信息社会背景下的信息自决权

联邦宪法法院在1983年"人口普查案"中创制了"信息自决权",其防御法构想已经无法适应互联网时代信息无处不在的现象. 传统"信息自决权"保护范围过于宽泛,侵犯条件容易满足,这既不符合现实要求,也将导致该领域陷入"法律化陷阱". 改革方案提出保护信息的使用情境,这将导致基本权保护范围大幅缩减. 建议"进化"而非"革命"地重新调整对该基本权的认识,其保护人格权且应当考虑个人"合理的隐私期待",应限制对侵犯的认定. 在私人法律关系中,还应当谨慎运用国家保护义务教义.     

高校图书馆数字化参考咨询服务的思考

论述了数字化参考咨询服务的概念和类型 ,并在列举了国内外几个典型的数字化参考咨询实例的基础上 ,提出了目前高校图书馆数字化参考咨询服务系统构建应具备的功能模块和服务发展方向。     

“Whatsapping” the continuity of postpartum care in Switzerland: A socio-anthropological study

BackgroundDigital media such as Apps, Internet and social networks have become integral parts of the maternity experience for more than a decade. These media can support or undermine women’s experiences as has been shown in digital sociology research. Using Immediate Messaging Applications to provide information and support to women during the perinatal period is an emerging practice.AimThis article analyses how health and social care professionals – with a focus on community midwives – and women communicate between postpartum home visits through Immediate Message Applications in Switzerland.MethodsA socio-anthropological study that relied on qualitative methods including semi-directed interviews with midwives and health and social care professionals (n = 30) and immigrant women (n = 20).FindingsSince the introduction of Immediate Messaging Applications, women and their carer converse more regularly between post-partum home visits. Women send questions, pictures and videos to them, often allowing swift responses to their concerns. Midwives encounter difficulties answering women’s questions when they cannot be solved through quick communication (e.g. infant crying). To them, texting frequency forms a clinical clue to women’s mental health. Not all women contact their carer through digital messages; immigrant women are less likely to know and use this service.Discussion and conclusionImmediate Messaging Applications form a promising communication tool, complementary to home visits, and contribute to woman-centered care and continuity of care. As an emergent practice, it has not been framed by a guideline yet. Policy makers and practitioners should ensure that its use does not contribute to unequal access to care.     

关于数字图书馆发展的思考

数字图书馆是国家信息基础设施的重要组成部分,目前已成为评价一个国家信息基础设施水平的重要标志,也是世界各国图书馆正在竟相研究和发展的重大课题。如何探讨和研究数字图书馆的概念、特征、发展阶段及现状,是分析数字图书馆发展所面临问题及建议采取相应对策的关键。     

基于DS12C887的实时日历时钟的设计

本系统采用单片机作为数字钟的核心控制器,读取时钟芯片的值,并通过显示器显示出来,而且可以通过按键电路给单片机执行信号,给时钟芯片赋初值。采用STC89C51作为主控单片机,时钟模块选用DS12C887作为时钟芯片,显示模块选用LCD1602,设置部分选用按键电路。其功能是在51单片机系统中设置、获取、记录实时的日历时钟信息并通过数码管显示,选用日历时钟芯片DS12C887作为实时时钟芯片,为系统提供详细的时间信息,次款芯片内部有锂电池,可以带掉电的情况下保存10年以上。     

广西高校学报数字化出版平台建设探析

数字化出版发展迅速,但广西高校学报在数字化出版方面比较落后,仅仅是实现办公自动化、电脑排版,借助商业数据库把电子出版在网上传播。广西高校学报在运作数字化出版面临较多的困难。要取得数字化出版的发展,必须采取有效的措施。从广西高校学报的实际出发,可从以下方面着手：（一）组建数字化出版联合体;（二）分阶段建设。     

以家庭为单位征收个人所得税

个人所得税的征收,最原始的目的就是想通过税收的形式达到全社会的公平公正,目前世界上很多发达国家都采用以家庭为单位计征个人所得税,而我国尚未实施。我国目前仍就采用分税制来征收个人所得税,以家庭为单位征收个人所得税是必然趋势,相信在不远的未来,我国必然实施这种征收方式。     

关于中国基本养老保险空账问题的研究

经过多年的改革,我国逐步建立了“统账结合”基本养老保险制度。该制度既吸收了传统型的养老保险制度的优点,又借鉴了个人账户模式的长处；在强调保障的同时又兼顾效率。但是由于存在改革以前就已经退休的“老人”和改革前就已经参加工作的“中人”,他们的个人账户实际余额或者为零或者严重不足。但是仍然要给他们足额支付养老金。这使得养老金个人账户存在严重的“空账运转”问题。为此,应从个人缴费来入手探讨解决空帐问题办法。     

The Pacific Rim Library: A Surprising Pearl

The Pacific Rim Library (PRL) is an initiative of the Pacific Rim Digital Library Association (PRDLA). The project began in 2006 using the OAI-PMH paradigm and now holds over 300,000 records harvested from OAI data provider libraries around the Pacific. PRL's goal is to enable the sharing of digital collections amongst PRDLA members and the world, but greater unexpected benefits have been discovered. Through mirroring their metadata, PRL increases the chance that their data will be discovered in Google and other general search engines. With its many disparate collections, PRL is not a repository for traditional information discovery and retrieval. Initially users will bounce from a Google hit to the PRL metadata record in Hong Kong and then begin an intensive search on the original site which hosts the full digital object, in Vancouver, Honolulu, Wuhan, Singapore, or other PRDLA member location.     

Framing strategy under high complexity: Processes and practices of ongoing reframing in the becoming of strategy

Framing is a key concept in research on how strategists legitimize and win support for strategic change by establishing a frame of reference for that change. This article advances research on strategy framing by showing how, under conditions of high complexity and uncertainty, strategists continuously reframe strategy in relation to shifting constellations of stakeholders. It presents the findings of an ethnographic study of strategizing in the highly complex context of the digital transformation journey of a global manufacturing firm. It shows how (re)framing practices are combined to iteratively shape strategy formation in ways that sustain strategic influence in the face of constant threats to legitimacy. By accounting for how (re)framing practices reach back and forth in time, the ethnographic findings refine the conventional understanding of how framing resources of past strategizing enter and reworked in present strategy work. Finally, the article contributes empirical insights into how information systems specialists, often marginalized as strategic actors, frame and pitch strategic projects to gain and exert influence in strategy formation processes.