Cost models for evaluating virtual design strategies in multicycle product families

Rapid technological change and increased competition are forcing firms to compress the time it takes to develop product families and rapidly realize innovations among successive family members (models). Competition in rapidly changing high-variety markets requires effective management of design information across successive generations of products as well as in the same product generation. This paper considers two complementary approaches to design information management: virtual design and modular design. Virtual design describes the abstraction hierarchy used to represent product function. Modular design describes the hierarchy of physical realizations of the product and leads to a group technology approach to manufacturing. An analytical model is used to describe the impact of design management strategy characterized by investment in tools and infrastructure for virtual design and group technology on product development costs. This model provides insight into the impacts on costs of the mix of standard and revised parts in a product family. Virtual design has greatest impact on cost when there is a large proportion of parts revision, while group technology has most impact on cost when large numbers of standard parts are re-used. Effective management strategy for high variety rapidly changing products should combine both of these approaches and emphasize compatible organizational methods and technology integration.     

芒硝的产品开发

阐述以芒硝为原料生产多种化工产品的化学反应原理与工艺流程，为芒硝的产品开发提供了技术方法。可供盐矿及乡镇企业参考。     

PDM技术的基本功能与应用

产品数据库管理 (PDM)是现代产品开发环境中成长与发展起来的一项管理数据新技术 .主要阐述了该项技术的基本功能及应用     

论历史文化名城旅游规划系统方法

文化遗产发展旅游在学术界争议颇多 ,本文从挖掘文化内涵入手 ,提出了历史文化名城旅游规划理念 ,并通过前馈与反馈控制系统以求确保名城文化旅游产品沿着规划设定的目标轨迹发展。     

中国西部大开发与工业设计

西部大开发是一项关系 2 1世纪我国可持续发展的伟大的系统工程 ,对我国的未来经济社会发展有着举足轻重的影响。当前 ,西部企业的工业化水平低 ,产业结构层次低 ,设计观念落后 ,严重缺乏工业设计的创新意识。我国加入WTO以后 ,西部企业面临着发达地区企业和跨国企业的双重挑战。企业的竞争力最终体现在产品上 ,产品设计是企业的灵魂 ,是企业竞争和可持续发展的利器 ,工业设计的核心是产品设计。在西部大开发的过程中 ,通过工业设计 ,为西部企业开辟出生存和发展的新天地 ,推动西部企业的产品创新及其市场化的进程 ,其意义是深远的。     

论产品缺陷与不合格之关系

产品缺陷与质量不合格是两个具有不同法律意蕴的概念 ,二者既有区别 ,又有联系。本文试图通过对以上两个概念的分析比较 ,阐述我国产品质量法中有关产品缺陷规定中存在的问题。在对问题的分析过程中 ,作者还将进一步探讨这些问题的成因 ,这将对我国今后的立法产生一定的借鉴作用     

产品数据管理(PDM)技术管窥

起源于 2 0世纪 80年代初的产品数据管理 (PDM) ,作为CAD/CAPP/CAM的集成平台 ,是在现代产品开发环境中成长和发展起来的一项管理数据新技术 .笔者综合阐述了这项PDM技术 .     

高校科研产品质量管理问题研究

在以学校作为主体的质量管理体系组织结构基础上,结合质量管理基本原则,针对高校科研产品质量管理过程中所存在的主要问题,从组织、职责、政策、机制等方面研究了这些问题并提出了相应的解决方法。     

政府在企业兼并与技术转让中的策略选择

在Stackelberg竞争条件下,提高产品质量的技术转让与企业兼并之间存有如下关系:与技术转让相比,技术拥有企业总是偏好企业兼并,但是企业兼并会降低社会福利;就技术转让的形式而言,技术拥有企业绝不会选择固定收费方式,可是,因为特许权收费(或双重收费)方式既不能提高技术拥有企业的收益,也不能提高技术接受企业的收益,所以技术授权可能不会发生。但是,因为技术授权可以提高社会福利,所以政府应禁止企业兼并,并且干预企业的技术授权行为。     

The closed-loop supply chain network with competition,distribution channel investment,and uncertainties

In this paper, a closed-loop supply chain network is investigated with decentralized decision-makers consisting of raw material suppliers, retail outlets, and the manufacturers that collect the recycled product directly from the demand market. We derive the optimality conditions of the various decision-makers, and establish that the governing equilibrium conditions can be formulated as a finite-dimensional variational inequality problem. We establish convergence of the proposed algorithm that can allow for the discussion of the effects of competition, distribution channel investment, yield and conversion rates, combined with uncertainties in demand, on equilibrium quantity transactions and prices. Numerical examples are provided for illustration.