辽宁省GDP与能源消耗关系的实证分析

作为世界第二大能源消费国,中国的经济发展离不开能源的消耗。辽宁省是工业大省,其经济增长对能源消耗的依赖程度日益加剧,然而这并不利于经济的可持续发展。对1990—2013年辽宁省GDP和能源消费的统计数据进行相关性分析,发现辽宁省的能源生产出现严重供不应求的局面,其能源消费增长过快同能源供给不足的矛盾日益加剧,GDP同能源消费总量互为正相关的线性关系。指出辽宁省需要通过调整产业结构来降低能源消耗相对水平,提高能源利用效率。     

Breadth of external knowledge sourcing and product innovation: The moderating role of strategic human resource practices

Prior research has argued that external knowledge sourcing can be supported by effective strategic human resource (HR) practices. However, whether and how the adoption of new organizational mechanisms in group settings influences the relationship between external search strategies and innovation performance represents an unanswered question. Therefore, the present paper aims to explore the relationship between the breadth of external knowledge sourcing (i.e., external search breadth) and product innovation by unveiling the moderating effects of strategic HR practices, as represented by the implementation of heterogeneous work groups and brainstorming sessions. On the basis of data from the Italian Innovation Survey, our results reveal that external search breadth is curvilinearly (inverted U) related to product innovation, and its negative effects occur later in the presence of heterogeneous work groups and brainstorming sessions.     

Towards an integrative framework of performance in product development projects

This paper aims to identify the factors that are associated with high performance in product development projects. The study takes a multidisciplinary approach in order to first explore key characteristics of product development processes. A synthesis of literatures from the fields of organization theory, strategic management, innovation management, project management, and group effectiveness provides the necessary theoretical foundations for analyzing the complex organizational processes that are involved in a typical product development project. The theoretical development that follows leads to the formulation of a series of propositions regarding relationships between product development performance dimensions and a variety of factors. An integrative framework that summarizes the proposed relationships is then developed. The paper concludes with a discussion that focuses on key elements of product-development strategies and management processes and how these can be controlled in order to enhance product development performance.     

Some results on the regularity in a single replicate design

A necessary and sufficient condition is given for a single replicate design to be regular with respect to a given factorial effect. This condition is applied in establishing necessary and sufficient condition for the regularity of an i order factorial effectl > 1, when a subset of factorial effects are known to be regular.     

Recurrence relations for moments of progressive type-II right censored order statstics from burr distribution

In this paper some recurrence relations between moments of progressive Type-II right censored order statistics from doubly truncated Burr distribution are established. These recurrence relations would enable one to obtain all the single and product moments of Burr progressive Type-II right censored order statistics in a simple recursive manner.     

A Class of Multiplicative Estimators of Laspeyres Price Indexes

Publication of indexes measuring changes in prices of retail, wholesale, export, and import items is an important part of many governmental statistics programs. One form of price index that is often used is the fixed-base Laspeyres, in which a fixed market basket of goods is priced over time. This article introduces a new class of multiplicative estimators of Laspeyres indexes. The optimum within the class is derived for long-term price change and compared with two other members of the class when used for estimating both long-term and short-term change. Theoretical properties are derived under a model in which long-term relative price changes for individual items have common within-stratum means and are correlated over time. Theory for long-term and short-term change estimators is tested in a simulation study in which a large number of stratified probability samples is selected from a population extracted from items priced for the U.S. consumer price index.     

Beyond the dollar

The international reserve regime based mainly on the US dollar has served the world well for decades, but it faces an uncertain future as the economic hegemony of the United States is increasingly challenged by the emergence of new economic powers. The regime is flawed fundamentally, moreover, because additions to the supply of the main reserve asset require the United States to run balance-of-payments deficits, which tend to undermine confidence in the dollar. This paper proposes a transformation of the reserve regime that would cause Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) issued by the International Monetary Fund to become the main reserve asset. An orderly transition would be achieved by creating a Substitution Account into which official holders of dollars could deposit them in exchange for SDRs.     

The Legitimate Role of Inspection in Modern SQC

For many years there has been much discussion regarding the appropriateness of “inspection” and “acceptance sampling” as tools for quality and productivity. This expository article collects and attempts to put into perspective some of the main points of controversy regarding these techniques.     

The substitution of governance mechanisms in the evolution of family firms

This paper examines how family firms substitute corporate governance with family governance and self-governance at different stages of their development. We argue that the types of agency problems that family firms face as they pass from one generation to the next determine the extent to which these mechanisms can be used as substitutes for one another. Our empirical investigation provides evidence that in the early stages of a family firm's life cycle, instruments of self-governance lessen the need for mechanisms of corporate governance, whereas in the later stages, instruments of family governance can substitute for mechanisms of corporate governance.