基于SBT的系统集成项目管理教学与评价模式

针对“系统集成项目管理”作为一门新兴交叉学科课程实践性和应用性强且专业知识集成度高的特点,基于SBT面向实践教学与评价的理念提出“案例化教学+项目化评价”相结合的整套能力主导型建构主义课程教学模式,以及一体化、系统化的课程评价体系,并结合上海理工大学“系统集成项目管理”课程改革的实际情况,给出了有针对性的教学设计和评价方案。     

基于突变的项目组合共享资源竞争拥挤研究

对于以项目方式进行管理或生产的企业来说,共享资源在多项目、特别是项目组合(project portfolio,PP)中的合理配置是企业运营所需要解决的重要问题,对企业实现可持续发展起着关键的支撑作用。本文将突变理论引入项目组合管理问题中,在类比交通系统中车辆对交通资源竞争的基础上,提出了项目组合系统共享资源竞争拥挤概念,并对其基础变量进行了详细分析;其次,本文分析了项目组合共享资源竞争拥挤势函数和竞争稳定性,构建了以系统效率最大化为决策目标的项目组合共享资源竞争拥挤模型;最后,通过HD集团的案例分析对项目组合共享资源竞争拥挤模型的可实践性进行了验证,并以此为基础,针对项目组合管理提出了共享资源的改进管理方案。     

Strategic planning for small and medium-sized enterprises: The COMPASS project

The paper introduces a methodology and a set of software tools designed to support the definition and implementation of enterprise strategies particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs . The COMPASS method and tools support a stepwise refinement of basic strategic options and a simulation-based evaluation taking into account the objectives the SME has given itself. They assist in the derivation of detailed project plans, and they help monitoring the success of the chosen strategy. Inexperienced users can taken advantage of the built-in knowledge and experience in the field of strategic planning which reflects the actual state of the art in economic science. The paper describes the method and tools which were developed in the ESPRIT project 6617 COMPASS, and discusses their strong and weak points in the light of experience gained during test applications in three SMEs.     

A Comparative Study of Semiparametric Estimation in Partially Linear Single-index Models

We consider a semiparametric method based on partial splines for estimating the unknown function and partially linear regression parameters in partially linear single-index models. Three methods—project pursuit regression (PPR), average derivative estimation (ADE), and a boosting method—are considered for estimating the single-index parameters. Simulations revealed that PPR with partial splines was superior in estimating single-index parameters, while the boosting method with partial splines performed no better than PPR and ADE. All three methods performed similarly in estimating the partially linear regression parameters. The relative performances of the methods are also illustrated using a real-world data example.     

An adjustable robust optimization model for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem with uncertain activity durations

This paper addresses the resource-constrained project scheduling problem with uncertain activity durations. An adaptive robust optimization model is proposed to derive the resource allocation decisions that minimize the worst-case makespan, under general polyhedral uncertainty sets. The properties of the model are analyzed, assuming that the activity durations are subject to interval uncertainty where the level of robustness is controlled by a protection factor related to the risk aversion of the decision maker. A general decomposition approach is proposed to solve the robust counterpart of the resource-constrained project scheduling problem, further tailored to address the uncertainty set with the protection factor. An extensive computational study is presented on benchmark instances adapted from the PSPLIB.     

Optimal Abort Rules for Multiattempt Missions

Many real‐world systems use mission aborts to enhance their survivability. Specifically, a mission can be aborted when a certain malfunction condition is met and a risk of a system loss in the case of a mission continuation becomes too high. Usually, the rescue or recovery procedure is initiated upon the mission abort. Previous works have discussed a setting when only one attempt to complete a mission is allowed and this attempt can be aborted. However, missions with a possibility of multiple attempts can occur in different real‐world settings when accomplishing a mission is really important and the cost‐related and the time‐wise restrictions for this are not very severe. The probabilistic model for the multiattempt case is suggested and the tradeoff between the overall mission success probability (MSP) and a system loss probability is discussed. The corresponding optimization problems are formulated. For the considered illustrative example, a detailed sensitivity analysis is performed that shows specifically that even when the system's survival is not so important, mission aborting can be used to maximize the multiattempt MSP.     

甲供资源约束条件下南水北调工程项目群工期-费用优化模型研究

在研究项目群工期—费用优化问题时，首先剖析了项目群工期—费用优化机理。然后建立了甲供资源约束条件下项目群实施前的工期—费用优化模型，对初始网络计划进行优化，使业主支付款净现值最小。但由于项目群中各合同项目间存在资源竞争和工期冲突等矛盾，可能引起某一合同项目的工期延误。基于此，构建项目群实施过程中的工期—费用优化模型，对实施前优化后的网络计划进行动态调整。最后结合南水北调某X项目群对比了不同工期—费用优化下的结果。结果显示：两阶段的项目群工期—费用优化可实现项目群的费用控制目标，为项目经理确定项目群中各合同项目的起始时间提供依据。     

A visual management tool for program planning,project management and evaluation in paediatric health care

This article describes the development and implementation of a custom-designed Excel-based visual management tool. The tool’s purpose was to support program planning and evaluation by our resource support team within a paediatric health care setting. Our aims in developing it were to 1) establish a streamlined process and supporting tools to efficiently plan and prioritize program directions and activities; 2) track progress; and 3) evaluate and report on our performance, outputs and outcomes. A collaborative approach based on the ADKAR (Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, Reinforcement) change management model and the LEADS (Lead self, Engage others, Achieve results, Develop coalitions, Systems transformation) leadership framework was used to guide the design and implementation processes. Team members reported high perceived effectiveness and efficiency with respect to the tool’s utility in supporting its proposed aims. A graded approach to building knowledge and skills in using the tool, to individual responsibility for data entry, and to accountability by team members facilitated its successful implementation. Administrative support is important for sustainability and continual improvement of the tool to address changing team needs over time.     

基于委托代理理论的代建项目服务报酬模型研究

“代建制”是对非经营性政府投资项目的实施过程进行管理的一种制度，是政府投资项目管理的新模式。目前代建项目服务报酬偏低制约了代建制的发展，所以要解决的问题主要是公有制产权下政府投资项目的经济与效率的匹配。本文分析了现行代建报酬状况，根据代建制模式下委托一代理关系的特点，构建代建制框架下的服务报酬模型。