Psychological ‘self–other overlap’ and support for slavery reparations

Neurobiological and social psychological studies suggest the existence of non-conscious ‘self–other overlap’ that can lead individuals to identify with other individuals or groups. This paper investigates whether this effect may help to explain support by some Whites for an otherwise unpopular policy on behalf of African Americans-slavery reparations. A representative telephone survey (n = 1200) serves as baseline of comparison for an online reaction time study with a non-representative sample (n = 1341) that measures ‘self–other overlap’ (interchangeably referred to as “implicit closeness” to Blacks). Partial proportional odds ordered logit analyses reveal implicit closeness to Blacks as the single most powerful predictor of support for reparations among White respondents. The magnitude of the absolute effect of implicit closeness exceeds that of traditional predictors such as racial resentment, ideology, and party identification. Methodological and political implications are discussed.     

“They love death as we love life”: The “Muslim Question” and the biopolitics of replacement

This article approaches the analytic of the “Muslim Question” through the prism of the discursive and conspiratorial use of demographics as an alleged threat to Europe. It argues that concerns about “Muslim demographics” within Europe have been entertained, mobilized, and deployed to not only construct Muslims as problems and dangers to the present and future of Europe, but also as calls to revive eugenic policies within the frame of biopower. The article begins by sketching the contours of the contemporary “Muslim Question” and proceeds with a critical engagement with the literature positing a deliberate and combative strategy by “Muslims” centered on birth rates—seen by these authors as a tactical warfare—to allegedly replace European “native” populations. The analysis continues by focusing on two images juxtaposing life and death as imagined within the replacement discourse, and that capture that discourse in powerful albeit disturbing ways. Finally, the article proposes reading the population replacement discourse as a deployment of biopolitics and one of its many techniques, namely, eugenics.     

析《诗经》中“有”的意义和用法

从两方面解析《诗经》中"有"的意义和用法。首先解析"有 名词"中,"有"具有以下四种意义和用法:一,"有""无"相对,为动词;二,与表抽象意义的名词组合,构成相对稳定的词组;三,表语助词;四,"有"字用法的个例及其固定结构。其次在"有 形容词"中,提出对传统的"重言"、"X然"、"……貌"训释的质疑,将"有 形容词"中的"有"解作表程度的副词。     

Does consulting with others affect answerability judgments of difficult questions?

People’s judgments of the answerability of questions relating to how things are in the world can have important consequences for society and people’s lives. Thirty-one individuals and 30 pairs made answerability judgments of 20 general knowledge questions, many with less known, or unknown, answers. Four questions had high expected consensus regarding their answerability (consensus questions) and the rest had less expected consensus with respect to their answerability (non-consensus questions). The pairs showed two polarization effects: pairs gave higher answerability ratings for questions with answerability ratings over 80% and lower ratings than individuals for questions with the lower answerability ratings. Stronger consensus-seeking tendencies and a more active memory environment in the pairs may have contributed to these results.     

混凝土雨季施工应注意的几个问题与建议

混凝土质量的好坏,既对结构物的安全,也对结构物的造价有很大影响,因此在施工中我们必须对混凝土的施工质量有足够的重视,特别是应重视雨季施工对混凝土浇筑的影响。     

关于教学质量评估科学化的思考

在教学改革中,怎样通过科学化的考评方式与评审,来评估本科生的教学质量。本文提出了一些基本思路,如按基础指标和专业指标来衡量各门学科的教师。目的是提高本科生综合的素质与专业水平。只有学生能力适应现代市场经济的需求,并为社会认可和接受,这才是高质量的教学。     

略论问句的逻辑合理性问题

问句 (疑问句 )是人际沟通中普遍使用的一种提出问题并要求回答的语句。合理的问句应选择合适的问句类型 ,句中的预设要真实充足 ,逻辑重点要明确 ,合理的问句应该能有答案。只有弄清问句的逻辑合理性问题 ,才能正确地使用和理解问句 ,保障人际沟通正常有效地进行     

"李约瑟难题"与中国的现代化进程

李约瑟之谜既是中国历史之谜,又是中国如何摆脱历史羁绊走向现代化之谜。本文对李约瑟之谜及针对李约瑟之谜理论界所形成的主要观点进行概括性介绍,并提出实现制度转型是解破李约瑟难题的关键环节。     

Measuring expectations of inflation: Effects of survey mode,wording, and opportunities to revise

Several national surveys aim to elicit consumers’ inflation expectations. Median expectations tend to track objective inflation estimates over time, although responses display large dispersion. Medians also tend to differ between surveys, possibly reflecting survey design differences. Using a nationally representative Dutch sample, we evaluate the importance of three survey design features in explaining observed differences: mode (face-to-face vs. web), question wording (‘prices in general’ vs. ‘inflation’), and the explicit opportunity to revise responses. We examine effects on item non-responses, revisions, reported inflation expectations and their deviation from the CPI inflation rate. We discuss implications of our findings for survey design.     

解读“钱学森之问”——从培养杰出科学技术发明创造人才谈起

杰出科学技术发明创造人才需要具备哪些条件？怎样培养？关键要有大智慧。从与钱学森院士接触中感悟到智慧来自：钱学森重视理论联系实际;钱学森重视科学文献讨论班,以群策群力,不断钻研领会人类在发明创造知识过程中的智慧;钱学森重视渊博结合,以促进学科交叉;钱学森重视教学相长,科学研究上的好多启发是从学生来的;发掘研究中国五千多年文明史中的祖先智慧。