诗与史的对话——谈文学的历史维度

文学和历史有着深刻的渊源关系,文学中的历史维度有两层含义,狭义的历史维度要求文学中描写的历史必须和历史一致,追求一种＂实录＂精神;广义的文学历史维度要求文学的内容具有一种历史理性、历史精神,允许作家虚构,用艺术典型化的方法反映历史内容。历史内容进入文学作品必须遵循一定的原则,即：历史的艺术化,历史的理性,美学的和历史的相统一。     

生态学马克思主义：合理性、内在限度及其价值依归

今天,人类正处在由工业文明向生态文明转型的前夜,全球生态环境遭到严重破坏的现实迫使我们不得不关注生态问题。生态学马克思主义作为20世纪末以来最有影响的西方马克思主义流派之一,它所提出的许多观点对于我们批判反思西方工业文明,获取建设生态文明启示上有着重要作用。但同时我们也应看到,生态马克思主义具有一定合理性的同时也存在着很大的缺陷,它的合理性具有内在的限度。实际上,生态马克思主义孜孜以求解决生态问题的根本出路在于中国特色社会主义理论与实践的探索与发展,中国特色社会主义理论与实践是其价值的依归。     

信仰重建与构建和谐人生——从宗教信仰的作用谈起

社会和谐依赖于社会成员的内心和谐及人生和谐。反思近代以来人们对宗教信仰作用的不同认识,可以看到,理性与科学可以极大地壮大人类力量,却难以满足人类的心灵、情感、人生价值及意义追寻等需求。现实中的大量物化现象都源于人的灵性、良心的迷茫与丢失。只有使包括宗教在内的信仰与理性实现互动互补,才能使人们懂得敬畏、感恩、律己、积德、行善等,从而有助于重建人的崇高信仰及追求和谐人生。     

战略决策过程中决策、决策团队与程序理性的实证研究

战略决策制定是企业高管团队的主要职责之一。本文基于管理决策、高管团队与组织行为学的相关理论,对企业战略决策过程的影响因素和影响机制进行探讨,深入分析了决策团队对战略决策过程中程序理性行为的影响,提出假设并进行了实证检验。研究发现,战略决策团队的工作经验、进取精神和沟通正向影响程序理性;战略决策的重大程度正向影响程序理性。同时发现,控制变量企业的业务多元化程度负向影响程序理性。     

Dutch books and agent rationality

According to the Dutch Book Argument (DBA), if an agent's subjective probabilities fail to satisfy the axioms of the probability calculus and so make the agent vulnerable to a Dutch Book, the agent's subjective probabilities are incoherent and the agent is therefore irrational. Critics of DBA have argued, however, that probabilistic incoherence is compatible with various kinds of rationality – logico-semantic, epistemic, instrumental and prudential. In this paper, I provide an interpretation of DBA on which it is true that probabilistic incoherence entails agent irrationality. Articulating this interpretation requires the specification of some of the connections among the varieties of rationality. Once this is done, it becomes possible to vindicate a modest version of DBA.     

网络理性何以可能?——对"超大"论坛的案例研究

网络理性在互联网对中国公民社会的影响中具有基础性的作用.尽管中文网络上存在大量的非理性现象,经过观察分析和问卷调查,发现"超大"论坛在公共问题的争论中,注重事实和逻辑,允许多元观点,不造谣传谣,避免极端立场,从而表现出了相对较高的理性特点.其理性机制源于高素质的会员、崇尚科学的氛围和严格规范的管理.网络理性应从多纬度理解,同时也面临着社会化机制是否健全、能否向大型社区推广和影响现实行动的考验.     

论价值合理性与工具合理性视域中的执政伦理基本问题

执政价值合理性是对执掌国家权力＂何以必要＂的伦理审视和道德追问,执政工具合理性是对执掌国家权力＂何以可能＂的伦理审视和道德追问。执政价值合理性与执政工具合理性相辅相成相互转化。执政伦理的基本问题是执政价值合理性与执政工具合理性及其相互关系问题。     

公共利益观念:一个思想史的考察

公共利益贯穿着人类社会发展的全部过程.在古希腊时期,“公共利益”仅仅是作为一个整体的城邦的“共同利益”即“共同善”.在理性启蒙时代,人们相信理性有能力设计一种个人利益与社会公共利益相互协调的政治社会结构,公共利益成为一种社会构建原则.但功利主义认为,社会政治秩序是在个人不考虑公共利益的情况下追求自身利益最大化的过程中无意而自然形成的.及至当代,公共利益观念呈现价值纷乱的多重景观.马克思主义唯物史观认为,公共利益只有在“自由人的联合体”中才能得到真正实现.     

Conflicting rationalities, knowledge and values in scarred landscapes

Incorporating public or local preferences in landscape planning is often discussed with respect to the difficulties associated with accurate representation, stimulating interest and overcoming barriers to participation. Incorporating sectoral and professional preferences may also have the same degree of difficulty where conflicts can arise. Planning theory calls for inclusiveness and collaboration, ideally egalitarian, and analysis of the process often uses case study scenarios that may offer examples for practice and further research. Much of the literature takes case studies in urban landscapes as the starting point for discussion and little is known of the collaborative process in rural landscapes, especially damaged landscapes such as those that may occur after extreme resource extraction. In this paper, we use industrially mined, or ‘cutaway’, peatlands as illustrative examples of the remaining ‘scarred’ landscapes. Using narratives of ‘knowledge-holders’ as iterative examples, we explore the perspectives of key actors within scarred landscape after-use planning. It is shown that though there is agreement that community ‘stakes’ are important, there are conflicts relating to the exact level of collaboration or to the extent that it is necessary at all. Traditional sectoral approaches predominate with community level narratives following established pathways. The prevailing rationalities revolve around protectionism and differing opinions of knowledge. Where a policy vacuum exists in relation to after-use of damaged landscapes, the resulting conflict may be an impediment to non-tokenistic stakeholder collaboration.     

Problem-Solving and Decision-Making as Central Processes of Family Life:

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