区域就业差异的泰尔指数测度

通过泰尔指数测算了实施西部大开发以来区域间就业差异,通过测算发现,区域就业总差异主要是由区间差异造成的,区间差异对区域就业总差异的贡献为56．6％,三大地区就业总差异的下降也主要是由于区间差异下降引起的。     

地方利益、区域经济一体化合作与福祉

地方利益包括地方政府官员的利益与地方公利,其中,地方政府官员利益居于核心层并发挥基础性、关键性作用.地方政府官员的利益又包括物质利益与非物质利益,非物质利益中的政治利益至关重要.地方利益引致地方政府行为变异,导致区域经济不合作,进而造成福祉损失.只有从地方利益入手,准确清晰地界定并规范和约束地方利益,并进行相应的制度创新,才能真正推动我国区域经济一体化合作,增进福祉.     

Profile of the Present Slovak Society and its Regional Differences

The article is the first attempt in assessment of the development and the present situation of social structure and stratification in Slovakia. Its principal aim is to develop the profile of the present society in Slovakia, which reflects the pace and complexity of the transformation process and its impact on society. Processing of Micro census data from 2003 led to creation of the profile of society in Slovakia at the national level based on income distribution but also knowledge on regional societies and differences between them were obtained. It was found out that the present profile of the society in Slovakia is pear-shaped which means strong representation of lower strata and weaker representation of higher middle and high strata. The profile disclosed some specific features and inconsistencies in the present society of Slovakia, which were, and still are determined by many non standard past and present phenomena and processes often disguised by reforms. The information drawn in regions has facilitated identification of the basic nature and structure of regional societies, some of their specific features and negative elements and to demonstrate their highly differentiated character.

老年健康产业发展现状、规划与对策探讨

随着中国人口老龄化程度的加深,高龄老人的比重不断增加,老年人口的健康问题呈日益严重的趋势,已成为影响中国当前及未来社会经济发展的重大问题。健康是享受生活的前提,是影响老年人生活质量的最大因素之一,健康老龄化是老龄社会发展的重要目标,而老年健康产业的发展则是实现健康老龄化的前提。因此,弄清老年健康产业的内涵,大力发展老年健康产业,并积极构建政府、社会、社区和家庭有机结合的老年健康产业体系,对未来中国社会经济发展具有十分重要的意义。     

全国流动人口计划生育管理研究

本文根据全国及部分地方有关流动人口计划生育的调查和相关的现有资料 ,分析了中国流动人口的规模、影响人口流动的因素、流动人口的特点和计划生育工作存在的问题 ,并提出了今后加强流动人口计划生育工作的对策和建议。     

关于计划生育干部培训形式的几点思考

目前我国人口与计划生育工作已进入稳定低生育水平、综合治理人口问题的新阶段 ,要求全面提高计划生育干部素质 ,教育培训工作越来越显示出其重要性。本文探讨了原有培训形式存在的问题和今后计划生育干部培训形式的多元化发展     

Efficient Heuristics for MRP Lot Sizing with Variable Production/Purchasing Costs*

Two heuristics based on branch and bound (B&B) are developed to solve closed-loop material requirements planning (MRP) lot-sizing problems that have general product structures and variable costs. A “look ahead method'’(LAM) heuristic allows for variable production/purchasing costs and uses a single-level B&B procedure to rapidly improve lower bound values; thus, LAM efficiently uses computer-storage capacity and allows solution of larger problems. The “total average modification'’(TAM) heuristic uses B&B, applied level by level, and modified setup and carrying costs to solve the variable production/purchasing costs MRP lot-sizing problem. LAM and TAM are tested on problems and compared to heuristics in the literature. TAM may be used to solve large MRP lot-sizing problems encountered in practice.     

New cultural economies of marginality: revisiting the West Coast,South Island,New Zealand

Marginal regions have been the subject of political concern and remedial action in western states for several decades now. The West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand is an interesting case study in this regard, for recent economic growth has confounded earlier expectations of post-restructuring decline, while also contradicting several of the nostrums of new regionalism. In an effort to understand this trajectory, this paper draws on documents from public and private sector organisations, newspaper articles and field visits to examine developments in four key sectors of the West Coast's economy: mining, dairy farming, forestry and tourism. Economic growth is found to be closely linked to the cultivation of new markets for primary products, but efforts to rework the cultural dimensions of marginality have also been important. Value has been added to specific products through the insertion of references to the region's alpine and forested landscapes. Isolation and peripherality have been recast in more positive terms, echoing the broader reframing of New Zealand as a scenic, unspoiled destination. In adopting a cultural economic perspective on marginal regions, the paper illustrates the significance of symbolic forms of value, the potentially flexible nature of marginality as a discursive category, and the importance of the networks which connect regions to national and international flows of capital and tourists.     

Using best available science to protect critical areas in Washington state: challenges and barriers to planners

Urban development has profound impacts on ecological patterns and processes making the scientific information required for developing environmental ordinances central for mitigating these negative ecological impacts. Washington State requires that planners use the best available science (BAS) to formulate land use ordinances as part of the state’s Growth Management Act (GMA). We present empirical findings describing challenges to planners in defining “best available science” and using BAS to create local ordinances that balance development needs with natural resource protection. We interviewed city and county planners (and their consultants) in western Washington to determine what they find useful about BAS, whether or not BAS is applicable to their jurisdictions, and what constraints they experience in reviewing and using BAS to create or update their land use ordinances. Our results suggest that applying the BAS requirement is particularly difficult in urban areas. Specifically, planners had difficulty applying results from research conducted in systems dissimilar to their urban landscapes. These challenges to planners were exacerbated by (1) a lack of resources and (2) political tensions among stakeholders with competing values in urban settings. We conclude with recommendations for improving the consideration of science in statewide land-use planning.     

中国人口老龄化的地区差异分析

本文基于1990—2013年省际面板数据,以老年人口比重作为老龄化指标,采用基尼系数分解方法和Kernel密度估计方法,实证分析了中国人口老龄化的地区差异及其动态演进过程。研究结果表明：中国人口老龄化在地区分布上呈现出明显的非均衡特征;基尼系数测算及其分解结果表明,人口老龄化的地区差异总体上呈现波动缩小趋势;2004年以前,地区间差距和超变密度交替成为总体地区差异的主要来源,2004年以后,超变密度成为总体差异的主要来源。 Kernel密度估计显示,老龄化程度不断加深,地区差异呈波动趋势。