综合性大学图书馆外文文献信息服务刍议

根据合并后的内蒙古民族大学的性质和特点 ,就综合性大学图书馆外文文献信息资源共享、建立特色馆藏、做好文献翻译、开展文献检索教学、实行对外开放和为地方经济建设服务等问题 ,做了初步探讨     

会计信息质量与公司资本配置效率——来自我国上市公司的经验证据

高质量会计信息能通过改善契约和监督,降低道德风险和逆向选择,从而提高公司资本配置效率,但至今仍未出现针对我国上市公司的经验证据.结合我国新兴加转轨的制度背景,以我国沪深上市公司为研究样本,实证结果表明:会计信息质量与上市公司投资不足和过度显著负相关,其中应计质量和盈余平滑性与上市公司投资不足和过度间的负相关性最为显著.因此,我们应该完善我国上市公司财务报告和披露系统的市场基础设施,如机构投资者和分析师队伍等,进一步进行制度创新以更好发挥会计信息在公司资本配置中的作用.     

An integrated nurse staffing and scheduling analysis for longer-term nursing staff allocation problems

The efficient and effective management of nursing personnel is of critical importance in a hospital's environment comprising a vast share of the operational costs. The adopted nurse workforce practices and policies highly affect the nurses' working conditions and the provided quality of care. Policy decisions on the staffing level have an impact on the outcome of the scheduling level and vice versa. Isolated reasoning typically leads to suboptimal decisions often resulting in ineffective outcomes of care. In order to overcome these inefficiencies, we propose in this paper a new integrative nurse staffing and shift scheduling approach. We test and assess the benefits of our approach in a reallife environment. Moreover, we examine the impact of several personnel policies on the staffing decision.     

The Future of HRD Research: A SWOT analysis by five leading scholars in the field

This article presents a review of the 11th International Conference on Human Resource Development Research and Practice across Europe through the lens of global mobility. The conference was held in Pécs, Hungary in June, 2010 and the four authors who participated in the conference present their own narratives as agents of global mobility, examine the theme of global mobility in the various aspects of the conference, and conclude with reflections on the factors that supported the learning environment at the conference.     

资源异质性、同质性与企业绩效关系研究--以我国医药类上市公司为例

不同企业之间的经营业绩持续地存在差异,但我们的研究表明,此差异将逐步地减小.资源的异质性假设很好地解释业绩差异的持续性,但难以解释为何此差异没有逐步增大.资源的可交易性、可分享性以及制度背景下对产品价值创造过程中标准化的要求致使企业的资源具有同质性,这一因素的存在导致了企业间赢利能力的差异化随时间而递减.     

公司内部控制权的配置状态、寻租主体及治理机制分析

文章深入分析了作为公司治理效率基础的内部控制权配置,不仅考虑到了股东的投票权及其顺延的控制权特征,还注意到了人力资本带来的控制权。在此基础上总体考察股东、董事会和经理层的控制权配置状态及权力主体之间的关系,然后依据董事会层面控制状态的不同,分类剖析不同控制权配置模式的寻租主体和重要的治理机制,以期对公司控制权配置状况与治理机制之间的关系做较深入的诠释,为我国公司控制权配置提供一些启示。     

财富、不对称信息与企业中控制权的分配

本文通过构建信号传递模型,研究了企业家财富、不对称信息和企业中权力分配三者之间的关系.文章指出,企业家可以通过两种方式向投资者传递其私有信息,一是向企业中投入一定的自有资本,二是将部分控制权让渡给投资者.这两种信号传递工具相互之间存在一定的替代性,但对于优质企业家而言具有不同的成本.在分离均衡条件下,企业家向企业中投入自有财富所产生的分离成本,要小于将控制权让渡给投资者所带来的分离成本,所以企业家更偏好于选择向企业中投入自有财富来传递私有信息.本研究对企业中控制权的"相机转移"现象提供了一个更为合理的解释.     

Outsourcing and Performance in Entrepreneurial Firms: Contingent Relationships with Entrepreneurial Configurations*

This article develops and examines an empirical typology of entrepreneurial firms, based on organizational and life cycle characteristics. Results indicate five entrepreneurial configurations representing the essential contingent features of age, size, innovation, and governance structure (Elders, Giants, Innovators, and Owners) and one configuration representing a mix of all features (Balanced). We found that (i) outsourcing affected financial performance in entrepreneurial firms and (ii) configurations moderated this relationship. Results support the use of salient contingent features of age, size, innovation, and governance structure to predict outsourcing effectiveness in the entrepreneurial configurations. That is, entrepreneurial firms that aligned their configurational characteristics with outsourcing tended to have greater gains in financial performance. From a resource dependency perspective, managing these alignments has important implications for entrepreneurial firm performance.     

A genetic algorithm-based decomposition approach to solve an integrated equipment-workforce-service planning problem

We develop a new genetic algorithm to solve an integrated Equipment-Workforce-Service Planning problem, which features extremely large scales and complex constraints. Compared with the canonical genetic algorithm, the new algorithm is innovative in four respects: (1) The new algorithm addresses epistasis of genes by decomposing the problem variables into evolutionary variables, which evolve with the genetic operators, and the optimization variables, which are derived by solving corresponding optimization problems. (2) The new algorithm introduces the concept of Capacity Threshold and calculates the Set of Efficient and Valid Equipment Assignments to preclude unpromising solution spaces, which allows the algorithm to search much narrowed but promising solution spaces in a more efficient way. (3) The new algorithm modifies the traditional genetic crossover and mutation operators to incorporate the gene dependency in the evolutionary procedure. (4) The new algorithm proposes a new genetic operator, self-evolution, to simulate the growth procedure of an individual in nature and use it for guided improvements of individuals. The new genetic algorithm design is proven very effective and robust in various numerical tests, compared to the integer programming algorithm and the canonical genetic algorithm. When the integer programming algorithm is unable to solve the large-scale problem instances or cannot provide good solutions in acceptable times, and the canonical genetic algorithm is incapable of handling the complex constraints of these instances, the new genetic algorithm obtains the optimal or close-to-optimal solutions within seconds for instances as large as 84 million integer variables and 82 thousand constraints.     

Supply Performance in Multi‐Echelon Inventory Systems with Intermediate Product Demand: A Perspective on Allocation

In this article, we study the performance of multi‐echelon inventory systems with intermediate, external product demand in one or more upper echelons. This type of problem is of general interest in inventory theory and of particular importance in supply chain systems with both end‐product demand and spare parts (subassemblies) demand. The multi‐echelon inventory system considered here is a combination of assembly and serial stages with direct demand from more than one node. The aspect of multiple sources of demands leads to interesting inventory allocation problems. The demand and capacity at each node are considered stochastic in nature. A fixed supply and manufacturing lead time is used between the stages. We develop mathematical models for these multi‐echelon systems, which describe the inventory dynamics and allow simulation of the system. A simulation‐based inventory optimization approach is developed to search for the best base‐stock levels for these systems. The gradient estimation technique of perturbation analysis is used to derive sample‐path estimators. We consider four allocation schemes: lexicographic with priority to intermediate demand, lexiographic with priority to downstream demand, predetermined proportional allocation, and proportional allocation. Based on the numerical results we find that no single allocation policy is appropriate under all conditions. Depending on the combinations of variability and utilization we identify conditions under which use of certain allocation polices across the supply chain result in lower costs. Further, we determine how selection of an inappropriate allocation policy in the presence of scarce on‐hand inventory could result in downstream nodes facing acute shortages. Consequently we provide insight on why good allocation policies work well under differing sets of operating conditions.