角色理论下的城乡社区干部素质对比分析——关于黄石市村委会和居委会干部素质的比较研究

在政治思想的先导下,以"新农村"中干部的应起作用为入手点,主要运用角色理论探讨"新农村"干部应具有的业务、能力等素质。在围绕角色期望展开角色距离的讨论中发现,农村村委会干部与城市社区居委会干部都存在角色失调,并将其与居民意识定义下的社区工作者的角色期望进行对比,得出村委会干部较居委会干部与之存在更大的角色距离值。立基于角色距离值,为黄石市所需的城乡社区工作者提出以人为中心的社区工作服务理念的相关建议。     

Intertemporal consumer behaviour under structural changes in income

In this paper we analyze models of forward looking consumer behaviour and give empirical evidence for aggregate quarterly data for the Netherlands, 1967-1984. Special attention is devoted to the implications of unanticipated structural changes in the income process, which because of replanning, will have an impact on the consumption decision. We start with the life cycle hypothesis. Since the fall in aggregate consumption in the Netherlands in the eighties can not be explained by the life cycle model, the theory is reformulated by assuming that the planning horizon of the consumers moves ahead as time goes on. As a result, an error correction mechanism has to be introduced in the consumption function.The modified model is found to be in agreement with the data.     

The effectiveness and specificity of change management in a public organization: Transformational leadership and a bureaucratic organizational structure

There is an extensive private sector literature on organizational change management. However, recent studies have suggested that the specific context of public organizations may have consequences for the management organizational change. This study examines to what extent different change approaches and transformational leadership of direct supervisors contribute to the effective implementation of organizational change in public organizations, and to what extent the bureaucratic structure of public organizations makes the implementation of organizational change s3pecific. The implementation of an organizational change in a Dutch public organization is studied using quantitative methods and techniques. The results indicate that bureaucratic organizations may effectively implement organizational change with both planned and emergent change approaches. The contribution of transformational leadership depends on the type of change approach and organizational structure. Transformational leadership behavior of direct supervisors contributes little to planned processes of change, but is crucial in emergent processes of change in a non-bureaucratic context. Although the literature on change management mostly emphasizes the leadership of senior managers, the leadership role of direct supervisors should not be overlooked during organizational change in public organizations.     

Establishing dominance between strategies with interval judgments of state probabilities

In decision-making under uncertainty, a decision-maker is required to specify, possibly with the help of decision analysts, point estimates of the probabilities of uncertain events. In this setting, it is often difficult to obtain very precise measurements of the decision-maker׳s probabilities on the states of nature particularly when little information is available to evaluate probabilities, available information is not specific enough, or we have to model the conflict case where several information sources are available.In this paper, imprecise probabilities are considered for representing the decision-maker׳s perception or past experience about the states of nature, to be specific, interval probabilities, which can be further categorized as (a) intervals of individual probabilities, (b) intervals of probability differences, and (c) intervals of ratio probabilities. We present a heuristic approach to modeling a wider range of types of probabilities as well as three types of interval probabilities. In particular, the intervals of ratio probabilities, which are widely used in the uncertain AHP context, are analyzed to find extreme points by the use of change of variables, not to mention the first two types of interval probabilities. Finally, we examine how these extreme points can be used to determine an ordering or partial ordering of the expected values of strategies.     

儿童社会化中角色适应分析

儿童不应该有好坏之分,只有社会化程度的高低。什么是个体社会化,怎样让每个人都有良好的社会适应,达到人尽其才,是每个教育者和家长十分关心的问题。社会角色适应是人的社会化的核心。教育者有针对性地向受教育者提出恰当角色期待并引起受教育者对角色期待的强烈认同感,同时创造条件,促使其社会角色内化,是促进儿童社会化的捷径。     

论网络时代中国新闻传播业的生态变迁

网络媒体的物质特性、传播特性决定了网络媒体产生后的中国新闻传播业必然发生深刻的生态变迁 ,传统新闻传播学话语被改写甚至被置换。这主要体现在新闻传播者主体席位增加与“受众”的消解 ,“线性模式”崩溃与“控制研究”式微 ,新闻传播媒体自身形态和外部环境的变化等。     

Change-of-variance problem for linear processes with long memory

In this paper we investigate the asymptotic properties of the test statistics for detecting change-points in the variance of infinite moving average sequences with long memory. This research is partly supported by NSFC Grants and SRF for ROCS, SEM.     

缩略形式的选取单位及其分析

缩略是一种语言形式的变化,它从原词语中选用部分形式组成一个新形式表示与原词语相同的意思。在缩略过程中,选取的形式有的有单独表意能力,有的没有,这表明,缩略过程中选择的是形式片段而不语义单位。     

论维吾尔族婚礼中的传统习俗

维吾尔族婚礼具有自己的传统习俗,它已经成为有规律的风俗,具有普遍适用的一套模式,由一系列阶段组成。这一模式的各个部分在民间的说法是提亲,送"茶"、念"尼卡",迎亲。这些组成因素在数量上是一定的,任何因素的缺漏和减损都不符合群体的理念,在排列上是固定的,群体内没有谁会乐意于改变它的搭配。     

理想女性与女性理想之间:高校高学历女教师角色压力及疏解

作为"传统的现代女人",高校高学历女教师有着强烈的自我发展需求、主体意识和成就动机,但在沉重的学术压力面前她们更容易出现职业倦怠;作为"现代的传统女人",未婚的高学历女教师往往面临"结构性剩余"的境地,已婚的高学历女教师则在事业与家庭之间作着"鱼与熊掌"的艰难选择。多种角色压力归根到底是由于传统社会期待与现代价值追求的冲突,疏解这些压力要全社会共同努力,推进社会性别文化的良性发展,高学历女教师自身也要对自我作理性认知,提高对不同角色的适应能力。