新型职业农民:成长轨迹、影响因素及培育策略——基于19个省市39位新型职业农民生命历程的分析

通过对全国19个省市39位优秀新型职业农民的生命历程进行分析,发现其成长轨迹呈现出折勾型、倒梯型、V字型、阶梯型以及N字型五种类型,并且不同来源、不同世代的新型职业农民成长轨迹具有一定的差异性。究其原因,新型职业农民终身发展的动力支撑显得不足;新型职业农民的个体主观能动性得到了充分的发挥;政府扶持与引领作用有待继续加强;新型职业农民培育时机并未得到恰当的把握;影响新型职业农民成长的相关利益主体分布比较广泛。针对以上情况,提出新型职业农民的培育策略:强化政府主导力量,增强新型职业农民职业吸引力;吸收年轻优秀群体,壮大新型职业农民的新生力量;重视人地实际需求,把握新型职业农民培育的时机。     

保险素养、收入差异与农民商业保险参与

乡村振兴战略的实施激发了农民在“医、养、住、行”等方面对美好生活的追求,与之对应的各类保险保障需求也随之涌现。对保险素养影响农民商业保险参与的机理进行了阐释,并使用陕西省565户农户的调查数据,实证检验了保险素养对农民商业保险参与选择的影响,以及农民个人收入差异对保险素养影响其商业保险参与的调节效应。研究表明,保险素养会显著促使农民商业保险参与概率增加3.1%。此外,个人经济收入差异对保险素养促进农民商业保险参与并未发挥出调节作用,即提升个人收入水平并不会增强保险素养对农民商业保险参与的促进作用。因此,有必要采取提高农民保险素养、有针对性地开发设计符合农民诉求的保险产品等措施促进农民商业保险消费,进而促进商业保险在农村地区的发展。     

Designing out vulnerability, building in respect: violence, safety and sex work policy

One recent finding about the prostitution market is the differences in the extent and nature of violence experienced between women who work on the street and those who work from indoor sex work venues. This paper brings together extensive qualitative fieldwork from two cities in the UK to unpack the intricacies in relation to violence and safety for indoor workers. Firstly, we document the types of violence women experience in indoor venues noting how the vulnerabilities surrounding work-based hazards are dependent on the environment in which sex is sold. Secondly, we highlight the protection strategies that indoor workers and management develop to maintain safety and order in the establishment. Thirdly, we use these empirical findings to suggest that violence should be a high priority on the policy agenda. Here we contend that the organizational and cultural conditions that seem to offer some protection from violence in indoor settings could be useful for informing the management of street sex work. Finally, drawing on the crime prevention literature, we argue that it is possible to go a considerable way to designing out vulnerability in sex work, but not only through physical and organizational change but building in respect for sex workers rights by developing policies that promote the employment/human rights and citizenship for sex workers. This argument is made in light of the Coordinated Prostitution Strategy.     

吉林省城乡居民消费变化的特点及差异研究

随着城乡居民收入的提高 ,吉林省居民的消费水平有了显著变化 ,按可比价格计算的居民消费水平指数总体上呈上升趋势。进入 90年代以来 ,居民的消费构成也相应发生了很大的转变 ,但城乡之间仍然存在较大的差异。实践表明 ,在经济发展水平相对较高的条件下 ,居民消费的心理、水平、构成及其变化 ,对经济增长的影响力度势必呈现出越来越大的趋势     

试论言语交际中语用级别性的把握

本文在对语用级别性存在于言语交际中的原因以及其对言 语交际产生的利弊进行分析的基础上,着重通过礼貌原则内部的级别性 和语用原则间的级别性两个方面探讨了在言语交际中把握语用级别性的 关键：以得体为要领,结合交际对象、内容、目的及背景适量、适中、适宜、 适用并适可而止地运用语用级别性来形成自己的交际技巧和谈吐风格。     

Risking safety and rights: online sex work,crimes and ‘blended safety repertoires’

It has been well established that those working in the sex industry are at various risks of violence and crime depending on where they sell sex and the environments in which they work. What sociological research has failed to address is how crime and safety have been affected by the dynamic changing nature of sex work given the dominance of the internet and digital technologies, including the development of new markets such as webcamming. This paper reports the most comprehensive findings on the internet‐based sex market in the UK demonstrating types of crimes experienced by internet‐based sex workers and the strategies of risk management that sex workers adopt, building on our article in the British Journal of Sociology in 2007. We present the concept of ‘blended safety repertoires’ to explain how sex workers, particularly independent escorts, are using a range of traditional techniques alongside digitally enabled strategies to keep themselves safe. We contribute a deeper understanding of why sex workers who work indoors rarely report crimes to the police, reflecting the dilemmas experienced. Our findings highlight how legal and policy changes which seek to ban online adult services advertising and sex work related content within online spaces would have direct impact on the safety strategies online sex workers employ and would further undermine their safety. These findings occur in a context where aspects of sex work are quasi‐criminalized through the brothel keeping legislation. We conclude that the legal and policy failure to recognize sex work as a form of employment, contributes to the stigmatization of sex work and prevents individuals working together. Current UK policy disallows a framework for employment laws and health and safety standards to regulate sex work, leaving sex workers in the shadow economy, their safety at risk in a quasi‐legal system. In light of the strong evidence that the internet makes sex work safer, we argue that decriminalisation as a rights based model of regulation is most appropriate.     

Diagnostics of multiple group influential observations for logistic regression models

In this paper, two new multiple influential observation detection methods, GCD.GSPR and mCD*, are introduced for logistic regression. The proposed diagnostic measures are compared with the generalized difference in fits (GDFFITS) and the generalized squared difference in beta (GSDFBETA), which are multiple influential diagnostics. The simulation study is conducted with one, two and five independent variable logistic regression models. The performance of the diagnostic measures is examined for a single contaminated independent variable for each model and in the case where all the independent variables are contaminated with certain contamination rates and intensity. In addition, the performance of the diagnostic measures is compared in terms of the correct identification rate and swamping rate via a frequently referred to data set in the literature.     

房地产宏观调控对不同经济发展区域的影响——基于安徽、浙江两省的分析

2003年以来,我国政府在对固定资产"投资过热"几大行业加大宏观调控力度之后,又对"逐步过热"的房地产市场相继出台了包括土地使用、金融、交易、房价一系列调控政策,目的是促使我国房地产行业更加健康、有序发展。这些政策在具体实施过程中,各地会因经济不同而产生不同的影响,而这又会反作用于市场,进而产生正、负双面的效应。为证明这一点,仅以浙江、安徽两省为例来予以分析,并在此基础上得出一些结论。     

外语教学中的文化因素导入研究

在阐述外语教学中引进文化因素的重要性和必要性的基础上,指出语言结构文化、背景知识文化和与交际有关的文化应是外语教师重点导入内容。按话语场组织教学,不仅可以解决文化因素导入的选择,也可以解决文化教学与语言教学有机结合的问题,文化差异教学的目的才能实现。     

英语教学中的文化渗透

英语国家社会文化和汉语文化存在着很大差异,在英语教学中,不但要教会学生英语语言本身,也要传授给学生英语语言中所承载的社会文化内涵,使学生学到真正地道的英语,从而真正达到文化交流的目的。