浅析西班牙语和汉语中颜色词汇的互译

不同文化背景的各个民族对于颜色词的理解不尽相同,在颜色词的使用上始终存在着一定的差异。西班牙语与汉语互译时,翻译者需要善于比较西班牙语与汉语颜色词的词义和内涵,考虑不同的文化因素,力求在翻译过程中减少误译。在西班牙语颜色词的翻译过程中,应结合颜色词汇在汉西双语中不同的文化涵义,灵活地使用各种翻译方法。     

基于DS／AHP方法的云南省中小企业家能力关键要素辨识

为有效辨识企业家能力关键要素以全面提升云南省中小企业长短期绩效,首先通过合并同类项的文献整合法对国内外相关研究中所涉企业家能力要素进行归纳与提炼,然后应用DS／AHP方法融合学术界、政府界、从业界三方对不同准则下中小企业家能力要素或要素集的偏好判断信息,最后基于累积标准化似然值大于0．8的要素甄选原则辨识出影响云南省中小企业绩效的企业家能力关键要素。实证结果表明,战略能力、概念能力、机会能力、关系能力、组织领导能力以及学习能力是目前影响云南省中小企业绩效的企业家能力关键要素。     

The perceptions of human resource development professionals in Taiwan regarding their working relationships with subject matter experts (SMEs) during the training design process

While the literature supports the importance of establishing a relationship between designers and subject matter experts (SMEs) in the training design process, this approach is not followed in all global practices. The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of human resource development professionals in Taiwan regarding their working relationships with SMEs. The respondents of the study were HRD professionals who worked in high-tech companies located in a science park in Taiwan. The study found that a significant relationship exists between the ability to work with SMEs and current ability in the training design process among HRD professionals who had worked with SMEs. This study provides implications for the professional development of HRD practitioners and HRD practice in Taiwan companies. Cross-cultural issues are discussed to explain inconsistencies between the results and US-based perspectives on the training design process.     

Organizational learning in SMEs’ internationalization: A moderated mediating effect of absorptive capacity

We examine both mediation and moderation effects on the direct relationship between internationalization speed and firm performance in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Building on prior studies that focus either on the direct speed–performance linkage or the moderating role played by knowledge, we suggest that an important source of performance variations is organizational learning. Grounded in the organizational learning perspective, we argue that firm strategies regarding speed and earliness of internationalization provide the SMEs with opportunities to develop their absorptive capacity, and thus enhance their performance. Using survey data from 343 SMEs in Australia and New Zealand, our empirical results suggest that absorptive capacity is associated with internationalization speed in a reversed U-shape relationship and that in turn absorptive capacity mediates the direct speed–performance relationship. Moreover, this mediating effect is moderated by earliness of internationalization. By demonstrating the moderated mediating effect of absorptive capacity as a novel mechanism to achieving superior performance, we enhance the understanding of how firms succeed internationally.     

Overcoming pandemic challenges through product innovation: The role of digital technologies and servitization

The fast-changing scenario related to the COVID-19 pandemic calls for firms to rapidly redefine and innovate their strategies to sustain their businesses, with research emphasizing the key roles of digital technologies and servitization. We aim to enrich the theoretical debate on this matter by assessing how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) achieve product innovation under time constraints by leveraging two specific technology groups (information and communication technologies [ICT] and Industry 4.0 data-processing technologies) and servitization. The research is based on a mixed-method approach consisting of an original survey completed by 257 Italian SMEs (grounded on a previous qualitative study about such SMEs' behaviors during the first Italian lockdown), followed by in-depth interviews with the owners and/or managers of the eight SMEs that participated in the survey. The results show a positive relationship between the increased use of digital technologies (ICT and Industry 4.0 data-processing technologies) during the pandemic with servitization and, in turn, with product innovation. Specifically, the increased use of ICT during the pandemic had a direct positive effect on product innovation, while Industry 4.0 data-processing technologies affected product innovation only through the full mediation of servitization. The qualitative study allowed us to highlight how the different kinds of digital technologies supported SMEs’ innovation (servitization and product innovation) during the pandemic. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study are discussed.     

创业板对于中国的中小企业融资难题的作用

随着创业板计划实施的加速,很多人认为这种新的融资手段有可能成为未来中小企业融资的主渠道,但是分析人士认为这样做,只看到解决中小企业融资难需要创业板,却忽视了在当前环境下推出的创业板能否担此重任。在目前中国中小企业超过430万家,而基本符合上市条件的企业可能只有几百家,真是万里挑一。这样一个上市的比例,实在是杯水车薪,尤其是在目前对外出口减缓,对内需求不见大幅增长的情况下,中小企业融资难的问题还将持续。期望利用创业板来解决中小企业资金紧缺的问题,带来的一个后果便是让创业板市场成为比主板市场更疯狂的圈钱市场．直到它像目前的主板市场一样瘫痪下来。所以,创业板对中小企业融资更多是精神上的鼓励。     

日本中小企业融资体系研究

日本的中小企业融资体系在其法律环境、执行框架、融资体制、信用担保体制及其最新发展等几个方面都有其独到之处,我们应借鉴其有益的经验,搭建起中小企业融资及信用担保的基本框架,促进担保机构与商业银行的合作,完善担保讥构的补偿奖励机制和风险分担机制。并发展直接融资市场以完善我国的中小企业融资体系。     

A resource-based view on SMEs regarding the transition to more sophisticated stages of industry 4.0

The integration of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) within the concept Industry 4.0 represents one of its main challenges, as they play a vital part in industrial value chains that shall be digitized from suppliers to the end customer. However, what the implementation stages for Industry 4.0 in SMEs should be as well as the respective resources for achieving the next stage are scarcely understood. In response, this paper proposes a framework using a resource-based review for Industry 4.0 implementation according to the stage of development in SMEs, created between researchers, policy makers, and 354 manufacturing SMEs in the province of Gipuzkoa (Basque Country, Spain). The paper applies a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative (interviews) and quantitative elements (survey data). The results are used to develop a model with four stages of SMEs that are characterized by having distinct preconditions and conditions for Industry 4.0. Thereupon, the required measures to achieve the next stage of Industry 4.0 implementation are derived. This highlights Industry 4.0 for SMEs as a process with different stages toward achieving sustainable competitive advantage and offering insight into how the different resources operate. The high importance and advanced position regarding industrial value creation and SMEs in Gipuzkoa allows to generalize and transfer the findings to other European regions.     

我国个体私营协会的定位与发展

在我国,个体私营协会(以下简称个私协会)是随着我国鼓励个体私营经济发展而出现的新生事物。个私协会是一个跨行业的经济类社会团体法人,它对于我国私营经济——尤其是私人中小企业的发展起到了积极的促进作用。在我国鼓励中小企业发展的今天,个私协会应该继续定位于服务以会员企业为代表的广大中小企业,这将不仅有利于我国个体私营协会自身的发展,而且可以更好地促进我国中小企业的发展。