论社会主义与民主政治之间的包涵关系

马克思主义基本理论与基本实践确认了社会主义与民主政治之间的包涵关系,进而从历史与现实的结合上证明了民主政治是社会主义的题中应有之义.也就是说,民主政治不仅是社会主义运动的本质规定,是社会主义制度的内在属性,是社会主义社会的基本特征,而且也是社会主义运动兴起以来所始终追求的远大目标,是确定人民当家作主地位的国家形式,是社会主义制度下发展市场经济的必然要求,是社会主义建设事业中一项重要的战略任务.因此,根据党的十六大做出的战略部署,必须在发展市场经济的同时加强民主政治建设,才能使社会主义建设事业获得全面进步,更好地贯彻与体现"三个代表"的重要思想,逐渐地接近与达到科学社会主义的理想境界.     

The reconstitution of broken interfirm relations

Why do firms re-establish previously dissolved relations with other firms? In this paper we explore this phenomenon in a customer-supplier context. Organization and strategy theorists have focused primarily on the formation, evolution, and dissolution of interfirm ties, but few have examined their reconstitution, despite evidence that tie reconstitution can have benefits for firms. We address this gap through an examination of strategic customer-supplier relations among 26 Scandinavian firms. Based on 95 open-ended interviews with executives of these firms, we show that four factors promote the reconstitution of previously dissolved ties: the existence of relation-specific investments in the earlier tie, accompanied by a history of reliability and coordination; concerns regarding the uncertainty and risk associated with the initiation of a new relation from scratch; the maintenance of social ties between firm officers during the period of dormancy; and a major structural change such as a reorganization, merger, or acquisition in one or both firms. The results suggest that reconstituted interfirm relations represent a type distinctly different from newly-formed, currently active, or repeated ties. Successful reconstitution requires that the firms overcome whatever difficulties led to the cessation of their relation in the first place. How the ties were dissolved has an impact on their reconstitution at a later stage. A dormancy stage may provide new and unexpected knowledge, novel information, and other new resources that can lead to substantial benefits after the firms achieve a successful reconstitution.     

Preemptive or promotive: The differential impact of strategic leaders’ political connections on firm long-term investment in China

Research on corporate leaders' political connections has remained silent on the impact of heterogeneity of political resources on firm behaviors and of how strategic leaders differentially leverage these resources. We propose that a firm whose chair had ascribed bureaucratic connections as opposed to achieved political connections acquires different types of resources and chair differentially leverages the resources when making long-term investment. These effects are weaker when a firm is performing well. Our analyses of Chinese firms from 2003 to 2016 generally support these predictions. This study contributes to literature on political connections by providing greater specificity with respect to the heterogeneity of political resources and offering new insights into how strategic leaders leverage these resources. This study also contributes to the literature on board chairs and corporate governance by suggesting that when considering a firm's long-term plan, chair plays an important role and it is also important to monitor chair behaviors. Finally, it highlights the role of the interface between strategic leaders and state matters when considering the antecedents of long-term investment.     

Plain old Bess in a different dress? Disruptions of public relations in the digital age

This paper focuses on the disruptions in the digital age through the lens of public relations experts from the private sector. In order to understand whether the PR profession is undergoing a major or just a minor change, this study focuses on expert attitudes toward the disruptions and the perceived change of their identity, strategy, and structure of PR. The analysis of semi-structured in-depth interviews yielded six themes: changes that are shaping the industry, changes in organizational identity, occupational definitions and roles, structural aspects, the difference between PR communication strategy and digital PR-strategy, new methods, tools, and measurement models and finally predictions for the future. Three main conclusions arise from these themes: PR agency self-identity is in a process of change from media-relations to strategic consultants; the main source of the change is perceived as media disruption rather than digital disruption (although they are interrelated); and the future in PR is predicted as the all-in-one marketing communications agency, which might develop into a new, hybrid, profession.     

企业战略联盟的动机、形态及其绩效的研究综述

企业间的战略联盟是市场的需要,也是企业自身发展的需要,对全球经济的发展具有重大意义。近年来,人们对企业战略联盟的研究热点主要集中在四个方面:第一,企业建立战略联盟的动机问题;第二,战略联盟治理结构问题;第三,企业形成战略联盟后的绩效问题;第四,嵌入社会网络的战略联盟研究。通过对上述四方面研究成果的疏理、归纳可以看出,联盟治理结构(形态)和联盟绩效问题是战略联盟研究领域中的焦点,其中不仅涉及联盟绩效的度量、影响因素等,还涉及到联盟动机、形态和行为与绩效之间的关系等更深层次的问题。目前我国对企业战略联盟的理论研究和实践探索还处于起步阶段,有待我们进行深入地探讨。     

论虚拟园区建设的理论依据及建设思路

虚拟园区的精髓在于突破企业有形的组织界限和资源所有权的约束,拓展企业的资源使用范围,从而延伸企业的功能界面。随之产生了企业在机遇把握、资源整合、伙伴选择等一系列必须权衡和选择的问题。因此,有必要先从理论层面给予完整而严密的解释。文章从网络组织理论和网络发展极理论两方面展开论述,并提出相应的建设思路。     

中原局对苏北与皖东、豫皖苏战略区发展的应对

中原局驻苏北期间，面对发展华中战略进程中苏北新战略区与皖东、豫皖苏老战略区之间的取舍问题。围绕华中抗战局势的变化，中共中央与中原局经过战略权衡，在巩固苏北战略区的同时兼顾皖东战略区，以“向西大发展”的方针巩固豫皖苏战略区，通过皖东部队恢复发展皖南战略区。这一行动逻辑锁定以苏北为重心的战略主线，虽未能巩固豫皖苏地区，但苏北与皖东两个战略区得到巩固与发展，发展华中的战略任务得以完成。     

e‐Business and Supply Chain Management

In recent years, the area of Supply Chain Management has generated a substantial amount of interest both by managers and researchers. This interest has also been fueled by the growth in the development and application of e‐business technologies. These technologies enable the supply chain manager to make coordinated decisions by integrating the diverse and sometimes conflicting objectives of the various trading partners in a chain. The purpose of this paper is to: (a) highlight strategic and tactical issues for analyzing supply chains in an e‐business setting based on papers published in this special issue; and (b) describe future research opportunities in this emerging interdisciplinary area.     

A Strategic,Area-wide Contingency Planning Model for Oil Spill Cleanup Operations with Application Demonstrated to the Galveston Bay Area*

This paper develops a general integer programming model for strategic, area-wide contingency planning of oil spill cleanup operations. Model inputs include the set of risk points and the likely spill scenarios and response requirements for each, the sites of existing storage locations and the inventory of components at each, and potential sites for new storage locations. The model prescribes a minimum total cost plan to either build new storage locations, expand existing ones, or both, to purchase new components and pre-position them, and a contingency plan that determines which response systems should be composed to enable an effective time-phased response for each likely spill scenario. A family of heuristics based on linear programming (LP) is devised to resolve this strategic problem, providing an area-wide contingency plan. The heuristics are evaluated on a set of 10 test problems that involve 1869 general integer variables and 3264 constraints. Computational tests indicate that four heuristics are quite effective, prescribing solutions for each of 10 test cases within 1.41% of optimum and within a few minutes runtime. This study focused on modeling the Galveston Bay Area, and the test problems represent application in that area. A sensitivity analysis is demonstrated by assessing the impacts of component availability and the degradation of cleanup capability over time. Use of the model as a decision support aid by responsible parties, contractors, governmental organizations and others is described.     

A Resource‐Based View of Strategic IT Alignment: How Knowledge Sharing Creates Competitive Advantage

A critical decision problem for top management, and the focus of this study, is whether the CEO (chief executive officer) and CIO (chief information officer) should commit their time to formal planning with the expectation of producing an information technology (IT)‐based competitive advantage. Using the perspective of the resource‐based view, a model is presented that examines how strategic IT alignment can produce enhanced organizational strategies that yield competitive advantage. One hundred sixty‐one CIOs provided data using a postal survey. Results supported seven of the eight hypotheses. They showed that information intensity is an important antecedent to strategic IT alignment, that strategic IT alignment is best explained by multiple constructs which operationalize both process and content measures, and that alignment between the IT plan and the business plan is significantly related to the use of IT for competitive advantage. Study results raise questions about the effect of CEO participation, which appears to be the weak link in the process, and also about the perception of the CIO on the importance of CEO involvement. The paper contributes to our understanding of how knowledge sharing in the alignment process contributes to the creation of superior organizational strategies, provides a framework of the alignment‐performance relationship, and furnishes several new constructs.