论失地农民的生存现状与利益维护

在城市化进程中,出现了失地农民这一特殊群体,文章从失地农民的法律概念入手,分析了他们的生存现状,并以此为基础提出了维护失地农民利益的法律措施.     

新时期高等学校档案工作特点及发展思路

档案工作是高等学校一项重要的日常工作。随着高等教育事业的迅速发展和信息技术的广泛应用,新时期高校档案工作呈现出新的特点,档案的种类和数量成倍的增加,档案实体多元化、档案信息数字化的趋势日渐明显。同时,高校档案工作由于学校各项工作的挤压,也面临着地位的边缘化和受重视程度不够等诸多问题。文章针对当前高校档案工作中存在的问题提出了相应的发展思路。     

论失地农民的生存现状与利益维护

在城市化进程中,出现了失地农民这一特殊群体,文章从失地农民的法律概念入手,分析了他们的生存现状,并以此为基础提出了维护失地农民利益的法律措施。     

中国商业银行效率：两种测度方法的比较

为了准确反映中国商业银行的效率水平,了解中国商业银行的效率现状,并对各商业银行之间、各类商业银行之间、中国商业银行与国际大银行之间的效率进行比较评价,有必要对中国商业银行效率进行准确的测度。分别从经济（财务）和技术（生产）的角度,采用财务指标分析法和数据包络分析DEA法来测度和评价中国商业银行的效率及排名,并对两种测度方法进行比较分析。     

The Best and Worst Times of Life: Narratives and Assessments of Subjective Well-Being by Anamnestic Comparative Self Assessment (ACSA) in the Eastern Cape,South Africa

The Anamnestic Comparative Self Assessment (ACSA) measure of subjective well-being (SWB) aims to reduce the problems of cultural bias and relativity to external standards by allowing people to define the endpoints or ‘anchors’ of the measurement scale. In medical terminology anamnestic denotes ‘based on memory’. The ACSA uses subjects’ memories of the best and worst periods in their lives to define the anchors of the scale. They then assess their current quality of life relative to these personal anchors. The South African pilot study tested the match between self-assessment of SWB with ACSA and the conventional single-item measures of life satisfaction and happiness used in the South African Quality of Life Trends Study and analysed the narratives of the best and worst times of life. The quota sample of 46 consisted of 26 residents of Makana district in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, and 20 patients undergoing treatment in the local TB hospital. Mean SWB ratings with all three measures of life satisfaction, happiness and ACSA were between 5 and 6 on a 0–10-point scale. Ratings on all three scales were positively correlated. However, on ACSA the TB patients rated their current SWB 1.84 points lower than the community respondents, suggesting a greater sensitivity of this measure. It was observed that the starting points of the life stories produced by respondents to define the anchor periods for ACSA were related to their current assessment of SWB. A typology was developed that combined the starting point of the life stories with current SWB. The majority of community respondents matched the ‘Achiever’ type who scored positively on ACSA (i.e., above the mid-point of the scale) and whose life stories started with the worst period of their lives and proceeded to the best period. The TB patients were the only respondents to represent the ‘Survivor’ type whose morale had recovered after misfortune in life. ‘Survivors’ started their narratives with the best period in their lives, then moved to the worst (often health-related) one, and gave positive ACSA ratings. Based on the qualitative analysis of narratives, it is concluded that ACSA is a sensitive measurement instrument and therefore particularly useful for monitoring the effects of treatments and social interventions in longitudinal studies. However, further research is required to verify its cross-cultural validity.

Informal Food Production in the Enlarged European Union

How widespread is the production of food in old and new member states of the European Union and what is the social meaning or logic of such activities? We show that growing food is (a) more widespread in former communist countries than in traditional market economies and (b) is predominantly a hobby or recreational activity in affluent countries, but a coping strategy in reaction to experienced difficulties in making ends meet in poorer nations, and especially so in the former communist countries.     

Assessing the devolution revolution: How accurate are state-level estimates from the current population survey

The devolution of many social policy responsibilities from the Federal government to states has prompted increased interest in state-level measures of need. One data source that could be used to provide more state-level information on a variety of topics is the Current Population Survey (CPS). During the past ten years the CPS has been used to produce state-level estimates on a variety of measures. However, there has been little systematic evaluation of these data. This paper provides measures of accuracy for several state-level estimates derived from the CPS. These include standard errors for single-year estimates, three-year averages, and five-year averages of the March CPS measures; standard errors for three-year averages of 12-month CPS files; and comparison of CPS-based estimates to data from the Decennial Census. The paper also examines the relative accuracy of CPS estimates based on states' size. The information in this study will help analysts better understand the tradeoffs between timeliness and accuracy to be considered when using state-level estimates derived from the CPS.     

川东北非物质文化遗产保护与开发研究

近十余年来,人们对物质文化遗产的研究比较重视,对非物质文化遗产的保护和开发研究却相对滞后。尤其是川东北地区的非物质文化遗产正遭到不同程度的破坏,甚至濒临灭绝。文章分析了川东北非物质文化遗产的主要类型,并针对这一现象提出了实现其可持续发展的开发方案和保护对策。     

Long and happy living: Trends and patterns of happy life expectancy in the U.S., 1970–2000

This study assesses the trends and differentials in length of quality life in the U.S. population as measured by happy life expectancy in 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000. The analysis combines age-specific prevalence rates of subjective well-being from a large nationally representative survey and life table estimates of mortality in decennial Census years. Employing the period prevalence-rate life table method—Sullivan method, the analysis finds evidence for improvement in quality of life in the U.S. Happy life expectancy largely increased in both absolute terms (number of years) and relative terms (proportion of life) over time at all adult ages examined. And increases in total life expectancy were mainly contributed by increases in expectancy in happy years rather than unhappy years. Happy life expectancy is longer than active life expectancy. And there has been greater compression of unhappiness than compression of morbidity. There are substantial differentials in happy life expectancy by sex and race because of differential prevalence rates of happiness. Women and whites had longer years of total and happy life expectancies at most ages and dates, while men and blacks had greater proportions of happy life expectancies across the three decades. Although race differentials generally decreased at older ages and with time, relative disadvantages of blacks persisted.     

占道模型:侵占公共利益的原因分析

对于目前各种公共利益和资源的侵占行为分析其原因是十分必要的。从常见的占道模型中,我们会找到侵占公共利益的行为存在的主观原因和客观原因。这些原因主要有:公共利益事实上的产权模糊或不明晰,各级政府及其工作人员对其控制的公共利益管理不善甚至监督不力、责任不清、责任被淡化,我国民众整体的法律意识水平不高甚至个别人法治观念淡薄,社会转型时期的公共利益供应不足等。