Young People as Co‐producers in Policing across England. An Evaluation of the ‘Youth Commission’ on Police and Crime

This paper discusses a recent study on three ‘Youth Commission’ on police and crime projects. Professional viewpoints were interpreted to understand how they valued young people's participation and made sense of their experiences and capabilities. Framed within policing reforms, the ‘Youth Commission’ projects regard young people as co‐producers, who work in partnership with professionals to address police and crime issues. The focus is upon professionals and their relationships with young people for transformative participation and social outcomes. Working in partnerships showed interdependency but identifies further challenges if professionals do not truly value young people's participation.     

东方语境下大学生英语自主学习中的教师作用

本文认为在东方传统文化以教师为权威的环境下,大学生英语自主学习能力的培养,离不开教师的正确指导,教师的作用不可或缺。     

人工智能企业的权力生产及其政治影响

人类社会漫长的政治发展进程中充满了权力生产与权力转移现象。随着人工智能时代的到来,作为人工智能技术关键成分的数据与算法,逐渐成为权力生产的新要素,谁掌握更充分的数据和更先进的算法,谁就可能拥有更多或更大的权力,技术的赋权效应得以彰显。技术赋权可能催生新权力主体,权力转移现象可能再度发生。人工智能企业既因为在数据与算法方面拥有独特的技术优势而内生出部分权力,也因为为国家治理提供技术辅助而另外获得部分权力,可能成为与国家相媲美的新权力中心。人工智能企业的权力增长,可能促使国家治理权力结构从传统的单中心结构变为多中心结构;与此同时,由于人工智能时代的国家治理越来越倚重人工智能企业提供算法支持,而算法可能出现失误,加之“算法黑箱”和卸责链条的存在,因此人工智能企业的权力增长还可能消解权责同体的基本政治规则,引发权责分离现象或者说国家治理问责难题。新权力中心在多大概率上会出现,既取决于国家与人工智能企业的技术实力对比,也取决于国家治理对人工智能企业的技术依赖程度。应对人工智能时代的权责分离现象或者说问责难题,除了促使人工智能企业高度自律,还需要国家匹配备案与试点制、随机抽查检验制、服务积分制等制...     

增权视野下未成年犯矫正社会工作实务探析——以广西河池市X司法所为例

目前,我国社区矫正的重刑倾向使司法工作者较少关注到未成年社区服刑人员的“失权”处境。增权既有利于帮助该特殊群体提高适应生活的能力,又有利于帮助他们顺利实现再社会化。对广西河池市X司法所的介入研究发现,从个人、人际和环境3个层面为未成年犯增权,有助于将“他助”转化为“自助”。同时存在案主客观问题易被忽视、社会工作者在矫正社会工作中缺乏独立性、工作成效受限等问题,建议从丰富增权理论运用模式、提高社会工作者地位认同、凝聚多方力量群策群力等层面进行优化。     

The paradox of parental participation and legal representation in ‘edge of care’ meetings

This paper assesses the nature of parental participation and legal representation in pre‐proceedings meetings in England and Wales. These are called when a local authority is considering care proceedings on a child. The parent(s) are invited to a meeting to discuss the concerns, and are entitled to attend with a lawyer. The paper draws on findings from a study of the process which included a file survey of over 200 cases, observations of 36 meetings and interviews with more than 90 key informants, including parents. The aim of the process is (usually) to reach an agreement to prevent the case going to court, but the families are usually well known to children's services, and have been through many meetings and agreements before. What then are the possibilities for parental participation and legal representation in the meetings? The study shows that they may help bring a greater degree of clarity to the local authority's proposals, but are not expected to challenge them. Paradoxically, they serve to reinforce the authority's position. The meetings can help divert cases, but it is important to be realistic about the chances of change in these often long‐standing ‘edge of care’ cases.     

Collective empowerment: A comparative study of community work in Mumbai and Stockholm

Mumbai and Stockholm are worlds apart in terms of public services, infrastructures and standard of living. However, both cities have known common problems of social exclusion and marginalisation related to neo‐liberal globalisation. Social workers are facing similar challenges regarding collective empowerment as a strategy for community work. This comparative study explored how collective empowerment is undertaken by community workers. The research participants were 13 informants from community‐work organisations in the two settings. Semi‐structured interviews were used and were analysed with the help of Atlas‐ti 6.2 (ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH D‐10623 Berlin Germany). Social work in Mumbai is in a context of extreme poverty and mainly within the informal sector, whereas in Stockholm most social work is done in relation to a public welfare model. In Stockholm, interventions are aimed towards strengthening social networks, without direct aim at social change. In Mumbai, community workers organise people for collective empowerment to strengthen marginalised groups and achieve social change.     

民族地区教师教育模式创新与教师教育专业化

通过对教师教育性质的认识,结合四川西部民族地区教师专业化发展的现状及教师教育专业化过程中的问题,探讨了民族地区教师教育的理念,提出了民族地区教师教育人才培养新模式,对促进民族地区教师专业化发展及教师教育专业化可持续发展有着新的实践意义。     

中小学英语教师在职培训策划与实施效度探微——以中山大学为越秀区中小学英语教师作在职培训为例

本文以中山大学为越秀区中小学英语教师作在职培训为个案,通过参与、观察培训课堂及分析调查问卷,对这一中小学英语教师在职培训实践的有效性进行了考察。文章论及这一培训模式的优势、效果、及培训绩效的成功经验,以期对今后与之相同或类似地区开展外语教师培训提供借鉴和启示,对外语教师发展具有积极意义。     

Effective casework practice with adolescents: perspectives of statutory child protection practitioners

Many child protection practitioners struggle with the complexity of problems and the limited casework time for adolescent cases. However, there is little research on child protection practice or case management that can guide a practitioner working with adolescents in the child protection system. The aim of this study was to explore and describe the nature of effective child protection practice with adolescents from the perspective of statutory child protection practitioners in one state in Australia. Data were collected through focus group discussions and interviews with child protection practitioners and managers currently working with adolescents (n= 44). A grounded theory approach was used to identify the dominant themes or categories and form linkages and relationships through constant comparison techniques. Seven key categories emerged from this analysis: characteristics of the young person and their family; ‘walking it together’– the centrality of relationships; ‘looking back/looking forward’– practice strategies; practitioner attributes and skills; ‘walking a fine line’– working with the families of adolescents; ‘walking with services’– effective inter‐agency work; and organizational context in effective child protection practice with adolescents. Key implications for practice and areas for further research were discussed.     

阿尔法拉比为何被伊斯兰思想哲学界称作“第二导师”

自古至今,伊斯兰思想界对法拉比为何被称作＂第二导师＂这一问题有各种不同的阐释。纳斯尔教授认为法拉比是用逻辑学系统化陈述的方法对诸学科进行处理的奠基者,他建立起＂理性＂与＂信仰＂之间,即哲学与宗教之间的和谐。法拉比在伊斯兰传统中所做的工作有如亚里士多德在希腊传统中所做的工作,故被称为＂第二导师＂。