Understanding firm performance: The case of developing countries's firms that compete internationally in technologically advanced industries

Insights from industrial organization, Schumpeterian innovation, and economic development theories are used to try to explain firm behavior in cases of successful acquisition of advanced technological assets and international trade competitiveness by Asian and Latin-american countries at an intermediate level of industrial and technological development. The role of the state as innovator as well as the importance of alternative forms of organization emerge as the most salient findings.     

更干净、更人性、更团结——由北京理工大学足球队冲甲成功引发的思考

运用可持续发展理论、和谐社会理论以及运动训练学、体育管理学相关理论,对北京理工大学足球队参加全国足球甲级职业联赛一事进行分析,认为:北京理工大学足球队参加职业联赛利大于弊,同时,北京理工大学模式对于探索新时期我国足球运动后备人才培养路径,具有积极的理论和实践意义。     

Prevalence of technology-intensive international alliances

A population perspective of the formation, long-term survival, and prevalence of U.S./Japanese alliances in seven technology-intensive areas suggests the presence of two subpopulations. We have called these two subpopulations dominated and hybridized. They were predicted and empirically identified as being comprised of unique combinations of the technical area of operations, the administrative form of the alliance, and the product/knolwedge flow through the entity.     

中国要素替代弹性估计

要素替代弹性是经济研究中的重要参数,对经济增长和要素分配研究至关重要。本文基于一般要素增强型CES生产函数,利用1978-2011年省级面板数据,以变系数面板模型估计我国替代弹性时间序列。主要发现为：我国替代弹性明显小于1（0.23-0.55之间）,改革时期基本呈上升趋势;此时劳动增强型技术表现出资本偏向,构成近期我国劳动份额持续下降的重要原因。最后,对该领域未来发展方向进行展望。     

我国科技创新体系产出机制的门槛效应研究

实现科技创新目标,采取有针对性科技发展政策的前提是对我国科技创新体系的特点有充分的认识。本文基于门槛回归模型,以R&D强度和R&D经费中企业经费所占比例作为门槛变量,对我国1985-2013年科技创新投入产出之间的关系进行了研究,结果显示在样本期内我国科技创新体系产出机制发生了转变,它们之间存在着两个门槛,R&D强度的门槛值分别为0.661%和1.325%,R&D经费中企业经费所占比例的门槛值分别为29%和67%。两个门槛变量回归的结果是一致的,即在不考虑经济发展水平这个控制变量的前提下,我国专利产出的增长都经历了从以R&D人员增长为主要影响因素到以R&D资本增长为主要影响因素的转变过程。在这个机制转变的过程中,我国科技体制改革和科教兴国战略发挥了重要作用。在此基础上,本文建立非线性模型描述它们之间的关系,结果与门槛回归模型的结果一致。     

中国经济向新常态转换的冲击影响机制研究

本文分析了中国自2007年以来逐步向新常态经济转换的冲击影响机制。我们应用SV-TVP-VAR模型分析了2001Q1~2015Q3间以技术冲击和投资冲击代表的供求冲击对中国经济波动的动态影响机制,结果表明这两种冲击的影响机制都在2007年左右发生了结构性的变化,具体表现为：首先从影响的方向来看,投资冲击的短期影响为正但波动性加大,中长期的影响则变为负值且影响逐步增强,而无论是从短期还是中长期来看技术冲击对中国经济增长的正面影响逐步增强,但从2014年以来其影响有所下降;其次从影响的数量来看,分时段的方差分解表明2007年之后投资冲击对产出波动的解释力度大幅上升,而技术冲击的影响比较平稳。这些结论说明中国经济向新常态的转换主要源于需求侧的不利冲击,但最近以来供求冲击都呈现了不利影响的趋势,为此我们也提出了相应的政策建议。     

基于需求的混合学习模式探究 ——以现代教育技术课程为例

分析目前高等教育的现状,从学生、教学、社会需求出发,以现代教育技术课程为例,提出通过课堂教学、课后练习、线下 学习、线上学习的混合学习模式解决存在的问题和矛盾,以此培养具有个性和适应时代需求的学生。     

Paper Versus Electronic Medical Records: The Effects of Access on Physicians' Decisions to Use Complex Information Technologies*

This study examines physicians' responses to complex information technologies (IT) in the health care supply chain. We extend individual‐level IT adoption models by incorporating a new construct: system accessibility. The main premise of the study is, when faced with a decision between alternate IT systems, individual users tend to select and make use of the technology or system that is most readily accessible. We discuss both physical and logical dimensions of accessibility as they relate to adoption of electronic medical records (EMR). Physical accessibility refers to the availability of computers that can be used to access EMR, while logical accessibility refers to the ease or difficulty of logging into the system. Using data from a survey of 199 physicians practicing in a large U.S. hospital, we show that, when deciding between the paper chart and EMR, accessibility is an important consideration in a physician's decision to use the system. Both dimensions of accessibility act as barriers to EMR use intentions through their indirect effect on physicians' perceptions of EMR usefulness and ease of use. Logical access also has a direct effect on EMR use intentions. We conclude that accessibility is an important factor that limits acceptance of complex IT such as EMR.     

Density-dependent strategic action: Outcomes of structural market commitment in the global integrated circuit industry

This study develops theory regarding organizational survival and technology management in global, technology-intensive industries. Findings indicate that ecological effects on survival localize to the level of separate international markets as an industry becomes global. How firms structurally participate in these markets moderate these ecological forces. Strategic choices about technology management, such as centralized versus decentralized manufacturing and R&D operations, help firms “crack” densely packed markets. The developed theory is tested with firm-level data on the structure and international presence of all organizations in the worldwide population of integrated circuit manufacturers, from 1961 to 1994.     

The role of trust and contracts in the internationalization of technology-intensive Born Globals

The purpose of this paper is to study the roles of trust and contracts in technology-intensive Born-Global firms (BGs). By definition these firms compete in the area of knowledge and cutting-edge innovation, use external resources, and internationalize at inception or soon thereafter. For entering global markets successfully, these firms typically need partners. However, attracting them requires disclosing critical knowledge, and thus BGs encounter the risk of losing their potential competitive advantage. Their global business environment is very competitive and dynamic, therefore traditional ways of operating may be too time-consuming to manage these risks. Consequently, we argue that for technology-based BGs, the role of trust and contracts are closely intertwined. The paper puts forward three propositions that highlight the roles of trust and contracting for technology-intensive BGs.