美国强制执行法述评

美国强制执行法以州法为主。美国虽有强制执行机构,但它却不以强制执行为专职。美国在执行程序中积极引入开示程序、交叉询问等若干诉讼程序,动用国家的一切力量坚决维护判决和法院的尊严,同时又严格规范收债行为,给予善意债务人多项财产豁免和保护。     

抗日民族统一战线与党的建设——纪念中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年

抗日民族统一战线形成、发展与实践的过程, 也是中国共产党不断加强思想建设、组织建设、作风建设的过程。在这一历史进程中, 中国共产党在政治上日臻成熟、思想上进一步纯洁、组织上更加巩固。     

ICC背景下侵略罪认定之探讨

侵略罪的界定应该具备实体性要件,同时具有程序性要件。侵略罪的认定,需要确保安理会的决定权。为此我们需要进一步完善相关的国际条约。国际刑事法院管辖权与安理会职权应该相互补充协调,共同为维护世界的和平发挥作用。     

The energy constraint in the 1980s and the scope for import substitution in Western Europe

Various policies are being proposed for reducing the energy dependence of Western Europe during the 1980s. This paper discusses their impacts through the use of a simple simulation model under different assumptions concerning energy prices conservation measures and overall economic growth. It also assesses broad energy prospects for three regions of Western Europe up to 1990. In particular, the paper analyzes the scope for substituting domestically produced energy for imported energy. Tentative policy recommendations are presented following presentation of the results. Preference is expressed for combined price-cum-rationing measures. Coordinated and generalized energy consumption policies, so as to improve the energy efficiency for both intermediate and final uses, are also discussed.     

Master status or intersectional identity? Undocumented students’ sense of belonging on a college campus

ABSTRACT

Research on undocumented students in the United States often focuses on the challenges they face navigating postsecondary education, rooted in their precarious legal status. The observed influence of legal status on undocumented students’ sense of belonging and academic progress provides compelling evidence that being undocumented functions as a master status – a salient identity that conditions students’ educational incorporation. Yet, this research tends to highlight legal status while deemphasizing or excluding other identities. Our study takes an intersectional approach. Using focus group data with undocumented students at a Hispanic-Serving Institution, we show that students rarely identify legal status in isolation or implicate it as the sole source of adversity. Instead, students’ reveal a sense of belonging rooted in multiple dimensions of identity including ethnicity and class. This study reconsiders the utility of the master status concept in favour of an intersectional one for a comprehensive picture of undocumented students’ educational incorporation.     

Do gender regimes matter? Gender differences in involvement in anti-austerity protests - a comparison of Spain,Sweden and the United Kingdom

ABSTRACT

Responses to the Great Recession are varied across welfare states and gendered in their consequences. Combining gender, social policy and social movement scholarship, this paper investigates how the differential policy responses to the Financial Crisis in three European countries shaped gender-differences in anti-austerity demonstrations. We compare the involvement and characteristics of women and men in anti-austerity protests using data collected at street demonstrations (2010–2012). We conduct cross-national multi-level analysis of demonstrators from countries representing different gender regimes (Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom). Our results show that gender regimes have a significant impact on women’s and men’s involvement in anti-austerity protests. We thus make an important contribution to research on gender differences in participation in anti-austerity demonstrations post-Great Recession. Our comparison of women’s and men’s participation in anti-austerity street demonstrations suggests that at the country or regime level resources matter more than grievances, but that grievances matter at the individual level. This innovative paper links scholarship on gender regimes with research on protest participation. Resources and experiences of grievances are shaped by gender regimes which provide access to decision-making and social support. We reveal novel insights into the connection between gender regimes and demonstration participation.     

The Impact of Extending Working Lives on Youth Employment in Great Britain

ABSTRACT

The article investigates the association between youth and older workers’ employment participation in the United Kingdom using yearly data provided by the Labor Force Survey. Presenting a short state of the art, the paper shows that, with few exceptions, empirical analyses usually assume that increasing the labor market participation of the older workers does not affect negatively youth employment. Nevertheless, testing several variables and three different statistical models, the empirical part of the article nuances this evidence. The association between youth employment participation and older workers’ employment participation tends to be significantly after controlling for public policy outcomes.     

春秋战国与文艺复兴的共同点及其启示

对"春秋战国"、"文艺复兴"这两个历史时期进行比较,就会发现它们具有经济比较发展,贯串着思想文化运动和成效特别巨大等共同点。这些共同点给了我们若干深刻的启示。     

The interrupted chain: traditional receiver countries,migration regimes,and the East European Jewish diaspora, 1918–39

This article focuses primarily on countries that had been, prior to 1914, among the most favored destinations for East European Jewish migrants: chiefly the United States, Canada, Palestine, Brazil and Argentina. In the inter-war years, these ceased to be the only ports of final entry for Jewish migrants. However, despite restrictive migration regimes and unfavorable economic conditions, traditional receiver countries continued to absorb the largest share of such migrants (the U. S. and Palestine, between them, accounting for over 800,000). Jewish migration to countries other than the United States peaked around 1933; was just about equal to the U. S.-bound migrant stream by 1938; and fell off in 1939–1940. The Jewish case raises several theoretical and methodological issues, including the definition of migrant motivation as well as the framing of immigration policy as products of mixed factors – both political and economic.     

选举援助与民主发展：美国的选举援助对印度尼西亚民主化进程的影响

在印尼民主化进程中,美国为其提供了各种形式的选举援助：支持有关选举的法律和制度建设,支持强化选举管理和选举监督机构的能力;开展和支持印尼的选民教育活动,以培养公民的民主意识;组织开展了选举监督活动,推动印尼重要选举的顺利进行;为印尼政党发展提供支持,促其成为真正民主的政党。美国的选举援助,有助于提高印尼选举的可靠性和可信度,提高以民主方式产生的政府的合法性和权威;有助于培育印尼民众和精英的民主精神和民主素养,提高民众对选举以及民主制度的信心;在很大程度上推动了印尼民主政治发展,有助于印尼实现民主的巩固。