Potential of decentralized wastewater management for urban development: Case of Bangkok

Decentralized wastewater management (DWWM) has recently gained much attention in wastewater management (WWM) due to its build-as-you-go principal. Rapid urban development and the widespread impact of wastewater require sustainable ways to test the DWWM approach. This paper aims to examine and discuss the potential of Bangkok’s current WWM approaches for urban development, focusing on decentralized management approaches. General WWM approaches were examined using case study research methods. Three WWM cases were selected for detailed investigation. Residential wastewater user surveys and expert interviews were used to support system performance findings of service providers and recipients, as well as to draw lessons learned. Results show that DWWM is economically and technically efficient, demonstrating potential for sustainable urban development (SUD) in the study area. The competitive cost found is a result of less sewer line, simple technology, and limited additional costs, while the high efficiency is a result of good operation and maintenance. Also the reclaimed water has been used for landscape irrigation of the urban greenery. Sustainability of the system lies in social value of public amenity it provides, and the urban planning implication that it could be an option for smart growth. The results also show that even in an inner urban area DWWM does not conflict with any SUD considerations. Thus, the study recommends using DWWM for new development within both public and private properties based on Bangkok’s case as part of long-term urban development.     

上海推进“城中村”改造研究

改造"城中村",有利于改善居民居住生活质量,促进城乡统筹发展;有利于盘活存量用地,推进土地的节约、集约利用;有利于改善城乡形象、推进宜居城市建设。上海进一步推进"城中村"改造,须加强领导,推进"城中村"改造的体制机制建设;要均衡各方利益,调动政府、开发商和农民三方的积极性;要摸清底数,对纳入全市统一改造计划内的"城中村"实行目录管理;要因地制宜,针对各个"城中村"不同的情况进行分类指导;要突破创新,建立、健全支持"城中村"改造的政策体系;要营造氛围,形成有利于推进"城中村"改造的良好外部环境。     

Governing Deviance in Public Space through Mayoral Orders: Fields Mismatch and Metropolitan Turbulence

This article addresses the issue of policy change and its consequences on the organizational field and institutional context, looking at the role of an instrument transfer process. We adopt a political sociology approach to policy instruments to account for the impact that the introduction of a securitarian instrument, the mayoral order, had on the implementation process of a social policy. Through a genealogy of the instrument we identify a constitutive, normative and cognitive dimension. Our aim is to explain the interaction between these institutional dimensions, the re‐definition of the organizational field of the policy, and the dynamics of metropolitan politics. Following a synthesis of the policy process and the institutional arrangements where the policy is implemented, we show how the instrument transfer triggered a division within the organizational field, and the rise of institutional tensions amongst local authorities. In the conclusion, we identify the institutional dimensions of the instruments and the policy implementation scale as elements that are to interact with public‐private relationships and institutional arrangements, and that have an impact on implementation process and policy outcome.     

城市空巢老人养老中存在的问题及对策——以苏州为个案

文章以2008年苏州市区老年空巢家庭状况的调查资料为基础,分析了城市空巢老人养老中面临的主要问题,并提出了解决这些问题的对策建议。研究发现,苏州城市空巢老人养老中面临的问题主要有：存在一部分经济相对困难的空巢老人,生病没有钱治是空巢老人最担心的问题之一,空巢老人的社区照料服务需求没有得到很好的满足,部分空巢老人缺乏精神慰藉等等。针对城市空巢老人生活中存在的问题,文章提出了相应的对策建议。     

城镇居民家庭财产性收入研究

 近几年来,我国城镇居民家庭的财产性收入增长迅速,但其占家庭总收入比重还是很低。为实现“让更多群众拥有财产性收入”,提高居民的整体收入水平,本文对城镇居民家庭财产性收入进行系统深入的研究,提出收入——财产（生活型和投资型）——财产性收入三者相联关系的观点,分析近几年我国城镇居民家庭财产和财产性收入的现状和值得关注问题,并发现财产性收入增长受家庭财产、居民个人因素、经济发展、制度安排和投资市场的影响,最后有针对性提出增加城镇居民家庭财产性收入的对策建议。     

城乡统筹发展机理及其战略选择

城乡统筹意味着投资于工业和农业的相同资源所得到的收益之间无显著差异.一个关于投资决策的规划模型显示出:城乡协同发展的条件由市场交易价格、工业产品和农业产品的劳动生产率、工业产品和农业产品生产的投资水平、不同产品生产的专业化程度等参数共同进行刻画和描述,并由此揭示出城乡统筹发展的战略选择.     

城市较高收入群体生育意愿偏高的现象及其理论解释——基于上海的调查

本文通过在上海市闵行区的实地调查结果,同时结合其他研究文献和社会新闻报道的资料,对发达地区较高收入者生育意愿偏高的现象及其特征进行了总结．并利用伊斯特林相对期群假说对这一现象产生的原因进行了理论分析。     

广西北部湾经济区文化发展研究

广西北部湾经济区文化发展是作为国家战略的<广西北部湾经济区发展规划>不可缺少的有机部分.根据文化发展理论与区域文化现状,探索适合北部湾城市群文化发展模式,目标是建设一个经济发达、社会文明、文化繁荣的文化城市群.其核心是,共建文化服务体系、共建文化市场体系、共建文化企业体系、共同配置文化资源、共同制定文化政策、共同实行文化体制改革,为国内中西部地区的文化发展起到示范与引领作用.     

基于“过程-互动-行动”的城市贫困问题分析

随着中国市场化、城市化进程的加快,城市贫困问题越发严重。基于社会学家胡格伟尔特(A.Hoogvelt)的"过程—互动—行动"分析框架,分析了现阶段我国城市贫困问题的新特点及成因,指出贫困问题的加重,一是源于对社会群体福利最大化这一社会目标的偏离,民众,特别是弱势民众没有充分享受到中国宏观经济增长的长处,"宏观上欣欣向荣、微观上民不聊生";二是民主制度的缺失致使弱势群体话语权缺失,没有一个可循的制度安排供城市贫民来表达权益;三是政策实施过程中的政府失灵。对此,文章提出破解城市贫困的制度选择。     

中国城市史研究:源流、现状与前景

中国城市史研究具有悠久的历史文化传统,得到了现代诸多学科发展的推动和新兴的城市史学的影响。当今的中国城市史研究呈现出加速发展的趋势,并形成了城市历史地理和古都研究、城市社会史研究、城市文化史研究、城市经济史研究、比较城市史研究以及城市史学理论研究等热点专题领域。中国城市史研究的未来发展可从城市史学的学科建设、城市史研究视野的拓宽与领域的开拓、城市史的整体研究与跨学科研究等三个方面寻求突破。