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101.
The ethnic regions of Western Chi ̄na are rich in ecological and cultural tourism re ̄sources. At the same time, the regions are also ec ̄ologically vulnerable areas with large populations of ethnic groups who have lived for a long time in poverty. Based on years’ investigation, it is obvi ̄ous that tourism development, even though it can promote local economic development, has had a significant negative impact on the ecology, envi ̄ronment and local communities. During the 18 th and 17 th National Congresses of the Communist Pary of China, a policy was announced to improve ecological compensation and accelerate the estab ̄lishment of an ecological compensation mecha ̄nism. So far, both government and academia have mainly focused on the effects and necessities of building a mechanism for ecological compensation. Of special concern, even if governments at all lev ̄els sequentially enacted a series of policie with cer ̄tain characteristics of ecological compensation, the public is still questioning the impartiality and legit ̄imacy of the charges of such policy of ecological compensation. Thus, the task of implementing the ecological compensation policy faces many obsta ̄cles. At present, the core research issue on eco ̄logical compensation is no longer just the question of why it should be charged. This question was al ̄ready clearly stated in official documents from cen ̄tral government. Up to now, the core issues that need clarification are:in practice, how the charge be made; what amount of money should be charged;how will the revenue from the charge be used;how will the revenue derived from the charge be audited; and whether or not this charge can help to achieve government objectives in such a way.
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy ̄ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi ̄cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi ̄bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im ̄partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus ̄try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi ̄cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research ̄ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in ̄dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al ̄though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in ̄dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu ̄ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen ̄sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri ̄cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over ̄seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re ̄search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de ̄fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec ̄ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re ̄gions of Western China, and by especially empha ̄sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu ̄tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti ̄tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic ̄tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop ̄ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization. 相似文献
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy ̄ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi ̄cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi ̄bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im ̄partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus ̄try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi ̄cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research ̄ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in ̄dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al ̄though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in ̄dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu ̄ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen ̄sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri ̄cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over ̄seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re ̄search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de ̄fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec ̄ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re ̄gions of Western China, and by especially empha ̄sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu ̄tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti ̄tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic ̄tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop ̄ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization. 相似文献
102.
岳中生 《洛阳理工学院学报(社会科学版)》2012,(5):57-61
以《寻隐者不遇》为例,从叙事视角、叙事方式、叙事结构、叙事策略和叙事意象等方面来考查原文的叙事要素和叙事特征,在对比WitterBynner,BurtonWatson,吴钧陶,王大濂,孙大雨,万昌盛、王倘中,许渊冲等译者的七个英译文本叙事翻译质量的基础上,进行叙事翻译补偿。 相似文献
103.
杨连专 《洛阳理工学院学报(社会科学版)》2012,(5):85-91
侵权行为的结果是权益的损害,损害既包括物质损失,又包括精神损害。精神损害的核心是精神痛苦,精神痛苦的严重程度是衡量能否请求精神损害赔偿以及赔偿数额的重要参考。精神痛苦的根源是受害人欲望满足的受挫或受阻,精神痛苦强度由欲望满足状况与受挫或受阻程度决定并与其成正比。 相似文献
104.
本文试图从国际政治经济学的视角考察全球化之动力与反冲。全球化既造就了赢家,也产生了输家。有理由认为,那些从全球化进程中获益相对较多的国家或社会群体,将成为全球化的坚定支持者,从而推动进一步的开放。反之,那些因全球化而受损的国家和群体,很可能成为全球化的反对力量。尽管如此,赢家与输家的分野并非一成不变。如果各国政府能够以行之有效的政策手段来调和赢家与输家之间的分歧和对抗,那么全球化面临的反对力量就有可能被转化为动力。 相似文献
105.
盛劲松 《长江大学学报(社会科学版)》2006,29(1):51-54
精神损害赔偿的主要功能在于填补受害人因此而受到的损害,使其得到抚慰,以便能开始新生活。因此,精神损害赔偿应本着“全面赔偿损害”的原则,不能脱离实际人为地限定数额。 相似文献
106.
从实体法角度来看,《合同法》第402条在法律适用上的漏洞,应以目的性扩张的方法完成漏洞之补充。其次,在仲裁程序中漏洞补充的实现也会遇到的一定的程序性障碍,应通过对仲裁规则的修改,达到解决这一问题的目的。 相似文献
107.
“私服”、“外挂”行为严重威胁和冲击着网络游戏产业的健康发展。界定了“私服”、“外挂’’行为,指出了“私服”、“外挂”行为的危害性.并在此基础上进一步研究了“私服”、“外挂”行为构成要件内容的特殊性、承担民事责任的方式和损害赔偿数额的确定,最后提出了“私服”、“外挂”的立法建议。这有利于网络游戏产业的健康发展,净化网络文化环境,打击“私服”、“外挂”行为。 相似文献
108.
钱叶卫 《中华女子学院学报》2009,21(3):34-38
对非婚同居性行为引发的损害赔偿问题,从女性当事人角度可以区分为两种类型,一种是男方以恋爱结婚为由欺骗女方同居的,即女方受蒙蔽同居的;另一种是女方知晓对方感情、身体状况和同居目的而自愿同居的,即双方完全自愿同居的。对前者,男方应对女方损害赔偿结果承担侵权责任;对后者,男方应分担相应的性行为损害后果。 相似文献
109.
张磊 《重庆邮电学院学报(社会科学版)》2010,(3):31-33,64
刑事附带民事诉讼是我国一项特殊且重要的诉讼制度,在司法实践中很有必要。然而,由于立法的不完善且随着人们对诉讼引发的深入研究和我国诉讼法实践的不断发展,此制度的弊端也不断暴露出来,引起了众多的争议。因此,有必要适时地对这一程序制度进行修改,使之具有科学性、合理性和可操作性,以充分体现诉讼效益原则和诉讼经济原则,实现刑事审判理论和实际的有效统一。 相似文献
110.
安辉 《北京邮电大学学报(社会科学版)》2010,12(4):25-29
在模拟技术条件下,版权与复制相安无事,版权基本能涵盖所有的复制问题。但随着数字技术的运用和网络的普及,大量作品可以随意复制,版权对复制的约束在网络环境下面临新的挑战。通过介绍网络环境下私人复制的论争,探讨私人复制的定位,解析我国著作权法对私人复制的规定及不足,提出了完善我国网络环境下私人复制制度的相关措施,以期对解决司法实践中存在的相关问题有所帮助。 相似文献