论机场噪音损害赔偿的责任主体

我国机场噪音损害赔偿立法对责任主体制度的建构存在严重缺漏,法规体系多重“防治”而疏忽“补偿”。机场噪音损害责任主体是机场噪音损害赔偿制度体系建构的核心问题。从机场噪音产生的原因上探讨相关主体的赔偿责任是较为现实可行之道。航空公司应依据“无过错责任原则”承担赔偿责任,责任承担方式可通过其向机场缴纳的起降费中增加噪音防治费予以落实。机场应基于“过错推定原则”承担噪音损害赔偿责任,但因目前机场权属与管理的多样复杂性,具体的责任承担可具体分析。作为机场和周边建筑的规划方、建设方、环评方和审批方等相关部门单位,应依据“过错推定原则”对机场噪音损害承担连带赔偿责任。     

城镇化进程中农村征地补偿制度的构建

改革开放以来.随着我国经济飞速发展,城镇化进程不断加快,大量的农村土地被征用,许多农民失去了赖以生存的土地.对于失地农民而言,唯一能保障其生活就是土地征用补偿.但是,在我国现行的土地征用补偿制度下,许多农民却出现"征地返贫"的现象.审视我国现行的土地征用补偿制度,其存在一系列问题,应当从将市场因素导入补偿标准、提高土地征用补偿标准、扩大补偿范围、丰富补偿方式等方面完善土地征用补偿制度.     

提高劳动报酬在初次分配中比重的几点思考

十七大报告提出要提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重,这对当前我国市场经济下收入分配体制改革具有重要指导意义。提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重,有利于贯彻按劳分配原则,有助于实现初次分配的公平性,有助于缩小收入差距,有助于增加劳动者的收入。要提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重,需要劳动者和政府顺应市场经济的要求共同努力。     

论刑事附带民事诉讼中的精神损害赔偿

我国现行法律对刑事附带民事诉讼中公民的精神利益保护不力,因此尽快确立刑事附带民事诉讼中的精神损害赔偿是非常必要的。完善刑事附带民事诉讼中精神损害赔偿制度,应将民法和刑法两极保护紧密相连,并要明确扩大精神损害赔偿的范围,扩大提起精神损害赔偿主诉的主体范围以及加害人的能力、赔偿数额等一系列相关问题。     

试论离婚之精神损害赔偿制度

离婚之精神损害有离因精神损害和离婚精神损害两种.前者是夫妻一方对另一方构成侵权行为而导致离婚,从而给一方造成精神痛苦,受害方可请求精神损害赔偿.我国新的<婚姻法>确立了这一精神损害赔偿制度,填补了我国婚姻制度的一个空缺.而后者是夫妻一方对另一方并无侵权行为,离婚本身即为构成精神损害之直接原因,如由于第三者插足、婚外恋、夫妻一方被判处徒刑等.这种离婚同样使一方受到精神损害,自然也应得精神损害赔偿.遗憾的是,新的<婚姻法>并未作此规定.因此,要完善我国离婚之精神损害赔偿制度,不仅要使离婚之精神损失赔偿的权利义务主体进一步扩大,把第三者也作为离婚之精神损害赔偿的义务主体,而且还要将离因精神损害赔偿扩大到离婚精神损害赔偿,将因婚外恋、第三者插足、因配偶一方犯罪而被判入狱和其他原因导致离婚的情况作出规定,使精神受害者得到应有的经济救济和补偿.     

论职业病病人的人身损害补偿与赔偿请求权--以《职业病防治法》第58、59条规定为中心

职业病病人的人身损害通常具有缓发性、不可逆等特质。《职业病防治法》第58、59条分别规定了工伤保险待遇给付请求权和人身损害赔偿请求权。工伤保险待遇在本质上属于人身损害补偿,如要实现损害之全部填补,职业病病人可以选择从契约关系、侵权行为、保险契约、法律之特别规定等视角,以仲裁或诉讼方式请求用人单位予以人身损害赔偿。     

从实务案例出发谈债务加入的认定方式与追偿问题

关于债务加入虽然我国法律上并无明文规定,但自“苏高发审委[2005]16号纪要”首先提出来之后,无论是法学理论上还是法律实务上均成为讨论和应用的热点。笔者以审判实践中遇到的一种特殊情况为出发点,旨在通过争议焦点分析的方式对债权人做出的替保证人还款这一情况应认定为债务加入,并以案例分析的方式系统的展示债务加入的认定方式,并在最后分析了债务加入人履行了债务之后应如何追偿的问题,希望能够作为在实务中分析认定债务加入的有效借鉴。     

西部民族地区旅游生态补偿政策实施的实践探索

The ethnic regions of Western Chi￣na are rich in ecological and cultural tourism re￣sources. At the same time, the regions are also ec￣ologically vulnerable areas with large populations of ethnic groups who have lived for a long time in poverty. Based on years’ investigation, it is obvi￣ous that tourism development, even though it can promote local economic development, has had a significant negative impact on the ecology, envi￣ronment and local communities. During the 18 th and 17 th National Congresses of the Communist Pary of China, a policy was announced to improve ecological compensation and accelerate the estab￣lishment of an ecological compensation mecha￣nism. So far, both government and academia have mainly focused on the effects and necessities of building a mechanism for ecological compensation. Of special concern, even if governments at all lev￣els sequentially enacted a series of policie with cer￣tain characteristics of ecological compensation, the public is still questioning the impartiality and legit￣imacy of the charges of such policy of ecological compensation. Thus, the task of implementing the ecological compensation policy faces many obsta￣cles. At present, the core research issue on eco￣logical compensation is no longer just the question of why it should be charged. This question was al￣ready clearly stated in official documents from cen￣tral government. Up to now, the core issues that need clarification are:in practice, how the charge be made; what amount of money should be charged;how will the revenue from the charge be used;how will the revenue derived from the charge be audited; and whether or not this charge can help to achieve government objectives in such a way.
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy￣ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi￣cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi￣bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im￣partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus￣try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi￣cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research￣ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in￣dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al￣though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in￣dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu￣ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen￣sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri￣cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over￣seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re￣search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de￣fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec￣ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re￣gions of Western China, and by especially empha￣sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu￣tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti￣tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic￣tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop￣ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization.     

《寻隐者不遇》的叙事翻译补偿

以《寻隐者不遇》为例,从叙事视角、叙事方式、叙事结构、叙事策略和叙事意象等方面来考查原文的叙事要素和叙事特征,在对比WitterBynner,BurtonWatson,吴钧陶,王大濂,孙大雨,万昌盛、王倘中,许渊冲等译者的七个英译文本叙事翻译质量的基础上,进行叙事翻译补偿。     

精神痛苦的定性与定量分析

侵权行为的结果是权益的损害,损害既包括物质损失,又包括精神损害。精神损害的核心是精神痛苦,精神痛苦的严重程度是衡量能否请求精神损害赔偿以及赔偿数额的重要参考。精神痛苦的根源是受害人欲望满足的受挫或受阻,精神痛苦强度由欲望满足状况与受挫或受阻程度决定并与其成正比。