Aggregation and Market Demand: An Exterior Differential Calculus Viewpoint

We analyze under which conditions a given vector field can be disaggregated as a linear combination of gradients. This problem is typical of aggregation theory, as illustrated by the literature on the characterization of aggregate market demand and excess demand. We argue that exterior differential calculus provides very useful tools to address these problems. In particular, we show, using these techniques, that any analytic mapping in Rⁿ satisfying Walras Law can be locally decomposed as the sum of n individual, utility-maximizing market demand functions. In addition, we show that the result holds for arbitrary (price-dependent) income distributions, and that the decomposition can be chosen such that it varies continuously with the mapping. Finally, when income distribution can be freely chosen, then decomposition requires only n/2 agents.     

Assessment of supplier performance based on product-development strategy by applying multi-granularity linguistic term sets

Measuring supplier performance possesses the properties of multi-dimension and multi-scale, it increases the complexity of the aggregation and assessment process. A focal company must develop an effective procedure for overcoming the complexity of performance measurement. Furthermore, the assessment of supplier performance must conform to the product-developed strategy of the focal company. This study is a further research deeper into the concept already introduced in Chang et al. [1] [Applying fuzzy linguistic quantifier to select supply chain partners at different phases of product life cycle. International Journal of Production Economics 2006; 100(2):348–59]; using multi-granularity linguistic variable and numerical ration scale to represent the overall supply performance. By unifying the derived information, the measurement complexity could be resolved. The fuzzy preference was constructed to adjust the consistent direction and transform information into fuzzy relationship. Finally, fuzzy linguistic quantifier guided ordered weighted aggregation (FLQG-OWA) operator with maximal entropy was computed and aggregated with all indicators to meet the current policy of the focal company.     

科技型人才聚集中的隐性知识扩散特征研究

知识扩散是影响人才聚集效应产生和区域经济发展的关键因素之一。在分析科技型人才聚集和隐性知识扩散的基础上,研究了科技型人才聚集中的隐性知识扩散的以下特征：扩散系统非线性动力特征、扩散机制的多样性和综合性、知识扩散与知识创新的两难困境和扩散的偏好特征等。为促进隐性知识的有效扩散和增强科技型人才聚集效应提供一定的理论基础。     

第二代互联网的民意价值研究

以用户参与为本质的第二代互联网(Web2.0),以其开放性、真实性、自组织性、聚合性等特性为网络民意表达注入了新元素。相对于第一代互联网,第二代互联网赋予民意表达的价值主要体现在真实与聚合两个方面。真实性强化了网络民意的理性程度,聚合性有效提高信噪比,从而缓解了网络民意过于零散的状态。     

基于VIKOR和诱导广义直觉梯形模糊Choquet积分算子的多属性群决策方法

针对属性值为直觉梯形模糊数,决策者间和属性间存在相互关联的多属性群决策问题,引入模糊测度和Choquet积分的概念,在直觉梯形模糊数的运算法则基础上构建了诱导型广义直觉梯形模糊choquet积分平均(IG-ITFCA)算子和诱导型广义直觉梯形模糊choquet积分几何(IG-ITFCG)算子,探讨上述算子的若干性质及一些特例,进而提出了基于诱导型广义直觉梯形模糊Choquet积分算子和多准则妥协优化解(VIKOR)的直觉梯形模糊多属性群决策方法。实例分析验证该方法的有效性和合理性。     

Information Aggregation in Dynamic Markets With Strategic Traders

This paper studies information aggregation in dynamic markets with a finite number of partially informed strategic traders. It shows that, for a broad class of securities, information in such markets always gets aggregated. Trading takes place in a bounded time interval, and in every equilibrium, as time approaches the end of the interval, the market price of a “separable” security converges in probability to its expected value conditional on the traders' pooled information. If the security is “non‐separable,” then there exists a common prior over the states of the world and an equilibrium such that information does not get aggregated. The class of separable securities includes, among others, Arrow–Debreu securities, whose value is 1 in one state of the world and 0 in all others, and “additive” securities, whose value can be interpreted as the sum of traders' signals.     

美国沿太平洋经济带人才集聚主要原因的历史探析

本文主要以加利福尼亚和硅谷为例,论述开发较晚,人才匮乏的美国太平洋沿岸是如何成为人才集聚的新兴经济带的。认为历史机遇、政策导向、事业平台是最主要的原因。其次,美国技术边疆开拓者的创新精神和吸引凝聚力起了重要作用。     

河北省城市化带动产业集聚机制研究

产业集聚是产生规模经济和形成区域核心竞争力的重要因素,城市化对产业集聚具有推动作用。本文研究了城市化带动产业集聚理论,实证城市化带动产业集聚的作用并分析出城市化带动产业集聚存在的问题,提出基于加快城市化进程带动产业集聚发展的路径。     

Definition and aggregation of a performance measurement system in three aeronautical workshops using the ECOGRAI method

The requirement for a performance measurement system is essential in order to know the status of the production system and then to improve its control. Focused on research on the control of production systems for 20 years with the development of GRAI methodology, the LAPS/GRAI of University Bordeaux 1 worked for more than 10 years on the definition and the implementation of performance indicator systems through the development of ECOGRAI method and on the aggregation of performance. This paper presents an application of the ECOGRAI method to a workshop inside an aeronautical subcontracting company close to Bordeaux. The first part of the paper will be dedicated to a short presentation of the ECOGRAI method. In particular, we will present six phases of the structured approach and the main tools which are used in the method: the GRAI grid, the coherence panel and the specification sheet and the identity card of the indicators. In the second part, we will present a test case. First, we will present the context of the test case and the objectives that we had to meet. Then we will present the models of the control system and of the physical system through the GRAI grid and actigrams. We will show how we proposed to model the global control of the company and the detailed control of each workshop. Then, we will focus particularly on the way we have identified the performance indicators, based on the objectives and decision variables of the GRAI grid. We will also show how we solved the problem of aggregation of performance in relation to the coordination of decision-making. In the third part, we will detail how we ensured that these indicators were adapted to the control of the workshop and how we ensured their consistency. Finally, we will show to what extent the implementation of the coherent performance indicator system had an impact on the organization and the running of the workshop.     

科技型人才聚集的人力资本价值分析

科技型人才是人力资源中最优秀的群体之一,他们在流动过程中往往会在一定的区域或产业形成人才聚集现象。在论述人力成本和收益的基础上,对科技型人才聚集过程中的人力资本价值进行了分析,并且通过投入与收益现值的比较,对人才聚集后的效应作出评价。