定语与谓语的语篇功能研究

从语篇的角度研究定语和谓语的功能,对语言事实的考察和分析证明两者之间存在着功能对立:定语是个语篇自足的位置,处在这个位置的语义成分不直接推动语篇的发展,而是充当后景,为下文的发展作铺垫或提供暗示;谓语是一个语篇非自足的位置,处在这个位置的语义成分直接推动语篇朝着与自身紧密相关的方向发展,其作用是充当前景。定、谓语语篇功能对立规律是语篇组织的一个重要规律,对人们认识语篇有着重要意义。     

诉讼证据概念与特征新论

诉讼证据概念和特征一直以来都是证据法学界争议较多的问题之一。传统证据概念中的“事实说”以及刑诉法修正案草案中的“材料说”都值得商榷;传统诉讼证据特征中的客观性、关联性、合法性并非诉讼证据之特征,而是诉讼证据成为定案根据的要件或标准。在概念上,诉讼证据应定义为刑事诉讼控辩双方、民事和行政诉讼原被告双方当事人在诉讼过程中用以证明自己诉讼主张的根据;由此,诉讼证据的基本特征应采四性说,即诉讼证明性、诉讼当事人性、案件信息承载性和诉讼时效性。     

属性值为区间数的多属性决策对象排序研究

多属性决策问题的实质利用已有决策信息,通过一定方式对备选方案进行排序和择优。针对属性值为区间数的多属性决策对象排序问题,首先,提出决策对象优势关系这一概念,再次,得出决策对象的优势关系与其属性值两端点的实数值之和存在等价关系;最后,利用属性值为区间数的多属性决策实例对该算法进行了实例分析,并利用优势关系对决策对象进行排序并择优。     

基于用户偏好的垂直搜索算法

提出并研究、实现了基于用户偏好的垂直搜索算法(PVSA)。以领域特征为基本出发点,PVSA借助领域主题偏好向量、领域元数据权重因子、检索名词差异化、行业词典库更新等4项策略,有效地挖掘、表征用户的领域个性化偏好,以此为基础构建基于用户偏好的垂直搜索算法。实验结果表明了PVSA算法的有效性和可行性。     

论补强规则的理论依据——以英美法系的法律制度为视角

当前补强证据规则已经具有不再局限于刑事法领域的整体意义和价值了,但学术界对补强规则所内含的基本内容之理解还极其混乱,并影响了对补强规则的理解和执行,制约补强规则体系的建立与完善.补强规则理论依据的研究,直接影响对补强规则之属性的理解,从而成为理解补强规则具体内容的基础.通过分析英美的具体补强证据规则,可以断言补强证据规则的依据都是特定的社会政策,社会政策可以为立法概括的属性,决定补强规则应当是证据能力规则.     

建筑企业承包商选择的综合评价方法研究

传统的建筑行业选择承包商时主观的成分过多,且多集中在承包商的价格、资质等方面,尚未形成全面的评价指标体系。针对承包商选择中存在的不足,从复杂系统的角度出发,构建了建筑企业承包商选择的综合评价指标体系。该体系包含了承包商的社会影响力、技术能力、工程管理能力、市场开拓与营销能力、融资与财务能力和资源管理能力等指标,使评价体系更合理全面。同时采用熵权法确定指标的权重,尽量消除人为因素干扰。     

基于可变权重的DEA效率评价模型

传统DEA模型将投入、产出权重视为固定变量。为了更合理地对决策单元的效率进行评价,本文研究了如何将有关投入、产出变量的权重的更多信息融入效率评价模型,提出了可变权重的概念,给出了一种基于可变权重的DEA效率评价模型。本文模型是CCR模型的推广。在有关权重信息可得的前提下,本文模型较之CCR模型中效率评价上更为合理。但是,如何准确度量投入、产出权重并将其函数化,是本文方法应用的难点。一个算例分析演示了本文模型。     

The Status of Nutrition Education in ACHA College and University Health Centers

Abstract

An assessment of the prevalence and scope of nutrition services offered through 208 randomly selected American College Health Association member student health centers revealed that 79% of the 160 respondents provided some type of nutrition education for students. One-to-one counseling, available at 96% of the institutions, was the most common approach. The larger the school's enrollment, the more likely it was to provide programs in nutrition. All of the institutions with student populations of more than 35,000 offered some type of nutrition service, as did 52% of the 19 schools with enrollments between 2,000 and 5,000. Health educators, nurses, doctors, dietitians, and trained peer educators provided the services, with registered dietitians the most common providers and often coordinators of the programs. Costs to students for nutrition interventions were nominal; weightmanagement programs were the most expensive and showed the greatest variation in content.     

Energy Drinks,Weight Loss,and Disordered Eating Behaviors

Abstract

Objective: The present study examined energy drink consumption and relations with weight loss attempts and behaviors, body image, and eating disorders. Participants/Methods: This is a secondary analysis using data from 856 undergraduate students who completed the American College Health Association–National College Health Assessment II confidentially online during February 2012. Results: This study revealed that the majority reported lifetime consumption of energy drinks (68.4%) and a substantial minority (30.2%) reported past-30-day consumption. Chi-square and t test results suggest that consumption is associated with concerns about personal appearance, weight loss attempts, and disordered eating behaviors (eg, vomiting). Hierarchical logistic regressions revealed that after controlling for demographics, the relations between energy drink consumption and the act of trying to lose weight, the use of diet pills, and the use of vomiting/laxatives remained significant. Conclusions: The current findings suggest that energy drink consumption is associated with weight loss attempts, poor body image, and unhealthy weight loss behaviors. Future research should examine the prevalence of energy drink consumption for the purpose of weight loss.     

Selected Health Behaviors That Influence College Freshman Weight Change

Objective and Participants: The authors investigated the effect of physical activity (PA), fruit and vegetable intake, and alcohol use on 6-month weight change in 193 college freshmen (78.8% white, 88.2% women, 94.5% on a meal plan). Methods: The authors administered a Web-based survey in fall 2002 (baseline) and spring 2003 (follow-up). Results: There was an overall average weight gain of 2.5 lbs (p < .05), although only 57% reported weight gain (M = 7.1 lbs). Fruit and vegetable intake decreased (p = .034), alcohol use increased (p > .05), and PA was unchanged. Weight gain for students with body mass indexes (BMI) ≥25 kg/m² was nearly twice that of students with BMIs < 25 (p < .05). Students with low-frequency baseline PA were twice as likely to be overweight. Follow-up data showed that students reporting ≥ 4 sessions per week (ie, high frequency) of low-intensity PA were twice as likely to have healthy BMIs as students engaging in low- and moderate-frequency PA. Conclusions: PA interventions should target freshmen with BMIs ≥ 25.