政治宽容：概念的厘定

政治宽容不是一种美德,它是一种允许不同政见存在并使它们得以和平共存的政治手段,其本质是建立和维护有利于政治统治与管理和谐的政治秩序。政治宽容的限度为宪法规定。据此政治宽容概念可界定为：政治宽容是政治权力主体在宪法范围内,通过尊重和保障政治权力对象的政治自由与权利,允许不同政见的存在并使它们得以和平共存,以实现有利于政治统治与管理和谐的政治秩序的一种政治手段。     

关于网络虚拟财产的民法思考

近年来,有关网络虚拟财产的民事纠纷不断发生,但是我国的相关立法尚不健全。分析了网络虚拟财产的法律属性,认为网络虚拟财产同时具备物权和债权的属性,并呼吁我国网络虚拟财产急需立法保护。     

复合免疫刺激物——大肠杆菌苗的研制及效力测定

采用对比试验方法 ,以小白鼠为实验动物 ,进行了复合免疫刺激物———大肠杆菌苗的研制及效力测定。结果表明 :试验组菌苗的保护率为 84 .6 2 % ,高于对照组、氢氧化铝胶苗组 5 3.85 %(P <0 .0 5 )、蜂胶佐剂苗组 5 8.33% (P <0 .0 5 )、空白对照组 38.4 6 % (P <0 .0 1) ;试验组小白鼠的增重率为 2 7.5 2 % ,高于对照组氢氧化铝胶苗组 2 2 .31% (P <0 .0 1)、蜂胶佐剂苗组 2 3.98% (P <0 .0 1)、空白对照组 17.2 2 % (P <0 .0 1) ;试验组免疫器官指数为 8.0 1% ,高于空白对照组 7.6 7% (P <0 .0 1)与铝胶苗组 7.96 % (P >0 .0 5 )。表明该复合免疫刺激物———大肠杆菌苗的免疫效力较好 ,复合免疫刺激物具有较强的免疫增强力 ,是一种较好的免疫佐剂。     

提高体育考试权重扭转学生体质下降趋势

本文以博弈论为工具分析体质健康利益各方，得出“片面追求升学率”是动态博弈的必然结果。在考试招生制度变动不大预期下，建议加大体质健康测评在各级考试招生中的权重，以扭转学生体质下降趋势。     

An additive subdistribution hazard model for competing risks data

The cumulative incidence function plays an important role in assessing its treatment and covariate effects with competing risks data. In this article, we consider an additive hazard model allowing the time-varying covariate effects for the subdistribution and propose the weighted estimating equation under the covariate-dependent censoring by fitting the Cox-type hazard model for the censoring distribution. When there exists some association between the censoring time and the covariates, the proposed coefficients’ estimations are unbiased and the large-sample properties are established. The finite-sample properties of the proposed estimators are examined in the simulation study. The proposed Cox-weighted method is applied to a competing risks dataset from a Hodgkin's disease study.     

混合学习法前向网络多属性储层参数预测

应用前向网络描述地震属性和储层参数间的非线性映射关系时，经典的误差反向传播算法存在收敛速度慢，易陷入局部极值等诸多不足。研究了融合粒子群优化算法和误差反向传播算法的混合学习法前向网络多属性储层参数预测技术。粒子群优化算法是一种群体随机搜索演化计算技术，具有较快的收敛速度和较强的全局搜寻能力；误差反向传播算法本质上是梯度下降算法，注重局部搜索。混合学习法为两种学习算法交替执行，首先以粒子群优化算法训练网络，当误差能量在规定的迭代次数内不再发生变化时，采用误差反向传播算法实现局部寻优。理论函数逼近测试和实际储层参数预测实验说明了混合学习法具有学习时间短、求解效率高、可靠性强的优点，具有良好的应用前景。     

Normative Beliefs as Risk Factors for Involvement in Unhealthy Weight Control Behavior

Objective: The authors' aim in this study was to determine, after adjustment for the effects of body mass index and sociodemographic measures, whether sex-specific weight control norms would have significant independent relationships with the weight control behavior of college women and men. Participants: The authors used an anonymous questionnaire to assess a sample of 470 college students, aged 18 to 26 years, attending either a 2- year community college or a 4-year public university. Methods: To calculate body mass index, the authors objectively measured the height and weight of each participant. They conducted separate discriminant function analyses for women and men. Results: The discriminant function analyses clearly indicated that weight control norms of same-sex, close friends were the best discriminators of involvement in weight control. Conclusions: The findings indicate that perceived peer norms may be important but overlooked risk factors for engaging in unhealthy weight control practices. The authors discuss the implications of these findings in the context of student health promotion.     

Behavior Change and the Freshman 15: Tracking Physical Activity and Dietary Patterns in 1st-Year University Women

Objective and Participants: The authors assessed the stability of diet and physical activity and their relationship to weight changes in first-year university women. Methods: They collected anthropometric and body composition data from 101 resident women at the beginning of their first year of college and again at 12 months. The authors obtained physical activity and dietary logs 4 times throughout the year. Results: Caloric intake decreased over 12 months in all participants (p = .01). There was little change in physical activity in participants who lost weight (p = .73, d = .18). Those who gained weight experienced a trend toward decreased physical activity (p = .13, d = .38). A significant Time X Group interaction on physical activity (p = .04) suggests that physical activity patterns differed substantially between individuals who gained weight and those who lost weight. Conclusions: Reduction in physical activity appears to be the defining characteristic in freshman weight gain.     

Wavelet density estimation for negatively associated stratified size-biased sample

This paper provides upper bounds of wavelet estimations on L^p (1≤p<∞) risk for a density function in Besov spaces based on negatively associated stratified size-biased random samples. It turns out that the classical theorem of Donoho, Johnstone, Kerkyacharian and Picard is completely extended to more general cases. More precisely, we consider the model with multiplication noise and allow the sample negatively associated. Our theory is illustrated with a simulation study.     

Max-min DEA模型及效率讨价还价均衡解

建立一类新的DEA模型,即Max-min DEA模型.该模型通过最大化最小效率单元的效率,结合了自评与互评的思路,在一定程度上克服了仅仅采用自评思想的经典DEA模型的缺陷.文中Max-min均衡模型问题在于保护“弱小”单元的同时,有可能损害其它单元的效率.为克服该问题,文章通过Nash讨价还价模型求解Max-min均衡模型与CCR模型的讨价均衡解.最后用算例进行了演示计算.