生产还是消费——中国股市生产资本资产定价模型实证检验

生产资本资产定价模型从企业利润最大化角度出发,推出资产的均衡价格.相较于消费资本资产定价模型,生产资本资产定价模型能更好的满足信息完全和决策者理性的假设条件.本文从生产资本资产定价模型出发,利用现值模型将生产的系统性风险因子,即生产的贝塔因子分解为现金流贝塔和折现率贝塔,并采用社会总投资和股市数据进行实证检验.本文发现生产-现金流贝塔是中国股市的重要定价因子,可较好地解释股权溢价的截面差异.相比之下,消费资本资产定价模型对不同资产之间风险溢价的解释能力较弱.     

Can the minimum living standard guarantee scheme enable the poor to escape the poverty trap in rural China?

The rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee (Dibao) Scheme is the most important social assistance programme in rural China. However, how the rural Dibao programme affects household expenditures and whether it can enable the poor to escape the poverty trap are questions that remain largely unexplored. This study used data from the 2012 Rural Household Survey in China to investigate the impact of the rural Dibao programme on household expenditures. We found that the programme significantly improved the well‐being of low‐income households. Particularly, the programme significantly increased household expenditures on housing, education and health; furthermore, the impact was greater for households with educated household heads. However, the programme did not significantly affect household expenditures on food, transportation or farming inputs. The results imply that participation in the rural Dibao programme induces household investment in human capital, which could help to break the inter‐generational transmission of poverty and raise long‐run welfare.     

网络购物中“好评返现”行为的法律规制

网络购物中“好评返现”行为包括显性的好评返现和隐性的好评返现两种形式.它是代替“花钱买虚假好评”的一种新型竞争方式.然而,它确属于一种不正当竞争行为.经营者采取“好评返现”行为侵犯消费者的知情权,给消费者附加不合理的条件.经营者利用“好评返现”行为进行虚假宣传和不当的附赠促销,对经营者自身和消费者都产生了不良影响.为了维护良好的市场竞争机制,首先,应该完善相关的法律禁止这种行为,其次,完善网络购物平台和加强消费者的责任意识,使之失去存在的空间.     

论我国股份公司财务管理的目标和任务

西方财务管理的目标经历了由利润最大化到股东财富最大化，再演变为股票市价最高化的过程。本文将西方财务管理理论与我国财务管理实践紧密结合，提出了我国股份公司财务管理的目标是每期现金股利最大化的观点，并阐述了实现上述财务目标的任务。     

中国基本养老保险的新模式

中国基本养老保险制度采取“统账结合”模式,其中“统筹账户”对应着待遇确定型现收现付制;“个人账户”对应着缴费确定型基金制。通过澄清学术界对于筹资方式与给付方式的混淆,结合关于养老保险模式的全球化争论和我国“统账结合”制度的现状,得出结论：观收现付的筹资方式目前仍适应,中国传统的基本养老保险制度的关键制约因素在于给付方式的不合理,因此建议借鉴瑞典的名义缴费确定型现收现付制,这样相关的问题都可以顺利解决。     

投资机会集与股利政策关系的实证研究

投资机会集(investment opportunity set)代表了企业因行使未来投资决策的选择权而形成的企业价值。采用投资机会集计量成长性,研究企业成长性即IOS与我国现金股利支付水平和股票股利支付水平的相关关系,国内尚不多见。实证结果表明,投资机会集较好地反映了公司的成长潜力,而且与现金股利支付水平显著负相关,与股票股利显著正相关。     

Designing a Programme to Support Smallholder Agriculture in Mexico: Lessons from PROCAMPO and Oportunidades

This article argues that there is a gap in current Mexican rural development policy that could be filled by a smallholder‐targeted programme. The gap exists because agricultural programmes tend to benefit better‐off farmers, while social programmes tend to focus on long‐term investment in human capital, specifically for the children of today's poor. Drawing on lessons from PROCAMPO and Oportunidades, it offers a specific design for such a programme at a time when the government is considering how to reform PROCAMPO, given that, after 15 years, it is due to come to an end.     

The impact of cash-benefit reform on parents’ labour force participation

This paper evaluates the impact of a recent Norwegian family-policy reform. The reform provides benefits of up to NOK 3,000 (approximately € 400) per month to families with one- to three-year-old children, who do not utilize state-subsidized day-care centres. We investigate the reforms effect on parents labour force participation. We find that, on average, the reform reduced womens labour force participation and increased the specialization of work between couples. We find that the effect of the reform depends on womens schooling. Specifically, the labour force participation of highly educated mothers fell by more than that of mothers with less education.I am grateful to Associate Professor Espen Bratberg and Professor Alf Erling for their valuable comments. My special thanks to Kjell Vaage, Arild Aakvik and Afsane Bjorvatn for helpful suggestions. This paper was presented in a seminar at the Department of Economics, University of Bergen, Norway. I am thankful to the participants of the seminar for their positive feedback. The paper has also benefited from the reports given by three anonymous referees. I am also thankful to Professor Heather Joshi for helpful remarks on the paper. Responsible editor: Christoph M. Schmidt.     

现金流量表编制方法改进设想

根据《企业会计准则 -现金流量表》的要求 ,企业在编制现金流量表时应采用直接法报告经营活动现金流量 ,传统的直接法有工作底稿法和 T形帐户法 ,在这两种方法的操作中都要面对费脑筋的“调整分录”和“分析填列”,难度高、工作量大、自动化程度低 ,缺乏普及和实用性 ,而代码日记法则能克服这些缺陷 ,体现了简便易行的特点     

现金流量表相关指标分析

现金流量表作为企业法定编报的三张报表之一 ,对于债权人、股东及企业管理者分析企业的经营状况而言 ,具有重要的意义。本文重点阐述了现金流量表相关指标的分析。