从明示-推理交际模式谈关联理论

关联理论从认知学的角度阐述并修正了Grice的会话理论 ,提出语言交际是一个认知过程 ,即明示 -推理模式 ,从而给语用学研究开拓了新的视野。从比较Grice的会话理论和关联理论入手 ,着重论述了关联理论的基本内容以及明示 -推理模式在理解话语内涵上所具有的积极意义。关联理论被证实是十分强有力的 ,它解释了大量有关语言理解和语言认知的问题。此外 ,它还对认知科学、语言学、语言哲学领域都产生了深刻的影响     

汉语语篇研究的几个问题

文章在总结主要成果的基础上,勾勒出汉语语篇研究的框架,并提出了一些亟待解决的问题。具体包括以下几个部分:语篇和语篇特征;语篇单位;微观结构;宏观结构;语篇语境。     

法学专业开展双语教学的必要性及方法

双语教学是指能在学校里使用第二语言或外语进行各门学科的教学.从我国法律复合型专业人才匮乏的现状和法律英语的独特性来看,极有必要在法学专业开展双语教学,采用图表及案例教学方法,在学习法律的同时也精通了法律英语.     

拉尔夫·张的心路历程——谈《典型的美国人》的成长主题

本文从成长小说的理论角度解读美籍华裔作家任碧莲的长篇小说<典型的美国人>,分析了主人公拉尔夫·张在美国多元文化语境中的成长过程及其流变的文化身份,以及他在成长过程中的引路人形象,旨在说明其成长经历对华裔移民在多元文化语境中的成长具有普遍意义.     

A critical exploration of the school context for young adolescents completing primary education

Many schools have adopted relational approaches to attend to the social context in which learning transpires. More recently however, such approaches and their supporters have been criticized for not examining the school context in its entirety and the student experience within this context. The current research sought to critically explore young adolescents’ experiences within the context of their school. Fifteen year seven students in an Australian primary school were interviewed about their experiences of their school context. The data were analysed using a thematic analysis and a question-ordered matrix was constructed to aid the detection of themes and sub-themes from the data. Three major themes were identified as a result. These included: the people within the school context, the social roles of the adolescents’, and the values the school espouses. These findings suggest that there are a number of factors in addition to relational aspects within the school context that impact on young adolescents. This exploratory qualitative study offers a ‘counter adult-centric’ view of young adolescents’ experiences within their school. It also illustrates the potential value in transforming the school context to provide opportunities to experience influence, responsibility, self-determination, meaningful participation and community within the school.     

教师教学语言的语境策略

语境一方面可以限制和制约教学语言,另一方面教学语言也可以构建和控制语境,这也体现了语用主体的主观能动性.教师这个语用主体可以根据教学目的不断地构建、创造或利用、控制课堂语境因素进行语境的调控,教学语言的语境策略实际上就是对语境的调控.     

语境制约与称谓语转换

称谓语作为一种语言符号,是言语交际中的重要组成部分,它对言语交际的实施在一定程度上起着定位导航的作用.但称谓语在言语实施过程中因受语境的制约会发生语码或语用转换.文章从社会环境的角度,举例说明政治、经济环境和民族文化心理是制约称谓语并使其发生转换的根本原因.     

Managing Children’s Friendships Through Interparental Relationships: Roles of Ethnicity and Friendship Context

Twenty African American and European American mothers of fourth‐grade students reflected on strategies for managing children’s friendships maintained across a variety of contexts. Ethnicity differentially located families within specific social contexts that yielded children’s friendships, then informed social processes as they unfolded within these contexts. Maternal knowledge concerning children’s friendships developed as a function of the types of relationships formed among parents encountered within different settings. Findings suggest that interparental relationships represent a key source of information about children’s friendships. Yet, maternal opportunities to establish such relationships differ on the basis of both ethnicity and the nature of contexts in which children’s friendships are maintained.     

Parent‐Child Value Similarity: The Role of Zeitgeist

Reporting a study of German 2‐child families, the article focuses on a neglected issue in value transmission studies: contemporaneous societal context. Parent‐child value similarity depends not only on family characteristics but also on zeitgeist, the modal value climate of a society. To evaluate the role of zeitgeist in value transmission, differences in parent‐child value similarity between families agreeing and disagreeing with the zeitgeist are studied, focusing on a core value of modern societies: hierarchic self‐interest. Results show a weak general zeitgeist effect. A family’s relative position vis‐à‐vis the societal value climate, however, is shown to strongly influence intergenerational similarity in hierarchic self‐interest, families distant from the zeitgeist showing a much higher intergenerational value similarity than families close to the zeitgeist.     

关于20世纪末中国儿童文学创作的文化反思

20世纪90年代以来,中国儿童文学创作在多元文化语境中出现了前所未有的繁荣,少年“成长小说”、动物小说、幻想小说、新潮童话异军突起,这在一定程度上促进了儿童素质的发展。但同时,由于一些儿童文学作家艺术表现手法的单一化、成人化,导致了对儿童素质的负面影响,应引起社会各界的广泛关注。