A Socioecological Perspective on Intimate Partner Violence Research: A Decade in Review

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue impacting millions globally. To frame this decade in review, we organize the research published since 2010 at each of four ecological levels (individual, relational, community, and sociocultural) to demonstrate advances and gaps in each. At the individual and relational level, we review the prevalence, directionality, typologies, predictors, and outcomes of IPV. We attend to postseparation dynamics as well as research on youth exposure. We also discuss key theoretical advances. Our review of individual and relational research is more substantial as most research on IPV focuses on these factors with less attention to community and sociocultural contexts. Reflecting the state of the research within each ecological level, we review men's violence against women and incorporate developing research on men's victimization, reciprocal violence between men and women, and IPV among same-sex partners. Throughout the review, we address key developments in knowledge as well as gaps and methodological strengths and limitations. We close with an integrated summary and recommendations for rigorous collaborative research across disciplines in the next decade to broaden our knowledge base and inform preventions and interventions.     

Projection Properties of Certain Three-Level Main Effect Plans with Quantitative Factors

ABSTRACT

Orthogonal arrays are used as screening designs to identify active main effects, after which the properties of the subdesign for estimating these effects and possibly their interactions become important. Such a subdesign is known as a “projection design”. In this article, we have identified all the geometric non isomorphic projection designs of an OA(27,13,3,2), an OA(18,7,3,2) and an OA(36,13,3,2) into k = 3,4, and 5 factors when they are used for screening out active quantitative experimental factors, with regard to the prior selection of the middle level of factors. We use the popular D-efficiency criterion to evaluate the ability of each design found in estimating the parameters of a second order model.     

Homology and isomorphism: Bourdieu in conversation with New Institutionalism

Bourdieusian Field Theory (BFT) provided decisive inspiration for the early conceptual formulation of New Institutionalism (NI). This paper attempts to reinvigorate the stalled intellectual dialogue between NI and BFT by comparing NI's concept of isomorphism with BFT's notion of homology. I argue that Bourdieu's understanding of domination‐oriented social action, transposable habitus, and a non‐linear causality, embodied in his neglected concept of homology, provides an alternative theorization of field‐level convergence to New Institutionalism's central idea of institutional isomorphism. To showcase how BFT can be useful for organizational research, I postulate a habitus‐informed and field‐conditioned theory of transference to enrich NI's spin‐off thesis of ‘diffusion’. I propose that while NI can benefit from BFT's potential of bringing social structure back into organizational research, BFT can enrich its social analysis by borrowing from NI's elaboration of the symbolic system of organizations.     

行政强制范畴之重构

作为行政法上强制性行为的统称,行政强制可以根据基础决定与强制执行是否合一为标准被划分为两类独立的行为,即行政强制执行和行政即时强制。行政强制措施与行政强制是一种整体与部分的关系,属于行政强制行为内在的构成要素之一。只有当某种静态的手段被特定的行政主体所采用时,才会连同其他要素一起转化为一类正式的行政强制行为。     

区域产业同构的演化轨迹及其原因分析

文章对中国改革开放以来区域产业同构的演化轨迹进行了实证检验,结果表明:中国各省市区之间的产业同构程度表现为“先强化、后弱化”的变化趋势,转折点为1992年。为探求其中的原因,采用博弈模型分析和影响因素分析相结合的方法,对前一阶段区域产业结构趋同和后一阶段区域产业结构趋异的原因分别作了详尽的解释。     

分子集合套理论及其应用

在Ｌ是分子格时，借助于分子极小集概念引入了分子集合套概念，得到了一般Ｌ－ｆｕｚｚｙ集的若干新的表现定理，并给出了它们在拓扑中的应用．     

n阶4、5度循环图的计数

将所有ｎ阶４度连通循环图所构成的集合记为Ｇ＿ｎ，Ｇ＿ｎ的元素个数记为｜Ｇ＿ｎ｜。文中首先导出了｜Ｇ＿ｎ｜的计算公式。然后将Ｇ＿ｎ中的图按图的同构关系分为一些等价类，进一步再将所有等价类按一定规则划分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型。记Ⅰ型等价类的个数为Ｔ，文中证明了ｎ阶４度不同构的连通循环图的个数有Ｔ个（当ｍ为偶时Ｔ为０），其中ｍ为小于ｎ且与ｎ互素的正整数个数的一半。同时文中也给出了ｎ阶５度不同构的连通循环图的类似的计算公式。     

亚纯正半群上的同余

本文讨论了亚纯正半群 S 上特殊同余间的关系;利用超迹和核研究了 S 上任一同余ρ与特殊同余的关系;最后,讨论了 S/α上的几种特殊同余。给出了 S 上任一同余ρ与群同余的并的等式.     

"Never right, never wrong": child welfare and social work in England and Sweden

When are parents “unfit” to care for their own children? As in many other countries, social workers in England and Sweden have the unenviable task of forming such judgments. On behalf of society at large, social workers must balance the rights of parents to provide continuing care with the responsibilities of the state in ensuring adequate care of children. They are involved in professional judgments which are also inherently political. In both England and Sweden social workers are able to seek legal orders which, if granted, permit compulsory removal of children against the wishes of parents. In such cases social workers are centrally involved in processes which remove ordinary rights of citizenship from their fellow members of society. The rights of parents and children, together with the responsibilities of the state to each class of citizen, are clearly in focus: intervention in family life requires both grounds and legitimation. But what is the basis of intervention in the two societies? Social work practices in Sweden and England suggest very different answers to this question. In explaining these differences it is necessary to address much broader variations of social and political culture in the two societies. In so doing, variations in social work practice can be located in different cultural values and systems of legitimation. Instabilities and pathologies of professional practices can also be identified within both England and Sweden. These too are quite different in the two societies.     

从四要素看书法与客观造化的融会内涵

客观造化是与书法相关的四要素之一;书法与客观造化的融会主要通过书法家的学习、创作,物化于书法作品之中,也可通过欣赏者对书法作品的欣赏来实现;书法与客观造化的融会肇自汉字与客观造化的融会,主要包括形象、体势、意味、道理四个层面,并以无形的融会为主,使之得到进一步的丰富与拓展。