Cognitive Coping Strategies of Newlyweds Adjusting to Marriage

The current study focused on the cognitive strategies newlyweds used to cope with distress due to adjustments during the transition to marriage. Forty-two recently married husbands and wives (21 couples) were interviewed, and a qualitative thematic analysis was used in the investigation. Several themes emerged regarding the types of cognitive coping strategies that have potential to add nuanced understanding of some formerly identified cognitive processes, which may have helped maintain satisfying relationships in the midst of unexpected adjustments. The implications for explaining the paradoxical nature of the transition to marriage and for further research and application toward premarital education are discussed.     

Coping Strategies Among Mothers of Chronically Ill Children: A Case Study in Malaysia

ABSTRACT

 The purpose of this study is to identify the stresses and coping strategies of five mothers in caring for their chronically ill and disabled children. These mothers were receiving services from a nonprofit hospital in Malaysia. Through an in-depth case study design, the findings indicated that emotional stress caused high levels of depression, which decreased life satisfaction that led to poorer physical health. Issues explored included employment, noncooperation of family members, as well as factors related to the mother's individual abilities and how these factors might affect maternal caregiving. Recommendations for future research include identifying probable psychosocial stresses and other associated factors while emphasizing the importance of community-based programs that minimize these stresses.     

Minority Elder Maltreatment:

Comparison of 126 minority and 161 non-minority instances of elder maltreatment produces no compelling profile of differences, although there are implications for both study and practice. Within the minority subsample, differences in ethnic group, gender, age, and income provide some information. Hispanics have a less developed social support system, female-male distinctions focus on mortality rate and maltreatment type differences, the oldest old appear to differ from younger elder groups in several respects, and the poor may form a subgroup of isolates or loners.     

高校教学秘书工作中突发事件应对策略研究

本文首先介绍了高校教学秘书的主要工作职责,定义了其工作中突发事件的内容,分析了突发事件的成因;其次,依据教学秘书工作内容及突发事件的成因类型,构建了相应突发事件的应对策略,并通过实例说明了相应策略在教学管理中应对突发事件的具体应用,并对结果进行了分析和讨论;最后,为有效防范和应对教学突发事件,对教学秘书在日常工作和自身素质培养等方面提出了建设性意见。     

Really troubled girls: Gender differences in risky sexual behavior and its correlates in a sample of juvenile offenders

Despite numerous studies on the myriad of psychosocial factors that affect youthful offenders, research on gender differences with respect to risky sexual behavior are limited. Using data on juvenile offenders in a residential facility, we analyzed impact of gender on sexual behavior (N = 227). Girls reported higher likelihood of diagnosis with sexually transmitted diseases, and injecting drug use including heroin and cocaine than boys. Multivariate analysis indicated that number of sexual partners, childhood trauma, and services received from emergency shelter and psychiatric settings were associated with risky sexual behavior. Discouraging, abusive and dysfunctional home environment with little support from parents/caregivers, or teachers, priests/religious leaders appear to dispose youth to a life of risky sex, drugs and delinquency.     

Job stress,burnout and substance use among urban transit operators: The potential mediating role of coping behaviour

Abstract

Urban transit operators, compared to other occupational groups, have higher rates of mortality and morbidity. A major risk factor is the highly stressful objective environment. This study used structural equation modelling to test a model hypothesizing that transit operators’ coping behaviours in responding to daily job hassles mediate the associations of work stress with burnout and substance use. The study sample consisted of 1231 transit operators who participated in the San Francisco MUNI Health and Safety Study. The results showed a direct and strong association between transit operators’ daily job stress and symptoms of occupational burnout even when a series of controls and coping behaviours were considered. In addition, use of “disengage-deny” and escapist strategies to cope with job stress was positively associated with burnout; the job stress–burnout association was partially mediated through such coping practices. Daily job stress was related to substance use only indirectly and mediated through burnout and use of “disengage-deny” and escapist coping strategies. “Disengage-deny” coping strategies might help reduce substance use whereas escapist coping strategies might increase such use. Overall, our findings suggest that coping behaviour may be an important correlate of transit operators’ ill health. Interventions enabling healthy coping behaviours may help reduce health risks for this occupational group.     

国际投资自由化与我国的应对策略

国际投资法已呈现出前所未有的自由化趋势,促使各国利用外资及发展经济的政策和立法做出重要的变化.发展中国家纷纷加快投资自由化的步伐,但盲目追逐只会对自身经济发展带来负面影响.因此,我国应正确对待国际投资自由化的发展,并顺应这一形势的发展.本文从提高我国国民经济发展战略的角度提出完善我国投资自由化的一些对策.     

地震灾区学生的心理调控

地震和应试对灾区学生是双重生活事件压力源(Stressor),采用积极正性的应对方式(coping)时灾区学生提高学业成绩以及身心健康都有着重要意义.文章从心理调整、恰当的自我要求、考前准备及考场上的心理调控四个方面提出应对建议.     

女校大学生个性特征、应对方式与心理健康状况的对比研究

目的：本研究旨在探讨女校大学生个性特征、应对方式与心理健康状况,并将其与女性群体和男女合校女生进行差异比较,为女校大学生教育问题提供科学依据。方法：采用五因素人格量表（NEO—PI）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）为测量工具,选取女校和男女合校女生共507人进行测试。结论：1．女校学生的个性特征、应对方式及心理健康与女性群体相比均存在显著差异。2．女校学生在个性特征、应对方式与心理健康方面都存在着显著专业差异。3．女校学生个性特征、应对方式与心理健康密切相关。4．女校学生个性特征和心理健康状况优于男女合校女生,在应对方式上无显著差异。     

社交焦虑、应对方式与大学生心理健康关系研究

本研究采用社交焦虑问卷（IAS）和应对方式问卷（CSQ）对368名大学生进行测评,探讨大学生社交焦虑与应对方式的特点和相互关系,为大学生心理健康教育提供依据。结果表明：应对方式是影响大学生社交焦虑的因素之一,引导大学生采用“合理化”、“解决问题”等积极的应对方式,在遇到问题时注意避免自责,将有利于降低社交焦虑,对大学生的心理健康有益。