Toward a Theoretical Understanding of Hypermasculine Coping Among Urban Black Adolescent Males

Abstract

The literature regarding African American males has generally focused on the cultural or academic deficits of Black boys. This short-sighted approach fails to take into account the role of contextin shaping opportunities to complete normative developmental tasks. Further, such deficit perspectives leave few to no options for intervention. Consequently, a process-oriented and developmentally informed theoretical model (PVEST) was used to examine the relationships between risks, stress, and coping for a sample of urban Black adolescent males (n = 125). More specifically, the role of fear in promoting hypermasculine coping is explored. The results suggest that hypermasculine attitudes are a function of hypervulnerabilty. Coping-based intervention strategies are discussed.     

Cognitive Coping Strategies of Newlyweds Adjusting to Marriage

The current study focused on the cognitive strategies newlyweds used to cope with distress due to adjustments during the transition to marriage. Forty-two recently married husbands and wives (21 couples) were interviewed, and a qualitative thematic analysis was used in the investigation. Several themes emerged regarding the types of cognitive coping strategies that have potential to add nuanced understanding of some formerly identified cognitive processes, which may have helped maintain satisfying relationships in the midst of unexpected adjustments. The implications for explaining the paradoxical nature of the transition to marriage and for further research and application toward premarital education are discussed.     

Coping Strategies Among Mothers of Chronically Ill Children: A Case Study in Malaysia

ABSTRACT

 The purpose of this study is to identify the stresses and coping strategies of five mothers in caring for their chronically ill and disabled children. These mothers were receiving services from a nonprofit hospital in Malaysia. Through an in-depth case study design, the findings indicated that emotional stress caused high levels of depression, which decreased life satisfaction that led to poorer physical health. Issues explored included employment, noncooperation of family members, as well as factors related to the mother's individual abilities and how these factors might affect maternal caregiving. Recommendations for future research include identifying probable psychosocial stresses and other associated factors while emphasizing the importance of community-based programs that minimize these stresses.     

Minority Elder Maltreatment:

Comparison of 126 minority and 161 non-minority instances of elder maltreatment produces no compelling profile of differences, although there are implications for both study and practice. Within the minority subsample, differences in ethnic group, gender, age, and income provide some information. Hispanics have a less developed social support system, female-male distinctions focus on mortality rate and maltreatment type differences, the oldest old appear to differ from younger elder groups in several respects, and the poor may form a subgroup of isolates or loners.     

Really troubled girls: Gender differences in risky sexual behavior and its correlates in a sample of juvenile offenders

Despite numerous studies on the myriad of psychosocial factors that affect youthful offenders, research on gender differences with respect to risky sexual behavior are limited. Using data on juvenile offenders in a residential facility, we analyzed impact of gender on sexual behavior (N = 227). Girls reported higher likelihood of diagnosis with sexually transmitted diseases, and injecting drug use including heroin and cocaine than boys. Multivariate analysis indicated that number of sexual partners, childhood trauma, and services received from emergency shelter and psychiatric settings were associated with risky sexual behavior. Discouraging, abusive and dysfunctional home environment with little support from parents/caregivers, or teachers, priests/religious leaders appear to dispose youth to a life of risky sex, drugs and delinquency.     

地震灾区学生的心理调控

地震和应试对灾区学生是双重生活事件压力源(Stressor),采用积极正性的应对方式(coping)时灾区学生提高学业成绩以及身心健康都有着重要意义.文章从心理调整、恰当的自我要求、考前准备及考场上的心理调控四个方面提出应对建议.     

Examining the Relationship between Domestic Violence and Depression among Koreans: The Role of Self‐esteem and Social Support as Mediators

Domestic violence is a prevalent social issue in Korea affecting a significant number of people every day. It is thus important to examine how the experience of domestic violence affects their mental health to better address their needs. Using stress‐coping theory as a theoretical framework, this study examines the domestic violence and depression relationship among Korean men and women. Two aspects of self‐esteem and informal and formal social support are examined as potential mediators of this relationship. The data was the first wave of Korean Welfare Panel Study data including 2477 individuals with experiences of abuse. Structural equation modeling procedures were used for analyses. Domestic violence was significantly associated with self‐worth, self‐deprecation, and depression. The experiences of violence eroded self‐worth while reinforcing self‐deprecation and those with more exposure to violence showed a higher level of depression. Self‐deprecation played a significant role in mediating the effect of domestic violence on depression. However, different findings were yielded for social support. While informal social support was significantly associated with domestic violence, formal social support was not associated with domestic violence. Findings suggest for mental health interventions targeting self‐esteem, particularly the diminution of self‐deprecation in working with the victims. Suggestions for future research and implications for social work are also discussed.     

Research Review: Risk and protection in the context of services for children in need

The paper summarizes the evidence and provides definitions of risk, protective factors, resilience, coping strategies and need in the context of children in need. Definitions are offered for children in need and children's services. The way in which individual interpretation can alter objective assessment of risk is explored. A method for recording evidence relevant to clinical practice on behalf of children in need is offered. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.     

Decision-making style: Impact on satisfaction of the commuter couples' lifestyle

The entry of many women into the labor force in recent years has precipitated some changes for families. Commuter marriage is an attempt by some families to integrate work and family life. This article examines the decision-making style that 39 commuter couples use to make a decision if they should commute. The results indicate a more highly planned and systematically structured decision style relates to increased satisfaction with one's decision. Specific family and couple commuter style variables are discussed in relation to desirableness of lifestyle and coping strategies for commuter couples.Special acknowledgment is extended to Jane W. Spruill for her assistance with data collection and computer analysis. Support for computer analysis is acknowledged to the University of Maryland Computer Center. This research was supported in part by a Graduate Research Board Grant and a Divisional Small Grant Award, The University of Maryland, College Park, MD. This article benefited greatly from the suggestions of Charles Hennon and two anonymous reviewers.Her research interests include family policy issues, and work and families. She received her Ph.D. from The Pennsylvania State University.     

幼儿园教师心理韧性对应对方式的影响机制研究——领悟社会支持的中介作用

采用问卷调查的方式对滁州市276名幼儿园教师进行调查研究,探究心理韧性、领悟社会支持与应对方式之间的关系。 结果显示：幼儿园教师心理韧性处于中等水平,且幼儿园教师心理韧性得分在园所性质、学历层次以及婚姻状况上存在显著差 异;相关性分析中,幼儿园教师心理韧性与领悟社会支持、积极应对方式呈显著正相关,与消极应对方式呈显著负相关,且领悟 社会支持在心理韧性与积极应对方式间存在部分中介作用。