属性集容量确定的夹挤式测度模式及其推算模型

迄今,为解决多属性偏好关联决策属性集容量判断指数复杂性难题所提出的λ模糊测度模式与k-可加模糊测度模式,以及建构在它们之上的属性集容量确定的推算模型,尚存在着适用性差的技术不足。为此,以平衡容量判断的可操作性和容量推算的准确性为视角,提出了一种新容量测度模式,即关于容量判断与推算的夹挤式测度模式,并在此基础上通过引入决策者较易判断给出的容量序信息构建了相应的容量推算模型。基于数值模拟的对比分析表明：新模式不仅在应用可行性上高于k-可加模糊测度模式,而且从容量推算的准确性上看也明显优于λ模糊测度模式和k-可加模糊测度模式,因而对实际决策具有更强的适用性。     

需求分布规律变化情况下的报童订货策略

在需求分布规律变化情况下,报童在进行订货决策时会因为错误判断需求分布规律而导致期望库存成本增加。为了解决这一问题,本文集成传统历史需求信息和非传统需求信息以正确地认知需求分布规律,在此基础上决策订货量。假设需求服从均值不同、方差相同的两种类型的正态分布,每一种正态分布的概率已知。利用信号检测理论构建基于历史需求信息与需求分布概率的报童最优订货策略,并与只基于需求分布概率的直觉规则订货策略进行对比。结果表明：只要排除需求分布概率很大或很小两种极端情况,最优订货策略比直觉规则订货策略在控制期望库存成本方面的作用更明显,即利用历史需求信息可以有效修正报童对实际需求分布的检测结果,从而提高实际订货决策的准确性。研究结果对传统历史需求信息和非传统需求信息的集成以及需求信息交换等有一定的管理学启示和应用价值。     

Employees’ prosocial behavioral intentions through empowerment in CSR decision-making

This study theorizes and empirically tests a conceptual framework to understand how a company can better motivate its employees to carry out persistent prosocial behavior and develop positive organization-employee relationships through corporate social responsibility (CSR) involvement. A managerial approach, employee participative decision making in CSR, is examined for its impact on the prosocial behavioral outcome among employees and the relational outcome for the organization. Furthermore, a psychological mechanism that emphasizes employees’ perceived need satisfaction is examined as the underlying explanation that drives the effectiveness of the managerial approach. The study results support that empowering employees to co-construct CSR decisions with top management is effective in satisfying employees’ basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. This in turn increases the employees’ intention to maintain long-lasting involvement in CSR and improves their relationships with the company. This study provides important implications for public relations professionals and organizational leaders on how to improve their internal CSR communication and involvement practice and cultivate desirable organization-employee relationships.     

国际社会打击索马里海盗的法律分析

为维护国际海运安全,国际社会纷纷派出军舰赴索马里海域参加打击海盗的行动。这一行动的国际法依据是联合国安理会的授权、海洋法公约的相关规定和索马里过渡政府的同意,且三个因素相互关联。同时打击海盗的行动应受到相关国际法的约束,包括履行尊重沿岸国主权的义务、遵守人道主义法则的义务和因国际不法行为造成损失的赔偿责任。     

论经济人的理性冲突及行为目标

基于经济人假设的传统经济理论认为人们具有完全理性能力,但现实中行为人的决策理性程度.经常处于完全理性与有限理性两种情境的转换之中.从研究范式和最终行为目标两个视角来看,完全理性情境下人们遵循最优化原则追求决策收益的最大化;而有限理性情境下则遵循决策收益和过程的满意原则.基于经济人的行为心理及认知能力来分析,追求主观幸福感最大化才是人类经济行为的最终唯一目标.建立于行为经济人基础上的经济发展理论与实践.才是一个国家和地区以人为本、和谐发展的必然要求.     

澳洲台湾移民居住地选择的初探

本文针对悉尼和布里斯本两个都市之台湾移民的分布及居住迁徙作深入研究。主要透过深入访谈的方法 ,系统性的针对台湾移民选择居住地的因子及决策过程进行探讨 ,并尽量以社会地理学“局内人”的观点 ,架构居住地改变和选择的逻辑来思考整个迁徙过程的机制。研究结果显示 ,随着时间的改变 ,作迁徙决策时所考量的因子也会改变。刚到澳洲时 ,选择居住地的因子主要会考量亲友意见 ;随着经验的累积及对周遭环境的熟悉 ,个别差异性开始凸显 ,每个人对居住地的选择会有不同的考量与分析。在迁居上 ,有向双拼式建筑或都市公寓型房子搬迁的趋势     

Seeking Clarity and Confidence in the Divorce Decision-Making Process

There is a well-established literature dedicated to why couples divorce, transitions associated with divorce, and the impact of divorce on families. However, little is known about the divorce decision-making process. We conducted in-depth interviews with individuals who have recently considered divorce (n = 30) and asked specifically about the roles of 2 concepts in their decision-making process: clarity and confidence. Three major themes emerged from the data: (a) Clarity about a decision to divorce or stay married is desired, it fluctuates, and takes time to find; (b) pivotal moments can bring clarity; and (c) confidence (in the final decision) is desired. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.     

Feminine or feminist? Women’s media leadership

This paper presents a small-scale qualitative case study of five women’s experiences of leadership roles in Irish media industries. Relational Leadership Theory is used to examine whether there is a gendered dimension to women’s leadership and to explore why women’s participation in leadership has not resulted in significant feminist gains or changes to media organisations. The article finds that: the women saw their leadership as relational and simultaneously as socially constructed in a gendered manner. Moreover, the women led organisational change towards greater gender equality in the norms of media work. However, while the women’s leadership was relational and feminine, it was not necessarily feminist; it did not aim to generate systemic changes within the gendering of the media as an institution. The changes that the women wrought incorporated women into a system of production that remained nonetheless masculinist.     

基于分层MTO订单的准入策略研究

研究按订单生产(make to order,MTO)模式下随机订单的准入策略.本文提出的准入决策方法分为两步,首先在考虑随机订单的不同属性基础上,采用TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)方法计算新到订单与理想订单的接近程度,以此作为订单的综合收益,从而对新订单进行分层排序;其次采用MDP(Markov decision process)模型分别计算接受和拒绝订单的期望收益,从而决定是否接受该订单.研究发现,当市场需求接近或大于产能时,企业可从订单分层中获益;反之,市场需求显著小于产能时,分层不会带来额外收益.企业分层收益随需求增加或产能减少而递增,且与生产前置期呈倒U型关系.数值模拟发现,订单分层越精细,收益越大,且分层数约为需求与企业产能的比值时,订单分层收益接近最大值.     

基于ART及多风险规避的交通网络均衡模型

随着对交通系统不确定性认识的深入,以绝对理性为基础的“期望效用理论”在风险环境下的路径选择分析中显示出局限性,而“预期后悔理论”则为之提供了新的分析思路.将预期后悔理论应用到风险环境下的路径选择分析中,将出行者一致风险规避的假设扩展到多风险规避,建立了基于后悔理论及多风险规避出行特征的交通网络随机用户均衡变分不等式模型,并给出了求解算法.通过算例分析发现,后悔心理对出行者的路径选择并不总是显著的.在非风险环境及极端风险环境中,后悔心理对出行者的路径选择影响是微弱的,但是当环境处于极端风险与非风险之间时,后悔心理对出行者路径选择有着较为显著的影响.