Peer paradox: the tensions that peer relationships raise for vulnerable youth

The contribution peer relationships make to positive adolescent development is well recognized. Accordingly, peer problem measures typically assess youth with few age‐appropriate peers as having peer problems. Yet, youth facing high levels of personal and/or social adversity may reduce their association with antisocial peers as part of coping or risk mitigation strategies. While such strategies will result in higher scores on peer problem measures, they may also facilitate resilience and constitute a resource social workers can draw on in their work with youth. To test this proposition of peer adaptation as a risk mitigation strategy, mixed‐methods data relating to two groups of youth who were exposed to different levels of adversity were compared on a standardized peer problem measure and a range of risk measures. Qualitative interviews extended this data and explored vulnerable youth perceptions of social withdrawal as a coping strategy. Results from the survey and qualitative data indicated that a subgroup of youth facing high levels of adversity restricted association with antisocial peers to reduce their behavioural risks. However, without adequate support from adults in both formal support systems and youths' social ecologies to compensate for the loss of peer friendships, this strategy did not reduce behavioural risk in the medium term. The social withdrawal strategy also appeared to heighten mental health concerns for these youth. The implications of this finding for the development of policy and practice with vulnerable youth are discussed.     

Substance‐dependent women becoming mothers: breaking the cycle of adverse childhood experiences

Parenting may be particularly challenging for substance‐dependent mothers who have grown up with parents who themselves had substance use disorders (SUDs). The aim of this study was to explore how substance‐dependent mothers describe their childhood experiences with substance‐abusing parents and the association between these earlier experiences and their own role as caregivers. Using purposeful sampling, mothers admitted for 1 year to a family ward at a substance abuse clinic were approached. Through in‐depth, qualitative interviews, nine substance‐dependent mothers described their lives in the form of present, past and future tense. The findings indicate that substance‐dependent women, who have experienced SUDs in their families of origin, face several major challenges when they become mothers. Some describe having lived their whole lives ‘on the edge of society'. This makes their rehabilitation process more complex. All mothers work to abstain from substances, process traumatic experiences and integrate their family into society. They need help to build supportive social networks and to establish a safe and predictable family environment for themselves and their children. The therapeutic implications of these findings will be discussed.     

近十年《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》的研究述评

《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》是毛泽东在我国社会主义建设早期,对马克思主义矛盾学说理论进行阐释的十分重要的经典著作之一.它的发表对于正确认识和处理我国社会主义建设时期的人民内部矛盾,提供了科学的理论遵循和方法借鉴,并产生了重大影响.学界近十年对《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》的研究,产生了大量的优秀理论成果,主要涉及文本的解读、历史的考察、哲学的思考、思政教育探析、当代价值、意义和启示等层面,但同时也存在一些问题,如研究视域相对狭小、研究深度相对不够、研究内容相对零碎、研究范式相对僵化、研究层面相对失衡等.学界需要在继承原有研究成果基础之上,扩大研究视野、创新研究范式、平衡研究层面,来促进《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》研究的不断深化.     

Sexuality in Older Adults (65+)—An Overview of the Literature,Part 1: Sexual Function and its Difficulties

Objectives: The aim of the current article was to provide an overview of literature on sexual function and sexual difficulties in older adults. Method: The authors conducted a narrative review of papers published in English between January 2005 and July 2015 based on an extensive search in PsycINFO. Results: The review showed that although common biological changes may adversely affect sexual function in old age, sexual experience seems to also be affected by psychological and interpersonal factors. Conclusions: Greater life expectancy and better medical care will result in older individuals with chronic diseases living longer. The need for help to cope with changes in sexual health is likely to increase in older adults, as sexuality may be negatively affected through several pathways.     

刍议社会科学应用对策研究

社会科学应用对策研究作为社会科学研究服务经济社会发展的重要方面和领域,其最重要的特征是提出干预社会发展的观点、思路和建议。在应用对策研究中,研究者要对问题有敏感性,注重实际的调研和与实际部门相结合,注重研究的学科范式的应用和综合研究方法,应当在坚持鲜明的基本价值取向的前提下,根据社会发展的需要和满足社会成员发展需求的标准,提出具体的对策建议。     

我国政府投资运行机制:原理、问题与对策

作为社会经济发展必不可少的政府投资如何不断提高投资的效益是我们必须关注的重要研究课题。在分析政府投资运行机制基本原理的基础上,对我国政府投资中存在的问题进行深入分析,并提出了完善我国政府投资运行机制的对策。     

信访次生问题及其防范治理

信访次生问题是在信访权利实现过程中,由信访元问题滋生出的新问题。元问题未解决,新问题又滋生,这使政府与访民双方备受其累,饱受其害。本文认为,把政策的制定与执行置于民主、科学、法治的基础上,实行信访有理推定,加强信访效能监察,强化基层干部陟罚臧否的民众话语权,推进信访体制的改革与创新等,是当前防范信访次生问题频发、彻底破解信访难问题的重要选择。     

高校金融学研究中的问题探讨

本文针对中国高等学校金融学理论研究存在与市场脱节的问题 ,呼请我国金融学术界 ,首先需要完成研究范畴的国际接轨和研究方法的规范化历程 ;然后对现代金融理论的体系架构、模型构造和参数设定进行认真思考、仔细研究 ,从而对中国资本市场的发展和运行进行深入分析 ,实现金融学研究的本土化和国际化。     

福建省养老服务问题及对策初探

在分析福建省养老服务事业发展所面临的问题基础上,对发展福建省养老服务事业提出对策和建议,指出要以科学发展观为指导,发展养老服务理念;加快政府职能转变,推进养老服务体系建设;建立社会多元筹资模式,鼓励社会力量投入养老产业;提升社区服务水平,优化社区养老服务体系运行机制;建立专业化养老工作者队伍,充分发挥志愿者作用,力图为发展养老服务需求提供政策理论依据,积极有效地应对福建省人口老龄化以及社会变迁。     

我国西部高校人才资源管理的问题与对策探讨

知识经济时代的来临和高等教育国际化进程的加快,使我国高校人才资源管理中的问题越来越多地凸现出来,所以,我们必须从时代发展的需要出发,通过更新高校人才资源管理理念、发展学校事业、改革高校治理机制和薪酬福利制度、畅通沟通机制、完善激励制度等改革措施,逐步开创以人为本的高校人才资源管理之路,有效提高我国高校的核心竞争力。