论高师音乐教育中的非技术教育

在高师音乐教育中,按照音乐艺术的基本表现特征———技术教育———实施的教育是被引起普遍重视的,而非技术教育则往往被人们忽略和冷落。要全面认识和正确把握高师音乐教育的特征,把非技术教育摆在与技术教育同等重要的位置,把它作为培养音乐教育人才不可或缺的重要内容和主要手段,促使音乐对人的潜移默化作用和教育功能得到更加全面的认识和广泛的应用。     

Use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo Analysis with a Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model of Methylmercury to Estimate Exposures in U.S. Women of Childbearing Age

A Bayesian approach, implemented using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis, was applied with a physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of methylmercury (MeHg) to evaluate the variability of MeHg exposure in women of childbearing age in the U.S. population. The analysis made use of the newly available National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) blood and hair mercury concentration data for women of age 16–49 years (sample size, 1,582). Bayesian analysis was performed to estimate the population variability in MeHg exposure (daily ingestion rate) implied by the variation in blood and hair concentrations of mercury in the NHANES database. The measured variability in the NHANES blood and hair data represents the result of a process that includes interindividual variation in exposure to MeHg and interindividual variation in the pharmacokinetics (distribution, clearance) of MeHg. The PBPK model includes a number of pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g., tissue volumes, partition coefficients, rate constants for metabolism and elimination) that can vary from individual to individual within the subpopulation of interest. Using MCMC analysis, it was possible to combine prior distributions of the PBPK model parameters with the NHANES blood and hair data, as well as with kinetic data from controlled human exposures to MeHg, to derive posterior distributions that refine the estimates of both the population exposure distribution and the pharmacokinetic parameters. In general, based on the populations surveyed by NHANES, the results of the MCMC analysis indicate that a small fraction, less than 1%, of the U.S. population of women of childbearing age may have mercury exposures greater than the EPA RfD for MeHg of 0.1 μg/kgg/day, and that there are few, if any, exposures greater than the ATSDR MRL of 0.3 μgg/kgg/day. The analysis also indicates that typical exposures may be greater than previously estimated from food consumption surveys, but that the variability in exposure within the population of U.S. women of childbearing age may be less than previously assumed.     

试论大学生职业指导人员的职业素养*

近年来，我国的大学生就业形势日益紧张，如何实现高效就业不仅仅是每个大学毕业生关注的问题，同时也对职业指导人员提出了更高的要求。通过分析当前我国职业指导人员的整体素质、工作现状以及其不足之处，探讨了提高职业指导人员职业素质的必要性，并在此基础上提出解决问题的途径。     

论行政指导的制度化困境与路径选择

行政指导是一种新型的政府行为，因其所特有的柔软性、灵活性和民主性等特征而成为适应中国政府管理的主要手段和行为方式。然而在现实中，行政指导正面临着制度化困境。造成这种困境的原因是多方面的，但是，究其根本原因，在于主观和客观两个方面的障碍。为摆脱行政指导的制度化困境，需要树立现代行政观念，培育独立的公民社会，规范行政指导的行为依据、完善行政指导的各项制度。     

对西部地区城市化发展的思考

阐述城市化的概念和世界与中国城市化发展的概貌；分析西部地区与国内城市化的差距；对如何提高西部地区城市化发展水平进行了一些思考。     

Patients' Evaluations of the Mental Health Service at a Health Sciences Campus

Abstract

Health science students, along with the health professionals they hope to become, are at increased risk for certain occupational injuries and illnesses. One of these risks is occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis, which may result in severe illnesses or even death. Two case studies demonstrate postexposure care of exposed individuals at the University of Texas Medical Branch Student Health Services before and after policy changes and prevention strategies were strengthened in response to exposure incidents.     

Exploring the Moderating Influence of Delinquent Peers on the Link Between Trauma, Anger, and Violence Among Male Youth: Implications for Social Work Practice

This study’s objective was to explore the influence of delinquent peer exposure, on the relationship between male youths’ histories of trauma, anger, and violent behavior. Using a nationally representative sample of male adolescents aged 12–17 and self report interviews, information was gathered on their levels of exposure to violence, stressful life events (SLE), anger, depression, delinquent peer exposure, and violent behavior. Results of a moderation analyses revealed that youth who reported higher levels of exposure to trauma, anger, and delinquent peers were at an increased risk for anger and for violent offending. Delinquent peer exposure exerted a significant interaction effect on the relationship between anger and violent offending. The implications for prevention and intervention efforts are delineated.     

试论我国行政指导程序的规范和完善

行政指导作为非强制性行政行为,在现代政府行政管理活动中,发挥着愈来愈重要的作用。但是当前我国无明确的行政指导程序加以规范行政指导行为,使得行政指导程序在立法和运作方面存在着诸多问题。结合国外行政指导程序的先进经验,提出了规范和完善我国行政指导程序制度的若干建议。     

台湾地区农业科技研发体系及策略导向

介绍了台湾地区农业科技研发体系架构、组织特点及农业科技投入机制,分析了台湾地区农业科技研究立项的策略导向作用,提出借鉴台湾地区农业科技方面的经验,积极推动福建农业科技研发体系创新的若干思路。