主导与指导——模拟审判基本方式探析

模拟审判是高等院校法学专业学生的实践课之一。它将理论知识与实践较好地结合起来,提高学生的综合素质。在进行模拟审判时,由于多方面的原因,与学生的期望值有差距。主导与指导的模拟审判方式能调动学生的积极性,收到较好的效果。     

和谐心灵：构建高校和谐德育的逻辑起点

党的十七大报告提出加强和改进思想政治工作要注重人文关怀和心理疏导，为高校思想政治工作的特殊形式——德育教育指明了方向。高校教育应以和谐德育为先，构建和谐心灵。其基本途径，一是加强人文关怀、塑造健康人格，二是加强心理疏导，推进心理健康教育。     

“应用光学”双语教学研究与实践

随着大学毕业生人数的与日俱增,用人单位录用机制的转变,大学生就业问题逐渐成为一个群体性的难题.就高校而言,为解决这一难题,必须改革滞后的毕业生就业指导模式,使缺乏系统性、针对性的就业指导向职业生涯规划辅导转变.高校应从学生入学开始,就对其进行职业生涯规划教育,帮助、指导学生正确地分析自身的条件和就业环境,引导他们确立合适的职业目标,并督促其落实到实际行动中去.     

Quantitative Risk Assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in French Cold-Smoked Salmon: I. Quantitative Exposure Assessment

A quantitative assessment of the exposure to Listeria monocytogenes from cold-smoked salmon (CSS) consumption in France is developed. The general framework is a second-order (or two-dimensional) Monte Carlo simulation, which characterizes the uncertainty and variability of the exposure estimate. The model takes into account the competitive bacterial growth between L. monocytogenes and the background competitive flora from the end of the production line to the consumer phase. An original algorithm is proposed to integrate this growth in conditions of varying temperature. As part of a more general project led by the French Food Safety Agency (Afssa), specific data were acquired and modeled for this quantitative exposure assessment model, particularly time-temperature profiles, prevalence data, and contamination-level data. The sensitivity analysis points out the main influence of the mean temperature in household refrigerators and the prevalence of contaminated CSS on the exposure level. The outputs of this model can be used as inputs for further risk assessment.     

A Perspective on Dioxin Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

This paper discusses the following key issues concerning human exposure to dioxins and furans emitted from typical, modern MSW incinerators: (1) Are MSW incinerators the major source of PCDD/PCDF input into the environment? (2) Are environmental concentrations around MSW incinerators substantially elevated relative to background levels? And (3) are MSW incinerators the major source of human exposure to PCDDs and PCDFs? Current scientific evidence indicates that (1) combustion sources in general (including steel mills, copper smelting plants, motor vehicles, pulp and paper mills, and MSW incinerators) are major sources of PCDD/PCDF input in the environment; (2) environmental concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs around operating MSW incinerators are not substantially elevated; and (3) 99% of human exposure to PCDDs and PCDFs is from background contamination, even for individuals living near a modern MSW incinerator.     

三江源自然保护区生态保护立法基本理念研究

文章就三江源自然保护区生态保护立法的基本理念进行了探讨。认为应当将该地区生态保护立法的指导思想确立为生态本位,以塑造对三江源自然保护区生态保护法律规范的忠诚感为立法的直接目的,以保护生态利益作为这一地区生态保护立法的终极目的。立法中在坚持可持续发展原则的同时,还应当将衡平原则和合作原则、公众参与原则、国家干预原则确立为该地区生态保护立法的原则。     

浅析我国社会转型时期仇富心态

我国社会转型以来,由于各种原因一些人产生了仇富心态.这种仇富心态如果得不到及时疏导和排解,发展到一定程度会危害社会安定,不利于我国社会主义和谐社会的构建.要充分认识仇富心态的现实表现及影响,探寻消除仇富心态的方法,为我国全面建设小康社会提供一个安定的社会和心理环境.     

震后早期心理辅导探讨

5·12汶川大地震后,心理援助的重要性受到前所未有的关注.震后人们会出现不同程度的心理应激反应,相当比例的人会出现心理应激障碍.针对这些问题应进行适当的早期心理辅导.早期心理辅导应以创伤后危机干预为思路,以缓解应激障碍相关症状、预防创伤后危机障碍的发生为主要目标,采取心理急救、严重事件应激晤谈、认知行为疗法等方法进行治疗.另外,从这些方法中可归纳出共同的、可用于早期心理辅导的原则:支持性原则、正常化原则、重视社会支持原则、个性化原则等.     

一种新的智能内窥镜导航系统

本文介绍了一种新的智能内窥镜导航系统。该系统用于实现内窥镜的智能导航介入。其中导航方法是基于视觉传感器和触觉传感器的多信息融合的方法。在视觉传感器中采用了一种基于自适应阈值图像分割算法的寻径方法,该方法采用加速的最大类间方差法进行阈值分割。在触觉传感器中采用了基于MEMS技术的硅微触觉传感器,四个硅微触觉传感器被封装在内窥镜头部表面,可以获得内窥镜头部全方向的压力。本文通过实验验证了该导航系统的可行性及可靠性,该方法的应用弥补了传统方法中因暗区不明显而无法引导内窥镜的不足,提高了内窥镜导航的精度和可靠性。     

Quantifying the Distribution of Inhalation Exposure in Human Populations: 2. Distributions of Time Spent by Adults, Adolescents, and Children at Home, at Work, and at School

Using distributions of time spent at various ventilation levels, ranges of inhalation exposure in the population can be established. Distributions of exposure time were determined using results of a study by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) which focused on time spent by humans participating in various activities and the locations where the activities occurred. The daily at-home activities from the CARB study were assigned to one of three ventilation levels, generating aggregate time periods. Distinct age and gender populations were identified, and distributions for aggregate time were established for these populations at each of the ventilation levels. In addition to aggregate time spent at home, distributions for various ages and genders were established for aggregate time spent at school and work. By combining distributions of aggregate time with corresponding ventilation rates, the distribution of inhalation rates can be established for at home, at work, and at school exposures.