The advocate as gatekeeper: The limits of politeness in protective order interviews with Latina survivors of domestic abuse

Within institutions that provide assistance to victims of domestic violence, professionals and volunteers work as advocates for their clients at the same time that they act as gatekeepers for their agencies. While the labor of advocacy consists of empowering clients and validating their concerns and feelings, the task of gatekeeping entails making judgments about them in order to dole out goods and services. Thirty protective order interviews and their resulting affidavits form the data for this study. These interviews take place in a district attorney's office and in a pro bono law clinic. This micro-level analysis of the verbal interaction between protective order application interviewers (both paid and volunteer) and their Latina clients investigates what positive politeness strategies can reveal about how interviewers construct the conflicting discursive identities of advocate and gatekeeper. I examine what interviewers say to clients as well as how interviewers allow clients to give their accounts of abuse. The study points to specific linguistic techniques that may leave victims feeling unaccompanied in the sociolegal system. I suggest that one consequence of the gatekeeping required of interviewers is that victim-survivors may perceive a 'second assault' by the institutions meant to serve them. Linguistic phenomena particular to Latina women in the United States are also brought to light.     

组合体的分析与探讨

针对组合体形成的特征，提出分析组合体的一种行之有效的新方法──写形体分析式。     

Face,Accounts, and Schemes in the Context of Relationship Breakups

This article investigates account strategies that individuals employ to neutralize identity threats caused by breakups from romantic relationships. I distinguish three narrative frames for such accounts: dumper, dumpee, and consensus narratives. Individuals who employ a consensus narrative frame provide accounts by default: they deny that any harm was done to anyone. Dumpers dismissed the breakup's conflictuality, used externalization strategies, and depicted themselves as empathetic. Dumpees used externalization strategies and denials of injury, emphasized their agency, and pointed out valuable changes of self. I then analyze the results from a phenomenological perspective to identify connections between accounting practices and the structure of the self. I argue that accounting for traumatic breakups is important for the development of schemes that guide perception, action, and the interpretation of biography.     

由高校教材招标引发的思索

高校教材市场，从组稿、出版到渠道发行，从返折扣、免费培训到科研经费支持，各个环节都充满了不正当竞争。国家将竞争机制引入教材供应采购过程，虽然对减轻学生负担、杜绝教材回扣、增加教材使用率、提升环保水平、实现高校教材供应体制的规范化和法制化有着重要作用，但对长期从事教材出版的各出版社却带来严峻的挑战。如发行渠道难以把握，低价恶性竞争激化，发行量不易掌握，低水平教材重复出版，售后服务承诺不履行等。应在遵循教材发展基本规律的基础上，建立合理科学的教材编写和出版资质制度，引进科学的教材出版招标投标模式，确立科学公开的教材选用制度，引入市场竞争机制，真正做到在确保专业资质同时的市场公平竞争。     

证券市场虚假陈述民事责任研究

虚假陈述是证券欺诈民事行为的一种,本文探讨了虚假陈述民事责任的法律性质,认为它既有违约责任,又有侵权责任,还有违约责任和侵权责任的竞合。在此基础上,分析了证券虚假陈述民事责任因果关系的认定,应借鉴国外相当因果关系的认定标准。最后分析了虚假陈述民事行为的法律后果,因虚假陈述受到损害的投资者,可以向法院起诉,要求撤销合同和赔偿损失。     

论低调陈述的特征和社会心理基础

本文根据低调陈述的特征和交际功能分析了低调陈述的生成过程,从语用和社会心理角度探讨了交际过程中的低调陈述解读策略。笔者认为除了场合及对象因素、合作原则和礼貌原则是交际中不可忽略的重要因素,是确认低调陈述的指称义、辨明含义和意图的重要途径以外,从社会语言心理学来说,低调陈述产生于面子需求,即用温和言辞,避免正面冲突,保全双方面子。     

基于对向传播神经网络的人脸识别方法

根据对向传播网络适于模式分类的特性,提出了基于对向传播网络的人脸识别方法。同时,为了克服对向传播网络在训练过程中的不稳定性,改进了对向传播网络的学习算法,并且以国际通用的ORL人脸库为对象进行实验研究。结果表明,选择合适的参数,就可以达到理想的识别效果。证明了基于对向传播网络的人脸识别方法是有效可行的。     

乡土社会中的面子与规则——也谈电影《被告山杠爷》

中国传统农村乡土社会中一个普遍存在的现象——乡土规则与国家法律的冲突。用作具体分析的个案材料是电影《被告山杠爷》,笔者的关注点从这个电影本身反映的事件引出,试着剖析乡土规则有效性的内在本质——面子问题的重要性。本文尝试用社会学理论去挖掘乡土规则背后的支撑点,同时也是对当代中国基层司法制度的一种反思。     

BX型中变催化剂还原性能的研究

铁铬系中温变换催化剂在使用前需经还原活化才具有催化活性。而还原条件的选取，又对催化剂还原后的性能有直接的影响。本文用透射电子显微技术研究了ＢＸ型催化剂还原前后的差异，分析了造成这一差异的原因，并计算了还原后催化剂颗粒的平均直径。用程序升温还原技术研究了催化剂的还原过程，用红外光谱技术研究了不同温度下催化剂的还原速率。综合研究结果讨论了还原过程中催化剂对还原条件的具体要求。并结合上述结果讨论了工业生产中现采用的还原程序，认为现采用的还原程序比较理想。     

针对生物识别信息的刑法保护:现实境遇与完善路径——以四川“人脸识别案”为切入点

当前生物识别信息在我国社会中的运用呈现逐年递增的趋势.生物识别信息具备本体特殊性和社会特殊性,这决定了其具备与普通公民个人信息不同的重要性,应受到刑法的特殊保护,但我国既定刑事立法对生物识别信息并未进行任何形式的特殊保护.可运用实质解释的方法,在不违反罪刑法定原则的前提下,充分利用两高《解释》第5条中第1款第10项和第2款第4项这两个兜底条款,将"侵犯生物识别信息5条及以上"认定为"情节严重",将"侵犯生物识别信息50条及以上"认定为"情节特别严重",由此降低针对生物识别信息原本的入罪和法定刑升格的数量,最终实现对生物识别信息的特殊刑法保护.