制造企业物流能力及其对竞争优势和企业绩效的影响研究

利用探索性和验证性因子分析,开发制造企业物流能力量表,得出物流能力的三个维度:物流流程能力、物流柔性能力和物流信息整合能力.利用LISREL对研究假设进行检验,得出制造企业物流能力与竞争优势和企业绩效之间的因果关系,在研究结论基础上,对制造企业提高物流能力提出相应建议.     

论人力资本所有者拥有企业所有权的客观因素

企业作为人力资本与物质资本组成的一个特别合约,人力资本是否应该以及在多大程度上分享企业所有权是当前学术理论界讨论的焦点。文章侧重分析了人力资本所有者获得企业所有权的客观因素。这些客观因素主要是:人力资本与其载体的不可分离性;人力资本价值显现的动态性;人力资本的专用性与专有性以及人力资本的团队特征,认为人力资本的上述特征在客观上决定了其获得企业的所有权。     

人类共时性的感性认识现象

本文按照索绪尔区分共时性现象和历时性现象的思路,力图从感性认识的时间特点上说明人类意识的特性.我们首先确定动物与人的网膜象信息处理系统是历时性的动力学系统,但是人类语言活动已经明确地显示人脑又是共时性的信息处理器.本文依据贾德的视知觉实验对人脑的映象库和映象翻页机能做了详细叙述,指出人脑的映象勾连操作是人类感性认识的重要部分.人类的双子结构和双维度的映象动力学体系,使人脑截然不同于动物,人类依靠自己独特的感性认知、记忆和语言功能拥有世界,而不仅仅是认识环境和适应环境.     

管理者政治关联、社会责任与企业绩效

政治关联作为正式制度的一种替代机制,在社会经济活动中发挥着重要的作用。文章以2008～2013年我国沪深两市上市公司为研究对象,分别采用普通最小二乘法检验了管理者政治关联对企业绩效的影响机理,通过构建中介效应检验模型分析了社会责任在管理者政治关联影响企业绩效的路径作用。研究发现：管理者政治关联可以有效地推动企业绩效的增长;社会责任是管理者政治关联影响企业绩效的有效路径,管理者政治关联可以督促和鼓励企业向社会公益事业捐赠财物,提高企业的社会贡献水平和社会责任披露的质量,最终有利于企业绩效的增长。     

风险投资对中国新三板挂牌企业绩效的影响

风险投资是推动“大众创业、万众创新”的新型金融工具和重要资本力量，对产业结构调整和经济转型具有重要作用。风险投资通过提供企业战略咨询、关键商业网络资源、人力资源管理以及监控活动等多方面支持影响被投资企业绩效。选取2010—2018年新三板844家获得风险投资和9 415家未获得风险投资的企业，通过风险投资机构的年龄、历史IPO数量以及累计退出金额衡量投资经验，检验风险投资机构的投资经验对新三板挂牌企业绩效的影响，并利用工具变量通过二阶段最小二乘法（2SLS）解决了模型的内生性问题。实证结果表明，风险投资对企业财务绩效和成长能力均呈现显著正向影响，且风险投资机构成立年份越久，在投资经验方面越丰富，对企业绩效正向影响越显著，同时，风险投资退出业绩越好，行业内对其能力的评价越高，越有利于为企业提供附加资源支持，从而提升企业业绩。     

Entrenchment in publicly traded family firms: Evidence from the S&P 500

Family involvement in corporate governance through ownership, management, and board membership presents a unique dilemma for understanding the strategic impetus and costs of entrenchment decisions. The presence of shared family ties and the family-centered goals of firm principals call to question the applicability of extant agency arguments regarding the nature and antecedents of managerial entrenchment. Exploring this, we develop and test a model of family firm-specific determinants (i.e., family ownership and family's involvement in management and governance) of entrenchment in publicly traded firms by drawing upon principal-principal agency theory. Findings of the empirical analysis of family owned S&P 500 firms suggest family firms are motivated to entrench managers when doing so supports the pursuit of family-centric goals. However, the extent to which entrenchment supports such goals varies at different levels of family ownership.     

A dynamic business modelling approach to design and experiment new business venture strategies

Business Modelling has evolved as a key activity to reflect new business venture strategy by framing the way a firm will operate and how it will function in achieving its goals (e.g., profitability, growth, innovation, social impact). However, scholars and practitioners have criticized the adoption of a too static perspective in the design and use of conventional Business Model representations. Such a static perspective prevents nascent entrepreneurs experimenting with their Business Models and, as a result, identifying the most effective strategies, especially in terms of business sustainability and profitability. In this paper, we argue that combining conventional Business Model schemas with System Dynamics modelling results in a strategy design tool that may overcome several limitations related to a static view of Business Model representation. Mapping the different key elements underlying value creation processes into a system of causal interdependencies – through the use of simulation – allows strategy analysts and entrepreneurs to experiment and learn how the business reacts to strategic and organizational changes in terms of performance, innovation and value creation. As such, Dynamic Business Models provide useful insights to strategy formulation and business venturing by capturing how critical Business Model elements interact to produce enduring competitive advantages over time.     

Separating Spheres? Diverging Trends in Youth's Gender Attitudes About Work and Family

The authors investigated whether trends in attitudes about gender were consistent with the gender stall primarily occurring in the family domain and examined potential mechanisms associated with changing gender norms. Using data from Monitoring the Future surveys (1976–2015), the authors assessed three components of trends in youth's beliefs about gender: the marketplace, the family, and mothers' employment. Findings showed continued increases in egalitarianism from 1976 through the mid‐1990s across all three dimensions. Thereafter, support for egalitarianism in the public sphere plateaued at high levels, rising support for mothers' employment persisted at a slower pace, and conventional ideology about gender in families returned. The changing demographic composition of American high school students did not account for the gender attitude trends. Youth's mothers' employment and increased education were related to increased egalitarianism. Changes in population averages of mothers' employment and educational attainment were only weakly associated with increases in egalitarian attitudes.     

Analysis of microtubule dynamics using growth curve models

Microtubules are part of the structural network within a cell's cytoplasm, providing structural support as well as taking part in many of the cellular processes. A large body of data provide evidence that dynamics of microtubules in a cell is reponsible for the performance of many critical cellular functions such as cell division. In this article, we study the effect of four different isoforms of a protein tau on microtubule dynamics using growth curve models. The results show that a linear growth curve model is sufficient to explain the data. Moreover, we find that a mutated version of a 3-repeat tau protein has a similar effect as a 4-repeat tau protein on microtubule dynamics. The latter findings conform with the biological understanding of the effect of the protein tau on microtubule dynamics.     

中国制造业企业创新行为的观测和实证研究 ——基于浙江省制造业1454家企业问卷调查的分析

 本文在浙江省制造业1454家企业大样本调查问卷的基础上,在微观层面研究了企业创新行为以及影响因素。首先利用统计分析的方法考察了企业创新投入的特征、创新投入的行业分布以及创新投入的产出绩效,并且发现了企业规模与R&;D强度之间呈现倒U型关系,这与安同良等人发现的倾斜V型关系的结论不同。其次运用计量分析的方法在有效控制了企业所处行业的技术水平差异、企业产权结构、政府资金扶持、企业品牌和企业设备技术水平后,研究发现：企业规模与企业创新投入之间也呈现较明显的倒U型关系,并且存在规模“拐点”;企业知识产权战略对企业创新投入具有明显的促进作用;出口贸易对企业创新投入并不显著,但发达国家特别是针对发展中国家设置的技术性贸易壁垒的技术标准化要求对企业创新投入有比较明显的促进作用;而企业集聚对企业的创新投入的影响并不确定。