高职教育加强内涵建设的四个着力点

高职教育加强内涵建设是当前高职教育提高教学质量、实现可持续发展的必然要求。为此,必须抓住四个方面的着力点:从高职教育培养人才类型定位出发,准确把握人才培养的层次规格,突出人才培养目标特色;利用工学结合、校企合作优势,开发具有前沿性、一体化、个性化的高职教育特色的课程体系;积极推进实训、实习基地建设,凸显基地职业情境性特色;加强大学文化建设,构筑有利于高技能人才成长的精神家园,以促进高职教育的健康、快速、持续发展。     

新兴技术类企业竞争优势的建立:基于认知框架视角的单案例研究

新兴技术类企业通常面临来自技术端和市场端的双重约束,探究如何建立竞争优势对企业成长意义重大。以认知框架和战略转型为理论视角,通过对北京得意音通技术有限责任公司的纵向单案例研究,考察了新兴技术类企业在不同发展阶段面临的约束,分析了认知框架和战略转型的互动作用,解析了竞争优势建立的内在机理。研究结果表明:首先,新兴技术类企业在发展过程中面临技术承诺惰性,导致企业逐渐失去技术先进性带来的先发优势;其次,战略转型能有效降低新兴技术类企业的技术承诺惰性,而竞争式建构能使企业重新获得市场竞争优势;最后,新兴技术类企业从技术端向市场端转移的过程中会面临合法性约束,企业采用聚焦式建构方式,创造了市场,提高了声誉,培育了企业核心竞争力。因此,新兴技术类企业应该更加关注技术与市场的整合,通过为用户提供技术解决方案和产品来提升市场份额;企业管理者应同时关注并获取技术端和市场端的信息,培育新兴技术类企业的竞争优势。     

The Dyadic Effects of Controlling Emotional Abuse on Subjective Emotional Experience in Iranian Older Married Couples

This randomised control trial study examines the impact of an emotional‐focused intervention on emotional abuse and subjective emotional experience in Iranian older married couples. In the study, 57 older couples were randomly assigned into control and experimental groups with the latter taking part in an intervention program over 4 weeks, twice a week, with sessions lasting 90 minutes. In the experimental group, significant improvements were found for reducing emotional abuse behaviours and increasing subjective emotional experience. Dyadic analysis revealed that a partner's ability to control their own emotional abuse significantly effects both his/her subjective emotional experience and that of their spouse.     

杨朱思想的本质还原

杨朱是战国时期著名的思想家,主张“重己”、“贵生”,十分强调个体生命的意义,重视生命的价值.他认为追求物质享受是理所当然的,每个个体都有享受的权利,同时也强调追求有度.其思想被后人所曲解甚至遭到批判,他没有著作留世,我们只能从提及到他的著作入手,从侧面去了解他的思想主张.他的思想和道家一脉相承,当时和墨家学说一同成为显学.他是道家第一阶段的代表人物,客观的对其思想做出评价是十分重要而且有意义的.     

Can vigilance‐focused governance reforms improve service delivery? The case of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) in Bihar,India

Child undernourishment is a major challenge in India even though the government has, since 1975, been running the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), one of the largest programmes of this type in the world. Ever since its inception, this scheme has been marred by various governance challenges: widespread corruption, absenteeism and targeting problems, more visible in states like Bihar than in others. The ruling dispensation in Bihar has instituted major reforms to tackle these problems. These include regular inspection of service delivery centres, strict monitoring of funds, swift disciplinary action and vigilance through community participation. While these reforms are generally accepted as good in theory, research‐based empirical evidence of their impact on the ground is scarce. This article tries to fill this gap through an in‐depth case study of ICDS in Bihar. The findings indicate that, contrary to conventional thinking about good governance, the vigilance‐focused reforms along with community‐based monitoring have not been successful in curbing systemic corruption. The study concludes that alternative approaches are required to resolve the governance problems in ICDS. These include tackling the problems of understaffing and heavy workloads, and providing stronger incentives to the frontline service providers.     

Differentiating conflicts in beliefs versus value tradeoffs in the domestic intelligence policy debate

Since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, there has been an increase in public discussion regarding U.S. domestic intelligence activities. Domestic intelligence activities focus on gathering information about potential threats from individuals within the United States, and completely rational members of the public can have different opinions about the acceptability of various alternatives depending on one's values toward privacy, civil liberty, and security. Past studies have demonstrated that construction of a multiobjective value model can help clarify public values in controversial risk debates. This research explores a range of domestic intelligence alternatives that vary on multiple objectives, and applies value-focused thinking to develop a multiattribute utility model to evaluate and compare the alternatives. The process demonstrates the feasibility of eliciting model parameters from individuals and provides a method for identifying the locus of possible disagreements among individuals. The development of the model is described first, followed by insights found from participants who provided both value tradeoffs and performance scores for six different domestic intelligence alternatives. The participants were two student groups and a group of police officers. The analysis showed differences among weights for an additive model for different stakeholder groups and differences among the performance scores. In particular, there is a "halo" effect for alternatives, such that its supporters ranked the alternative higher on all attributes compared to respondents who find the alternative unacceptable. This modeling approach and results offer organizations such as the Department of Homeland Security insights into the debate surrounding new policy initiatives, particularly those requiring sensitive value tradeoffs.     

浅议中小微型企业融资难题及银行信贷新模式

从四部委制定的《中小企业划型标准规定》出发,例举国务院新推出的金融、财税方面的扶持政策,体现国家对中,J、企业融资的高度重视。同时,对中小微型企业融资现状、造成融资困境的原因以及解决对策进行了简单阐述,并从银行角度归纳了几种针对中小微型企业信贷融资的新模式,以供企业和银行参考。     

两宋时期鄂东地区的钱监

湖北东部铜、铁等金属矿藏丰富,在两宋铸币业的发展中,这一地区出现过一些重要的钱监。北宋和南宋时期鄂东钱监的类型和地住不同,其中铜钱监在唐五代的基础上虽有明显发展,但在全国范围内影响较小;而南宋时期鄂东地区集中了当时四川以外的多数铁钱监,铁钱铸造量巨大,在南宋货币及矿冶经济中占有突出地位;而且这一地区的铸币业在两宋历史上所表现出来的延续性在各矿冶区中也很罕见。     

Using Psychodynamic, Cognitive-Behavioral, and Solution-Focused Questioning to Co-Construct a New Narrative

The narrative and social construction metaphors are used as the conceptual frame for the clinical work with a client who felt trapped in an emotionally abusive relationship. To help the client deconstruct a problem-saturated narrative, questions were asked which drew from psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, and solution-focused models. The rationale for the use and timing of deconstructive questions from the various models is discussed. The problem-saturated story during the time of intake is presented, as is the change process that led to a more solution-focused narrative. An effective short-term treatment was created through the use of interventions drawn from multiple clinical models. Effectiveness was judged by client's improved emotional state, and the ability of the client to imagine and pursue identified solutions.