软式排球教学比较研究

通过排球选项课的软式排球与标准排球的教学比较研究,并分析普通高校二年级女生体育选项课使用软式排球与标准排球教学的优劣异同,肯定了软式排球作为排球选项课教材的可行性,从而为普通高校的体育教材和体育主、副项选修课的课程改革提供有力的依据.     

论张先词古今一大转变及“始创瘦硬之体”

刘熙载提出:"宋子京词是宋初体,张子野始创瘦硬之体",陈廷焯也曾指出:"张子野词,古今一大转移",张先词的应社体性质,标志了词体从艳科应歌写作向士大夫生活写作的转向。在写作方法上,张先体也最早显示了词体的诗体属性,完成了由女性虚拟想像写作而为士大夫生活的真实写作,实现了由描写式向叙说式的词体句式转移等。张先体的"瘦硬",是在尊重词体别是一家内在规律之下相对而言的"瘦硬"。     

“软法”概念探微

从剖析软法这一概念的内涵入手,并以此为基础,进一步厘清了该概念外延的逻辑范围。以内涵和外延这两个逻辑特征的阐述为前提,软法的概念得到树立和界定,其发展将有助于推动国家法律的完善与和谐社会的构建。     

SHRINKAGE, PRETEST AND ABSOLUTE PENALTY ESTIMATORS IN PARTIALLY LINEAR MODELS

We consider a partially linear model in which the vector of coefficients β in the linear part can be partitioned as ( β ₁, β ₂) , where β ₁ is the coefficient vector for main effects (e.g. treatment effect, genetic effects) and β ₂ is a vector for ‘nuisance’ effects (e.g. age, laboratory). In this situation, inference about β ₁ may benefit from moving the least squares estimate for the full model in the direction of the least squares estimate without the nuisance variables (Steinian shrinkage), or from dropping the nuisance variables if there is evidence that they do not provide useful information (pretesting). We investigate the asymptotic properties of Stein‐type and pretest semiparametric estimators under quadratic loss and show that, under general conditions, a Stein‐type semiparametric estimator improves on the full model conventional semiparametric least squares estimator. The relative performance of the estimators is examined using asymptotic analysis of quadratic risk functions and it is found that the Stein‐type estimator outperforms the full model estimator uniformly. By contrast, the pretest estimator dominates the least squares estimator only in a small part of the parameter space, which is consistent with the theory. We also consider an absolute penalty‐type estimator for partially linear models and give a Monte Carlo simulation comparison of shrinkage, pretest and the absolute penalty‐type estimators. The comparison shows that the shrinkage method performs better than the absolute penalty‐type estimation method when the dimension of the β ₂ parameter space is large.     

再论1930年代“软性电影”与“硬性电影”之争

1933—1935年,中国电影界出现了一场引人注目的"软"、"硬"电影之争。这次论争在左翼电影批评家与软性电影论者之间展开,涉及到电影艺术的本质、内容与形式、艺术性与倾向性、批评的基准等问题,其产生的根源在于双方政治立场、文学与艺术观念以及电影观念等方面的巨大差异。这场论争对于我们全面了解左翼电影理论与批评、软性电影理论与批评、左翼文艺理论及新感觉派的文艺观都提供了有力的参照和依据。     

“中山先生之痛”及其反思:孙中山知行关系学说再评析

知难行易说是孙先生自己最珍视的理论发明。引发这一哲学反思的直接原因是辛亥革命后民主建国的挫折,但是其反思的深度却触及到中华民族古老的认知与行动关系信念的要害。它是在科学时代对知行关系的新认识。知行关系统辖了人类最基本的活动,孙先生的知难行易说具有潜在的理论意义,可以运用知识社会学或科学社会学的方法对其重新建构,从而有望提出具有中国特色的认知理论;这一理论也有利于树立严格知识论的标准,可以用来解决认识和社会关系这一重大问题,从而对我们时代认知迷惘和失序产生澄清作用。     

绿色发展视野下技术观的文化转向

不同时代,科技发展水平、社会价值取向不同,具有不同技术观。工业文明时期的技术形式为“硬技术”,其特点表现为：构成机理的还原式、价值取向的功利性和社会评价的单向性,并在事实层面、本体论和知识论等方面造成了巨大的负面影响。生态文明下的软技术观立足于整体的自然与人的发展,在价值取向着眼于技术与社会文化的关联,其评价体系实现了预先分析与事后评估的结合。绿色发展视野下技术观的文化转型,一要转变技术至上观念,确立技术风险意识;二要肯定自然内在价值,实现生态觉醒;三要构建技术伦理规范,从“伦理缺场”转向“伦理决策”。     

智慧城市建设还需要重视情商

智慧城市建设往往偏重于技术、基础设施和应用服务,而忽略了其配套的人文精神。智慧城市需要有情商。智慧城市的情商表现在乐观向上的情绪、敢为人先的心境、协同创新的志趣、坚忍不拔的意志、豁达平和的性格这五个方面。培养智慧城市的情商主要在于沟通、互动。简单地归纳一下就是两报、两台、两站、两屏、两服务。     

Someone to check in on me: social capital,social support and vulnerable parents with very young children in the Australian Capital Territory

Although knowledge of how social support can mediate stress is now well known, finding ways to enable isolated parents to access social resources that could make a positive difference for children during their critical early years remains difficult. This paper reported on the findings of a telephone survey aimed at understanding levels of social capital and social support experienced by isolated parents raising young children on their own in Canberra, Australia. Specifically, it discussed a successful methodology for reaching isolated parents, those whom services find hard to reach. The survey found that despite the relative affluence of Canberra's population, there is a significant group of parents who are isolated from both formal and informal support and the social capital that can help them cope with the stresses and demands of raising young children. These parents were unsure where to get parenting information and had a strong sense that they were judged by their local communities and services. We identified lost opportunities by general practitioners and other widely used systems such as public housing and security to take more proactive roles and connect parents to formal service support systems. Flexible, affordable child care was identified as an unmet need for these parents, not only as a source of relief from extreme isolation but also to enable them to work or prepare for work through study.     

Accessing a hard to reach population: reflections on research with young carers in Ireland

In keeping with developments in children's rights, research is increasingly including the views of children. Accessing a hard to reach population of children can, however, raise significant ethical and methodological challenges for researchers. Negotiating access through gatekeepers, securing parental consent and limits on confidentiality are central issues in the recruitment process of children. This paper is based on a qualitative study of young carers in the Irish population. It outlines the methodological approaches employed to access a representative sample of young carers and the measures taken to fulfil ethical obligations. In the recruitment phase of the study, researchers attempted to strike a balance between two sometimes competing requirements, the need to protect children from harm and to respect children's competence. This paper reflects on the success and limitations of the approaches adopted towards achieving this balance, exploring the use of gatekeepers as a method to identify and recruit a hidden population, and revisiting the measures taken to comply with the ethical requirements of parental consent and limits on confidentiality.