致幻药物与萨满通神体验

在祭祀仪式上,萨满有时使用某些致幻药物以获得与神相见、与神合一的体验。致幻药物的使用和效果均兼具个体性和社会性。本文从致幻药物的发现和在萨满仪式上的使用及其效应等方面,论述了致幻药物的使用对萨满通神体验的催化作用。     

辣椒色素提取研究

辣椒色素是从成熟的辣椒果皮中提取的一种天然色素，它不仅无毒．使用安全，而且着色力强，可用于糖果、巧克力、饮料、糕点等食品工业中．本文研究最佳萃取剂提取辣椒色素，温度对色素提取效果的影响．辣味素的脱除与分离．产品具有较好的耐热稳定性和耐光稳定性。     

基于拓扑控制的异类无线传感器网络分簇算法研究

随着传感器网络的发展,如何减小传感器网络的能量消耗、延长使用寿命已经成为传感器网络结构设计的一个重要问题．研究表明采用分簇结构以及对网络进行适当的拓扑控制可以提高能量利用效率．该文将簇构造方法与拓扑控制结合起来,针对网络具有不同节点,即每个节点具有不同的最大能量传输范围的情况,提出了一种针对异类无线传感器网络,利用局部拓扑控制算法进行优化的分簇算法．实验结果表明了运用该算法的有效性．     

施拉姆传播模式与明清之际基督教传播范式

明清之际约两百年间,以耶稣会士为代表的西方传教士在中国进行了较为广泛的传教活动。他们在传播基督教的同时,也开始将西方文化传进中国。从当代传播学理论出发来审察这一时期的宗教和文化传播,可以看出,传教士和中国士大夫实际上是互为编码者和互为解码者。总体上看,这一时期中西之间的文化交流是互动的,是基本上符合异质文化交流规律的,并对当今的跨文化交流有一定启迪意义,且不失为异质文化传播的一种范式。     

负载型Ru－Co双金属簇催化剂的多相CO加氢反应性能研究

本文评价了负载型双金属簇催化剂的多相ＣＯ加氢反应，考察了反应温度、时间及担体对ＣＯ加氢反应催化活性和产物分布的影响。实验表明，ＳｉＯ２作担体，对生成低碳烯烃有较好的选择性，而Ａｌ２Ｏ３作担体，ＣＯ转化率较高。在３２０℃，［ＫＲｕＣｏ３·Ａｌ２Ｏ３］型双金属簇催化剂的ＣＯ转化率为５９．８％，对生成低碳烃的选择性可达４６３％，反应温度高于３５０℃时，主要产物为甲烷。     

隐非齐次马尔可夫多元线性回归模型及其贝叶斯估计

隐马尔可夫模型对于异质纵向数据的处理有良好的效果,因此被广泛应用于工程技术、生物医学、经济管理等领域。文章引入了一种特殊的非齐次隐马尔可夫状态转移方式,并将其与经典的多元线性回归相结合,提出了隐非齐次马尔可夫多元线性回归模型,介绍了对该模型进行贝叶斯推断的方法原理和技术细节。最后,通过两个模拟实验说明了推断方法的结果是可靠的。     

论瑞士的联邦制

瑞士联邦制是瑞士国家长期发展及其成员州自治传统和多元文化的结果。瑞士联邦、州和市镇三级政府各行其责并相互合作,通过权力的分享有效地预防和解决了由于地区差异可能引发的）中突,同时推动了联邦的政治革新。尽管瑞士联邦制在现实中面临联邦决策滞后、侵入州权和缺乏民主性等质疑,但这一制度依然发挥了“整合异质社会”的重要功能,在较大程度上实现了统一性和多样性的平衡。     

Belief Disagreements and Collateral Constraints

Belief disagreements have been suggested as a major contributing factor to the recent subprime mortgage crisis. This paper theoretically evaluates this hypothesis. I assume that optimists have limited wealth and take on leverage so as to take positions in line with their beliefs. To have a significant effect on asset prices, they need to borrow from traders with pessimistic beliefs using loans collateralized by the asset itself. Since pessimists do not value the collateral as much as optimists do, they are reluctant to lend, which provides an endogenous constraint on optimists' ability to borrow and to influence asset prices. I demonstrate that the tightness of this constraint depends on the nature of belief disagreements. Optimism concerning the probability of downside states has no or little effect on asset prices because these types of optimism are disciplined by this constraint. Instead, optimism concerning the relative probability of upside states could have significant effects on asset prices. This asymmetric disciplining effect is robust to allowing for short selling because pessimists that borrow the asset face a similar endogenous constraint. These results emphasize that what investors disagree about matters for asset prices, to a greater extent than the level of disagreements. When richer contracts are available, relatively complex contracts that resemble some of the recent financial innovations in the mortgage market endogenously emerge to facilitate betting.     

Human resource development competencies as predictors of agricultural extension agents' performance in Yemen

Human resource development (HRD) issue is recognized as a significant factor for survival of organizations and professionals, including those in the sector of agricultural extension. Few empirical studies have examined the influence of HRD competency variables on agricultural extension agents' performance. The authors argue that HRD competency variables such as leadership development, communication, programme planning, programme implementation and programme evaluation could predict agricultural extension agents' performance. Questionnaire data were collected from a sample of 290 extension agents in Yemen to discover if HRD competencies affect the performance of extension agents. Regression analysis shows that three variables – competencies in programme implementation, programme evaluation and programme planning – contributed significantly to the performance of extension agents. These predictors explain 42.2% of the variance in the job performance model.     

Monopolistic Competition: Beyond the Constant Elasticity of Substitution

We propose a model of monopolistic competition with additive preferences and variable marginal costs. Using the concept of “relative love for variety,” we provide a full characterization of the free‐entry equilibrium. When the relative love for variety increases with individual consumption, the market generates pro‐competitive effects. When it decreases, the market mimics anti‐competitive behavior. The constant elasticity of substitution is the only case in which all competitive effects are washed out. We also show that our results hold true when the economy involves several sectors, firms are heterogeneous, and preferences are given by the quadratic utility and the translog.