Social service purchasing in China: Rationale,features, and risks

As part of a broader program of market reform, China's local governments are progressing an agenda of purchasing child welfare and other social services from the nongovernment sector, primarily to expand capacity and address vast unmet need. This paper draws on current research evidence to explore the approaches to purchasing emerging in China, examining the rationale for purchasing and models of supply, competition, and regulation. While some approaches are modeled on direct service contracting, direct purchasing of social service “posts” is also used, aimed at achieving goals of professionalization alongside service expansion. Overall, the review shows purchasing is helping to rapidly expand service scale and capacity; however, regulatory strategies for managing and mitigating risks to quality and access appear lacking. This highlights the need for further scholarship aimed at developing the robust risk management strategies which are required to support high quality, sustainable provision of purchased services.     

The Role of Family in Career Choices among Social Workers in China

Abstract

High turnover rate affects social work workforce development in China. Few empirical studies have been conducted to explore the factors that have influences on turnover intention among Chinese social workers. This study used data from China General Survey on Professional Social Workers to examine the influence of job satisfaction and family attitude on social workers’ career choices. The findings reveal that both job satisfaction and family’ attitude toward the profession have significant effects on social workers’ turnover intention. Family’s support or disapproval of the social work profession has moderate effect on the negative correlation between job satisfaction and turnover intention. The findings could be explained by the familyism culture of Chinese society and unique challenges of professional development experienced by social workers in China. Future studies should consider the influence of family to develop a more comprehensive research framework. Management in social service agencies should help family of social workers to learn and embrace the profession to gain their support of choosing social work as career.     

提高进城农民购房能力的有效举措——农村宅基地退出与城市购房相挂钩

以人为核心的新型城镇化,关键要解决进城农民在城市的住房问题,因此,创新体制和机制以帮助进城农民在城市拥有自住房,使其真正融入城市、安居乐业,是新型城镇化进程中不可回避的重要现实问题。面对城镇化过程中农民无力购买城市住房而其农村宅基地闲置浪费的现实背景,提出了进城农民宅基地退出与城市购房相挂钩的构想,以期引导进城农民积极有序地退出宅基地,提高农村宅基地的节约和集约利用率,同时解决进城农民的城市住房及房地产库存问题。在界定宅基地退出与城市购房相挂内涵的基础上,提出了解决该问题的具体思路,并剖析了目前面临的三大问题和障碍：第一,进城农民宅基地退出资产的保值增值与收益分配问题;第二,退出的宅基地与期望购买经济适用房所在城市的不一致问题;第三,购买经济适用房面临的支付能力不足问题。最后,针对性提出了通过出租、招拍挂、复垦等途径盘活退出的宅基地资产,实行保障房指标地域政策限制与经济适用房市场交易相结合,合理的宅基地退出补偿标准、住房供应模式创新与土地承包经营权抵押相结合等对策与建议。     

反思我国的农产品价格支持和直接补贴制度

2004年,我国着手调整城乡关系和工农关系,陆续启动了对农产品的价格支持和对农民的直接补贴制度,极大调动了农民生产的积极性.粮食产量和农民收入逐年提高,粮食市场稳定和农业生产方式得以转变.但是,由于认识的局限、农业形势的变化和制度设计的疏漏,农产品支持制度的运行偏离了设计的初衷,影响向了农业支持政策的效果.因而,应根据农产品供求关系变化的新形势,把农产品支持政策的目标定位为保护农业生态资源、增强可持续发展能力和增强农业竞争力,并针对农业支持政策的弊端,推进农业补贴由激励性补贴向功能性补贴转变,完善农产品最低价格和农机补贴制度.     

知识型员工职业召唤、职业承诺与工作态度关系研究

对中国情景下知识型员工的职业召唤对组织承诺、工作满意度、离职意愿等工作态度的影响以及职业承诺在职业召唤与上述工作态度的中介作用进行实证检验。基于自我决定理论和已有关于召唤的相关研究结论,提出职业召唤-职业承诺-工作态度的关系假设模型,并以981位国有、民营及外(合)资企业的知识型员工作为研究对象,通过结构方程建模进行实证检验。研究结果表明,中国情景下知识型员工的职业召唤对组织承诺、工作满意度和离职意愿均有显著正向影响,职业承诺完全中介职业召唤与工作满意度和离职意愿的关系,部分中介职业召唤与组织承诺的关系。在中国情景下验证西方关于职业召唤的研究结论,结果表明职业召唤的培养对企业知识型员工的职业承诺、组织承诺和工作满意度均具有十分重要的作用,为职业召唤理论在中国情景下的验证和完善以及知识型员工的管理理论和企业实践提供新的视角。     

Career Commitment as a Complex Moderator of Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention

This study investigated the moderating role ofcareer commitment on the relationships betweenemployees' perception of company practices andorganizational commitment, and between organizationalcommitment and turnover intention. Using a sample of 225researchers from eight business-related researchinstitutes in Korea, it was found that (1) careercommitment was perceived as distinct from the twodimensions of organizational commitment (affective andcontinuance) by Korean researchers; (2) careercommitment moderated the effect of employees' perceptionof supervisory support on affective commitment; and (3) career commitment also moderated the effect ofaffective commitment on turnover intention. Thepractical and conceptual implications of these resultsare discussed.     

日本生协的现状、特点以及对我国消费合作事业的启示

日本生协（日本生活协同组合的简称）是以家庭妇女为主体的消费者自治组织。民主管理和组合员的积极参与提高了成员的凝聚力,并发展了以班组织为中心的共同购买和个人配送等业务。生协的优质服务得到了众多消费者的支持,其组合员人数和户加入率在持续增长,适应消费者生活方式变化的无店铺事业也取得了巨大的成功。借鉴日本生协的发展经验,我国应积极引导居民成立消费合作社,开展社区内的团购业务和家庭配送业务,以解决日益严重的食品安全问题。     

大学生网上购物意向影响因素的实证研究

文章以当前在校大学生作为调查对象设计调查问卷,以问卷调查所获得的数据为依据,运用SPSS统计软件对大学生网上购物意向的影响因素进行探索性研究。研究结果表明：大学生网上购物意向主要受网上交易的便利性、网上产品的性价比、网上购物的交易成本、网上购物的乐趣、网上购物的时尚性等因素的影响。其中,影响最大的是网上交易的便利性,其次是网上产品的性价比,网上购物的交易成本、乐趣、时尚性这三个因素的影响程度则比较平均。     

金融诈骗罪主观要件探析

金融诈骗罪破坏国家金融管理秩序,侵犯财产所有权。其犯罪构成与刑法规定的其他犯罪一样,必须同时具备犯罪客体、客观、主体、主观四个要件。金融诈骗罪的行为人主观上是否必须具备“非法占有目的”以及金融诈骗罪的主观罪过形式是认定此类犯罪必须正确把握的问题。“非法占有目的”是所有金融诈骗罪必备的主观要件,而不是选择要件。金融诈骗罪行为人的主观罪过形式只能是直接故意,不能是过失,也不能是间接故意。     

大学生创业自我效能、行为控制知觉与创业意向的实证研究

采用结构方程模型,对河北、天津4所高校640名在校大学生进行调查研究,发现创业自我效能对创业意向的显著正向影响及其机制,以及行为控制知觉作为中介变量对创业自我效能影响创业意向过程中所发挥的作用,揭示了行为控制知觉的部分中介作用机制。根据模型研究结果,就提高创业意向的途径、方法,围绕创业教育、自我强化和社会环境劝导进行了探讨。