古巴比伦时期土地租金问题研究

由于原始材料的缺乏和古代语言文字的障碍,国内学者对于古巴比伦时期土地租金问题的研究一直未能取得突破.以古巴比伦时期的土地租赁契约对土地租赁中的租金问题进行分析研究,可得出一些新的研究成果.租金的种类并不是单一的大麦,其他作物及制成品也可作为租金.租金的比率也多种多样,熟地、荒地、果园地等不同土地类型的租金比率各不相同;同一土地类型的租金在不同的时期内,租金比率也存在着变化.土地租赁活动在古巴比伦时期得到了充分的发展.     

Ratio-Scale Measurement with Intransitivity or Incompleteness: The Homogeneous Case

In the homogeneous case of one-dimensional objects, we show that any relation that is positive and homothetic can be represented by a ratio-scale and a unique and constant biasing factor. This factor may favor or disfavor the preference for an object over another. In the first case, preferences are complete but not transitive and an object may be preferred even when its value is lower. In the second case, preferences are asymmetric and transitive but not negatively transitive and it may not be sufficient for an object to have a greater value to be preferred. In this manner, the biasing factor reflects the extent to which preferences may depart from a maximization process.     

敦煌契约中的量词

敦煌遗书中的世俗文献不仅是研究 9、10世纪敦煌地区社会政治经济状况的宝贵资料 ,也是研究汉语语言文字历史的宝贵资料。从语言上看 ,敦煌世俗文献在一定程度上比较真实地反映了 9、10世纪敦煌地区口语的面貌。比如敦煌世俗文献中的契约文书在量词的使用方面 ,就体现出其不同于唐代诗文小说的特点 ,反映了当时敦煌地区口语语法特点的一个侧面。     

电子合同法律调整:模式与框架的探讨

EDI是基于计算机系统之间相互许可的标准信息组织起来并受到电子方式的影响的商业数据的交换。EDI方式缔结的合同所产生的法律问题冲击了传统的合同法律制度 ,因而要求其进行相应的调整     

On the block structure of proper block designs

In this paper we consider proper block designs and derive an upper bound for the number of blocks which can have a fixed number of symbols common with a given block of the design. To arrive at the desired bound, a generalization of an integer programming theorem due to Bush (1976) is first obtained. The integer programming theorem is then used to derive the main result of this paper. The bound given here is then compared with a similar bound obtained by Kageyama and Tsuji (1977).     

试析英文合同的语言特征与翻译策略

分析了英文合同的语言特征，认为其特征在词汇层面体现为用词庄重、准确规范，在句式层面体现为句式复杂、逻辑严谨，在语篇层面体现为程式固定、结构完整。英文合同的翻译策略就是在保持汉语表达习惯和超越汉语传统建构模式之间寻求平衡，取得准确、通顺的翻译效果。     

古巴比伦时期房产买卖活动论析

古巴比伦时期,房产买卖开始活跃起来,房屋及房基地的买卖成为普通人的商业活动。古巴比伦时期形成了较完备的房产买卖契约,用于买卖的房产面积一般在1沙尔左右,价格变化较大。在房产买卖活动中,一般的平民阶层是房产买卖的主要人群,而女祭司等富人也积极地参与其中。活跃的房产买卖活动反映了古巴比伦时期商品经济的繁荣和私有制的进一步发展。     

Complete designs with blocks of maximal multiplicity

The set of distinct blocks of a block design is known as its support. We construct complete designs with parameters v(?7), k=3, λ=v ? 2 which contain a block of maximal multiplicity and with support size $\text{b}{}^1\text{= (}{}^{\mathrm{v}}{}_3\text{) ? 4(v ? 2)}$. Any complete design which contains such a block, and has parameters v, k, λ as above, must be supported on at most (^v₃) ? 4(v ? 2) blocks. Attention is given to complete designs because of their direct relationship to simple random sampling.     

Career Planning in Spain: Do Fixed-term Contracts Delay Marriage and Parenthood?

The aim of this paper is to find an empirical connection between the striking increase in the use of fixed-term contracts in Spain and the observed delay in the age at marriage and maternity. Using the eight waves of individual information from the European Household Panel for Spain, we find that for men, the decision whether to get married is strongly negatively affected by holding unstable contracts or not working, relative to when an indefinite contract is held. However, for women, results suggest that holding fixed-term contracts is not a deterrent for the decision whether to get married. With respect to the decision of whether to enter into parenthood, results indicate that for all childless women, either with no partner, holding fixed-term contracts delays entry into motherhood relative to the holding of indefinite contracts. The discouragement effect is stronger for women with no partner, though.JEL classification: D1, J1     

Mediated Partnerships

This paper studies partnerships that employ a mediator to improve their contractual ability. Intuitively, profitable deviations must be attributable, that is, there must be some group behavior such that an individual can be statistically identified as innocent, to provide incentives in partnerships. Mediated partnerships add value by effectively using different behavior to attribute different deviations. As a result, mediated partnerships are necessary to provide the right incentives in a wide range of economic environments.