课堂口语语法错误的纠正原则

决定是否纠正学生的某个课堂口语语法错误是个复杂的过程,其基础是学生了解错误及错误处理的本质。本文认为,其决定性因素有三,即:犯错误者,错误本身和犯错误的时间。要作出正确的决定,教师要综合考虑“谁在什么时候犯了什么样的错误”。     

行为宏观经济学的方法论意义

行为宏观经济学是西方宏观经济学中的新思潮。作为行为主义方法在宏观经济学中的应用,行为宏观经济学为解释宏观经济问题提供了崭新的理论视角。但是,行为宏观经济学并没有从根本上背叛主流经济学传统,其实质是多样化的偏好假设,辅以经济当事人理性化的选择,为宏观经济提供更真实丰富的微观行为基础。因此,进一步扩展偏好—理性选择的分析框架是行为宏观经济学未来的发展方向,储蓄不足和短期总供给的两个理论案例证实了这一点。     

叙述矛盾与小说的动态情节阐释——以百二十回本《水浒传》为例

《水浒传》七十回前后存在着的有关语句、思想方面的种种矛盾之处,在经历了明清以来的版本变化和阅读传播后,实际上已成为小说内部固有的、不可分割的一部分,并与小说其他情节一起,构成了《水浒传》故事的整体符号特征。从此角度来看,小说内局部叙述的矛盾实质上可以看作是故事内在结构发展的必然,并在此叙述矛盾的基础上,形成了人物性格的自我冲突以及人物形象、故事情节的动态演进。而这种统纳了叙述矛盾的整体性阅读,亦可为尚有版本争议的古典小说审美提供一条思路。     

房地产救市可行性的经济学分析——兼评《关于促进房地产市场健康发展的若干意见》

为了研究地方政府在房价波动中所起的作用,采用经济学方法对地方政府的房地产救市动机进行分析。分析表明,诺思悖论的存在容易导致最优政策的时间不一致性问题的发生,使地方政府缺乏解决房地产市场所出现问题的真正动力,因此使中央政府颁布的《关于促进房地产市场健康发展的若干意见》所能产生的实际效果大打折扣。分析结果表明：要真正解决房地产市场存在的问题,必须借助规则、声誉、民意有效监督等措施制止地方政府的相机抉择行为的发生。     

Strict Stationarity Testing and Estimation of Explosive and Stationary Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity Models

This paper studies the asymptotic properties of the quasi‐maximum likelihood estimator of (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity) GARCH(1, 1) models without strict stationarity constraints and considers applications to testing problems. The estimator is unrestricted in the sense that the value of the intercept, which cannot be consistently estimated in the explosive case, is not fixed. A specific behavior of the estimator of the GARCH coefficients is obtained at the boundary of the stationarity region, but, except for the intercept, this estimator remains consistent and asymptotically normal in every situation. The asymptotic variance is different in the stationary and nonstationary situations, but is consistently estimated with the same estimator in both cases. Tests of strict stationarity and nonstationarity are proposed. The tests developed for the classical GARCH(1, 1) model are able to detect nonstationarity in more general GARCH models. A numerical illustration based on stock indices and individual stock returns is proposed.     

期望不一致、游客情绪和游客满意度的关系研究述评

期望不一致、游客情绪和游客满意度三者的关系研究一直是旅游消费行为研究领域中备受关注的话题。本文介绍了期望不一致、游客情绪和游客满意度的理论背景和概念内涵,评述了三者关系研究的主要模型和代表性观点,并针对模型介绍了有代表性的实证研究成果,最后指出当前研究的不足、造成差异性结论的原因以及未来研究的发展方向,以期能为国内相关研究提供参考和启示。     

Bootstrap diagnostics and remedies

Bootstrap diagnostics are used to assess the reliability of bootstrap calculations and may suggest useful modified calculations when these are possible. Concern focuses on susceptibility to peculiarities in data, incorrectness of a resampling model, incorrect use of resampling simulation output, and inherent inaccuracy of the bootstrap approach. The last involves issues such as inconsistency of a bootstrap method, the order of correctness of a consistent bootstrap method, and approximate pivotality. The authors review here some of these problems, provide workable diagnostic methods where possible, and discuss fast and simple ways to effect the necessary computations.     

Can We Use Human Judgments to Determine the Discount Rate?

It has been suggested that the long-term discount rate for environmental goods should decrease at longer delays. One justification for this suggestion is that human judgments support it. This article presents an experiment showing that judgments concerning discount rates are internally inconsistent. These results point to potential problems with the use of judgments referenda for determining discount rates in cost-benefit analyses.     

中外合作企业中引入有限合伙的相关问题

中外合作企业的数量在改革开放 2 0多年后大大落后于外商投资与中外合资企业 ,其原因部分是中外合作企业法律制度的问题。为促进中外合作企业的发展 ,应引入有限合伙。有限合伙能适应风险投资的发展 ,能解决非法人型中外合作企业法的问题。五部门的规章规定了有限合伙制度 ,是一大发展 ,但在多方面存在缺陷     

Rush and Procrastination Under Hyperbolic Discounting and Interdependent Activities

We analyze the decision of individuals with time-inconsistent preferences to invest in projects yielding either current costs and future benefits or current benefits and future costs. We show that competition between agents for the same project mitigates the tendency to procrastinate on the first type of activities (i.e. to undertake them too late) and to rush on the second one (i.e. to undertake them too early). Competition can therefore increase the expected welfare of each individual. On the contrary, complementarity of projects exacerbates the tendency to rush and to procrastinate and therefore it can decrease the expected welfare of each individual.