The Impact of Dietary Changes Among the Inuit of Nunavik (Canada): A Socioeconomic Assessment of Possible Public Health Recommendations Dealing with Food Contamination

Inuit populations meet a large portion of their food needs by eating country food in which pollutants are concentrated. Despite the fact that they contain pollutants, the consumption of country food has many health, social, economic, and cultural benefits. A risk determination process was set up in order to help regional health authorities of Nunavik to deal with this particular issue. Based on Nunavik health authorities' objectives to encourage the region's inhabitants to change their dietary habits, and on both the risks and the benefits of eating country food, several management options were developed. The options aimed at reducing exposure to contaminants by either substituting certain foods with others that have a lower contaminant content or by store-bought foods. This article aims at assessing the potential economic impact of these risk management options before being implemented. Relevant economic data (aggregate income and monetary outlays for the purchase of food and equipment required for food production by households) were collected and identified to serve as a backdrop for the various replacement scenarios. Results show that household budgets, and the regional economy, are not significantly affected by the replacement of contaminated foods with the purchase of store-bought meat, and even less so if the solution involves replacing contaminated foods with other types of game hunted in the region. When financial support is provided by the state, the households can even gain some monetary benefits. Results show that public health authorities' recommended changes to dietary habits among the Inuit of Nunavik would not necessarily involve economic constraints for Inuit households.     

风口布置对空调车室内流动与传热影响的数值研究

采用κ-ε紊流模型及贴体坐标,应用整体求解法计算了空调车室内气固耦合传热问题.用Monte Carlo法分析计算了太阳透射辐射在车室内各固体表面引起的附加热流变化,并以此作为能量方程的附加源项,对不同风口布置的空调客车室内流动与传热进行了数值模拟研究.结果表明,送回风口的布置对空调车室内空调效果有较大影响.     

喷气织机品种开发需解决的几个问题

本文介绍了喷气织机的特点 ,国内外使用情况及利用喷气织机开发品种须解决的几个问题     

广州市部分市售食品金属污染情况初探

通过对广州市部分市售食品重金属含量检测结果的分析,分析比较了几大类市售食品的金属与重金属污染状况。研究发现市售水产品中,尤其是软体动物——贝类中铅、镉污染相对严重,而米面制品中油条的铝含量超标率依旧较高。本研究为食品安全监管部门明确了食品金属污染监测范围,有助于提高食品安全监管的针对性。     

Estimation of Human Exposure from Fish Contaminated with Dioxins and Furans Emitted by a Resource-Recovery Facility

Ingestion of contaminated fish can be an important human exposure pathway for dioxins and furans emitted from waste incineration plants. A new method for calculating fish contamination resulting from dioxin and furan emissions has been developed to overcome some of the problems of those currently used. The method is based on evidence that the major determinant of fish dioxin and furan uptake is sediment concentrations. Only two steps are necessary to calculate fish tissue levels. Step 1: Calculation of the concentration of dioxins and furans in particulate matter entering the lake or pond, and hence, the resulting sediment concentration. Step 2: Calculation of fish concentrations utilizing fish-to-sediment ratios for the various dioxin and furan isomers.     

A Risk Assessment for Selected Lead-Induced Health Effects: An Example of a General Methodology

The research described here is part of a larger risk assessment project to aid the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in its review of the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard for lead. The methodology can be applied to many situations in which a policy decision about a toxic substance is required in the face of incomplete data. Numerical results are presented for three potentially adverse lead-induced effects of interest to EPA: elevated erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP), hemoglobin (Hb) decrement, and intelligence quotient (IQ) decrement.     

An Investigation of Indoor Air Contamination in Residences Above Dry Cleaners

An investigation of residences located above dry cleaning facilities was conducted to determine whether indoor and outdoor air concentrations of the dry cleaning solvent tetrachloroethene (perchloroethylene, PCE) were elevated compared to residences not near a dry cleaning facility. Data were also collected on the dry cleaners' operating conditions and equipment. Significantly elevated levels of PCE were found in the indoor air of each of six apartments located above dry cleaners compared to control residences for both day and night samples. The PCE concentrations in outdoor air near the dry cleaners were also significantly elevated compared to control locations and were lower than the concentrations measured indoors. The type of dry cleaning machine was significantly associated with the concentration of PCE found in the apartment above. A strong correlation was also found between the day and night PCE levels in the study apartments.     

湿空气热物理性质计算方程及其修正系数

本文依据二元组合混合气体的性质和有关的计算方程，推导出了由空气温度、压力和相对湿度表达的湿空气热物理性质的计算方程。为便于工程计算，并将这些方程整理成了干空气的热物理性质乘以相应的修正系数。运用这些方程和修正系数进行以湿空气为工质的有关热质交换和流动计算，不但精度高，而且十分方便。     

《周易·贲卦》文饰观在室内设计中的应用

"周易·贲卦"文饰观主要指白贲,含有饰终返素与尚质重道之意。本文通过贲卦各爻的变化规律及其在室内设计中的应用研究,发现"白贲设计"有利于人与自然的和谐统一,有利于人类的可持续发展,是21世纪室内设计发展的主要趋势之一。