Conspicuous conservatism in risk choice

We analyze the risk levels chosen by agents who have private information regarding their quality, and whose performance will be judged and rewarded by outsiders. Assume that risk choice is observable. Agents will choose risk strategically to enhance their expected reputations. We show that conspicuous conservatism results: agents of different qualities choose levels below those that would be chosen if quality were observable. This happens because bad agents must cloak their identity by choosing the same risk level as good agents, and good agents are more likely to distinguish themselves if they reduce the risk level. Our results contrast starkly with those for the case when risk choice cannot be observed.

全球化与国际私法发展的新趋势

全球化时代已经形成 ,全球化时代的国际私法也有一系列新的发展趋势 :国际私法的调整范围不断扩大 ,渊源不断充实 ,性质在慢慢转变 ;国际私法内容的集中化、成文化和趋同化不断加强 ;法律选择明确性和灵活性的结合、适当性的增强以及法律选择方法的多元化。全球化时代中国国际私法立法也应顺应国际趋势 ,加强成文化立法 ,增强其灵活性和适当性 ,以促进国际民商事关系的发展     

Two-person sequential bargaining behavior with exogenous breakdown

We examine bargaining behavior in a noncooperative game in which players alternate in making and responding to proposals over the division of a given surplus. Although the number of bargaining periods is unlimited and time is not discounted, the bargaining is subject to exogenous breakdown at each period with a fixed probability which is common knowledge. We manipulate three probabilities of break-down in a between-subjects design that allows comparison with previous studies of two-person bargaining with time discounting. Assuming that subjects maximize expected utility, and this utility is measured by monetary payoffs, our results reject both the subgame perfect equilibrium and equal split solutions. Data analyses reveal that a substantial percentage of subjects behave adaptively in that they systematically search for the highest acceptable demands.     

Decision problems under uncertainty based on entropy functionals

This essay intends to define the role of entropy, in particular, the role of the maximum entropy criterion with respect to decision analysis and information economics. By considering the average opportunity loss interpretation, the basic hypothesis for Shannon's derivation can be derived from properties of decision problems. Using the representation Bayes Boundary it is possible to show that selecting a single probability from a set by the Maximum Entropy Criterion corresponds to a minimax criterion for decision-making. Since problems of randomly accessing and storing information as well as communicating information can often be stated in terms of coding problems, this result might be used to develop strategies for minimizing retrieval time or communication costs.     

基于两阶段风险的定制类信息系统开发项目绩效模型构建与实证研究

开发阶段绩效风险和实施阶段绩效风险是信息系统开发项目中两个重要的中介变量,它们调节了项目内在不确定性和管理实践对项目绩效的影响.在项目不同阶段,绩效风险的主要影响因素是不同的.在开发阶段,主要影响因素是项目计划和控制、内部整合和用户参与;在实施阶段,主要影响因素是用户参与和高层支持.另外,用户参与直接地正向影响产品绩效,但对过程绩效没有直接影响.过程绩效对产品绩效也没有显著的正向影响.     

会计师事务所规模扩张与审计市场集中度背离的探讨

提高审计市场集中度有助于提高审计独立性 ,而规模扩张无疑是提高审计市场集中度的最直接方法 ,通过对市场选择下事务所规模化历程的分析 ,指出规模扩张有其内生性 ,我国事务所合并是政府选择的结果 ,单纯的政府推动并不能提高市场集中度     

80／20效率法则在高校图书馆信息媒体采集中的应用

80/20效率法则又称帕累托法则。80/20法则主张:以一个小的诱因、投入和努力,可以产生大的结果、产出或酬劳。你所完成的工作里80%的成果,来自于你所付出的20%。这一法则被管理界广泛应用。高校图书馆将80/20效率法则运用到信息媒体的采集中,遵循实用性原则、系统性原则、发展与剔除原则、特色化和协调性原则,可使有效的信息媒体发挥更大的作用,实现效益的最大化;使所采集的信息媒体更具实用性、系统性,更适合广大读者的需求,更好地为高校的教学科研服务。     

浅析印度在其信息技术发展中的人才资源问题

印度是世界信息技术大国 ,也是世界信息技术人才大国。探究印度在信息技术领域突飞猛进的发展过程中 ,其人才资源从中所起的重大作用和目前所面临的人才外流问题及相应对策 ,对正在进行和加速高新技术化和高新技术产业化的中国具有重要的借鉴和启示意义。     

家族持股、董事会独立性与自愿性信息披露

由于家族成员在家族企业中的特殊角色和地位,家族企业的信息透明度问题引起了学者们的关注。为了检验家族企业中家族成员持股、董事会的独立性对自愿性信息披露的影响,采用家族上市公司作为研究样本进行实证检验。研究发现家族持股比例与自愿性信息披露水平之间存在着显著的“倒U型”曲线关系,过高的家族成员持股不利于改善家族企业的自愿性信息披露状况;更加独立的董事长对于增强公司的信息透明度具有积极的作用,而董事会中独立董事的比例并没有表现出对家族上市公司自愿性信息披露的显著贡献。     

面向来华留学生的高校图书馆信息服务研究

鉴于我国改革开放力度的不断加大,越来越多的外国留学生正不断涌入我国高等院校学习和深造。而作为教学和科研重要辅助单位的图书馆,必须不断强化馆员的专业素质培养,充实馆藏资源,制定相应的服务策略,为来华留学生提供及时有效的信息服务,帮助他们解决在利用图书馆过程中遇到的各种问题,从而满足他们的信息需求,帮助他们克服地域和文化上的差异,扫除语言和跨文化交流上的障碍,使他们尽快适应中国的求学环境。