我国教育投资短缺的原因及对策研究

教育投资短缺已成为制约我国教育发展的一大障碍。本文分析了造成教育投资短缺的原因,认为教育供给不足,需求无限以及教育投资效率低下是其主要原因,而解决这一问题的基本对策是增加教育供给,抑制需求,提高教育投资效率。     

China’s flexible overseas food strategy: food trade and agricultural investment between Southeast Asia and China in 1990–2015

Using the UN Comtrade database and multiple sources of agricultural investment data, this paper outlines the emerging patterns of food trade and agricultural investment between Southeast Asian countries and China. The paper shows that China has adopted a flexible overseas food strategy. First, China has increased food export and shifted its food trade with Southeast Asia from a dependent relationship towards a complementary relationship at the regional level in recent years. Second, China tends to adapt to the existing conditions of food production and trade in Southeast Asian countries instead of fundamentally altering them. Finally, Chinese overseas agricultural investment is less driven by domestic food demand but more oriented for profit making, and this gives it flexibility in diversifying investment. An adequate understanding of China’s flexible food strategy in bilateral and multilateral relationships holds implications for global food security.     

“Empowerment” as efficiency and participation: gender in responsible agricultural investment principles

Amidst global concern over the state of transnational large-scale agricultural investments, several efforts have been made to set global standards for “responsible agricultural investment.” While these efforts have received mixed reviews from the international community, very little attention has been paid to the gendered language of these principles. Through examining two separate sets of agricultural investment principles – one created by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the International Fund for Agricultural Development and the World Bank, and the other by the United Nations Committee on World Food Security – this article finds that, despite different processes and participants in the creation of these principles, they nonetheless share a language of “empowerment” targeted at women and marginalized groups. However, in contrast to early feminist discourses of empowerment, these principles instead perpetuate the notion that empowerment is to be found through efficiency, productivity and participation in land and labor markets. This article takes a critical look at this language of economic empowerment in each set of principles, and points to the dangers of equating efficiency, productivity and participation with feminist empowerment. By not acknowledging the broader gender dynamics of agricultural governance and markets, these discourses risk deepening existing inequalities rather than moving toward meaningful social change.     

政府投资项目后评价工作探讨

文章简述了我国政府投资项目后评价工作的现状,分析了政府投资项目后评价的重要性,从政府投资项目的特点出发,论述了政府投资项目后评价的内容和方法,并对政府投资项目后评价工作开展过程中需要注意的问题提出了若干建议.     

对我国房地产信托投资的再思考

我国的房地产融资完全依赖商业银行,致使银行承担很高的信用风险,积聚经营风险。阐明为了减少银行信用风险,解决房地产融资问题,大力发展房地产信托投资的可行性;还运用经济学原理解释目前房地产信托投资的总体规模偏小的原因,并提出改善的方法。     

随机模糊折现现金流融资决策模型建立及求解

企业未来投资收益既具有随机性又表现出一定的模糊性,而将未来单位资本投资收益率定义为随机模糊变量,按照企业发展的特点将其分为低、中、高三个阶段,并在随机模糊环境下建立了融资决策模型,最后利用基于随机模糊模拟的SPSA算法对模型进行求解,结合算例对算法的有效性进行了解释。     

个人教育投资的风险收益测度

将教育资本分解成受教育程度和职业的各种组合,借鉴Markowiz的有效投资组合理论,计算Mincer收入方程中扰动项的均值—标准差来衡量投资风险收益,以此建立中国教育投资风险和收益之间的平衡关系,并且利用F检验衡量投资组合的均值方差张成。结果表明,有效的教育资本组合不仅与所接受教育程度有关,还与未来职业选择有关。在以受教育程度为高中和中等职业的基础上,高中(06)可以张成其他全部14个投资组合的均值方差边界。因此,个体和政府在进行教育投资时,都需要全面衡量投资组合的风险收益平衡问题。     

城市停车产业化的投资激励机制探索

城市停车难已经成为制约城市治理的重要问题,停车产业化是解决城市停车难题的重要路径。停车产业化应明确界定政府、市场和社会之间的边界,加强城市停车供给侧结构性改革。增加停车供给可以通过政府机制或市场机制来实现,但市场机制具有天然的优势。当前,要积极发挥市场机制在资源配置中的决定性作用,积极推进停车资源的市场化供给;根据停车资源产业化、民营化和专业化的基本要求,积极营造良好的停车市场投资环境,鼓励民间资本的市场化经营;以民间资本的投资经营利润为激励机制,构建有利于停车资源时空配置的合理价格体系。     

转型时期中国电视剧的投融资风险

我国电视剧行政管理体制一直沿袭着与计划经济相应的管理方式。20世纪80年代以来电视剧生产开始转型。这种变化,实际上是投融资渠道发生微妙变化的结果。电视剧投融资渠道的扩展,促进了电视剧生产制作的繁荣,但繁荣的表面无法遮蔽无处不在的政策风险、市场风险与信用风险。这三种风险成为制约中国电视剧发展的“瓶颈”。电视剧投融资机制如何不断探索适应市场的生存方式,进行自身转型,成为新世纪的难题。     

跨文化视野中的卡夫卡及其创作

卡夫卡无疑是一个西方作家,但他对东方文化,譬如日本艺术、印度宗教,尤其是中国文化却情有独钟,他阅读了大量中国文化典籍,深受中国文化的影响,并且,这种影响已明显地体现在他的思想和创作中;卡夫卡是一个犹太人,但他一直生活在基督徒中间,他不信犹太教,但对基督教思想却有着深刻的体悟和亲和性;他是一个接受德语教育并用德语写作的作家,尽管他对德语的掌握和运用已到了炉火纯青的地步,但他在德语中却始终感到自己是一个陌生人。他生活在绝大多数人说捷克语的欧洲城市布拉格,他在家里经常使用捷克语,他还学过英语、法语、意大利和意第绪语,他渴望在犹太语中找到自己的家,但他最终却未能如愿。全部的文化冲突几乎总是以语言为依托的,卡夫卡由于如此深刻地体悟了语言的冲突和困境,因此,他对文化冲突的描述和表现总是和语言问题连在一起,而这又使得卡夫卡的思想和创作具有非常浓郁的现代气息和意义。