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本文以供应链质量成本为主要研究对象,分析归纳供应链质量成本研究现状,结合卓越绩效模式方法,提出质量成本核算体系,建立基于卓越绩效模式的供应链质量成本模型。通过一个应用案例,采用遗传算法求解,证明该方法使供应链成本得到了优化。 相似文献
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本文在贝叶斯分析的框架下讨论了面板数据的可加模型分位回归建模方法。首先通过低秩薄板惩罚样条展开和个体效应虚拟变量的引进将非参数模型转换为参数模型,然后在假定随机误差项服从非对称Laplace分布的基础上建立了贝叶斯分层分位回归模型。通过对非对称Laplace分布的分解,论文给出了所有待估参数的条件后验分布,并构造了待估参数的 Gibbs抽样估计算法。计算机模拟仿真结果显示,新提出的方法相比于传统的可加模型均值回归方法在估计稳健性上明显占优。最后以消费支出面板数据为例研究了我国农村居民收入结构对消费支出的影响,发现对于农村居民来说,无论是高、中、低消费群体,工资性收入与经营净收入的增加对其消费支出的正向刺激作用更为明显。进一步,相比于高消费农村居民人群,低消费农村居民人群随着收入的增加消费支出上升速度较为缓慢。 相似文献
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Josef Schürle 《Statistical Papers》2005,46(3):433-449
An objective of Record Linkage is to link two data files by identifying common elements. A popular model for doing the separation
is the probabilistic one from Fellegi and Sunter. To estimate the parameters needed for the model usually a mixture model
is constructed and the EM algorithm is applied. For simplification, the assumption of conditional independence is often made.
This assumption says that if several attributes of elements in the data are compared, then the results of the comparisons
regarding the several attributes are independent within the mixture classes. A mixture model constructed with this assumption
has been often used. Within this article a straightforward extension of the model is introduced which allows for conditional
dependencies but is heavily dependent on the choice of the starting value. Therefore also an estimation procedure for the
EM algorithm starting value is proposed. The two models are compared empirically in a simulation study based on telephone
book entries. Particularly the effect of different starting values and conditional dependencies on the matching results is
investigated. 相似文献
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《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2012,82(8):599-611
In this paper the use of the empirical Fisher information matrix as an estimator of the information matrix is considered in the context of response models and incomplete data problems. The introduction of an additional stochastic component into such models is shown to greatly increase the range of situations in which the estimator can be employed. In particular the conditions for its use in incomplete data problems are shown to be the same as those needed to justify the use of the EM algorithm. 相似文献
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A two-sided assembly line balancing problem is typically found in plants producing large-sized high-volume products, e.g. buses and trucks. The features specific to the assembly line are described in this paper, which are associated with those of: (i) two-sided assembly lines; (ii) positional constraints; and (iii) balancing at the operational time. There exists a large amount of literature in the area of line balancing, whereby it has mostly dealt with one-sided assembly lines. A new genetic algorithm is developed to solve the problem, and its applicability and extensibility are discussed. A genetic encoding and decoding scheme, and genetic operators suitable for the problem are devised. This is particularly emphasized using problem-specific information to enhance the performance of the genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed GA has a strength that it is flexible in solving various types of assembly line balancing problems. An experiment is carried out to verify the performance of the GA, and the results are reported. 相似文献
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《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2012,82(10):753-771
Evolutionary algorithms are heuristic stochastic search and optimization techniques with principles taken from natural genetics. They are procedures mimicking the evolution process of an initial population through genetic transformations. This paper is concerned with the problem of finding A-optimal incomplete block designs for multiple treatment comparisons represented by a matrix of contrasts. An evolutionary algorithm for searching optimal, or nearly optimal, incomplete block designs is described in detail. Various examples regarding the application of the algorithm to some well-known problems illustrate the good performance of the algorithm 相似文献
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齐普夫定律反映了城市规模与其位序之间简单而准确的关系,也是研究判别城市集聚和城市体系合理性的重要原则。关于齐普夫定律中城市的定义一直颇有争议,由于传统的空间研究尺度过于宏观,不能反映出真实的城市规模,学术界逐渐开始将眼光转向微观空间尺度,突破传统的行政区划界限,研究真正起到城市功能的微观城市组团。引入国外研究用于划分城市界限的新方法--城市聚类算法,对中国微观空间数据进行处理,以得到的功能性城市组团作为研究对象,根据齐普夫定律对中国城市规模分布进行分析,结果表明中国城市规模分布基本上服从齐普夫定律。此外,将基于城市聚类算法的城市规模分布研究结果与中国地级、区县级和乡镇街道级空间层面的研究结果进行比较,证实了城市聚类算法是研究城市规模分布的一种较好的新方法,它成功架设了宏观层面和微观层面研究之间的桥梁。 相似文献