On Sabır and Agency

This article focuses on the pious practice of sab?r (patience) within the context of the weaving neighborhoods in Konya, Turkey. Through an ethnographic analysis of the everyday politics of the practice of sab?r, which is central to labor relations, this article adds to and complicates feminist analyses of labor politics and the economy by highlighting the interconnected nature of ethical religious practice and labor politics. Additionally, I argue for the need to go beyond the question of whether women have or lack agency as subjects in feminist analyses of labor politics and relationships, and instead point out the need for the empirical examination of specific, contextually-bound practical conditions through and within which women cultivate various forms of ethical action and subjectivities. In pointing out the importance of a project that analyzes operations of power with a keen awareness of context, this essay presents an ethnographically grounded discussion of pious practice within the context of Konya's weaving neighborhoods, underscoring the effects of the coexistence of exploitation and empowerment on the construction of women weavers’ selfhoods.     

反学校文化与阶级再生产：“小子”与“子弟”之比较

作者通过对北京某打工子弟学校的田野调查后发现，在农民工“子弟”中间盛行着类似《学做工》中所描述的工人阶级“小子”的反学校文化。但是，由于制度安排与社会条件的差异，“子弟”与“小子”的反学校文化却是形似质异的。“子弟”的“反抗”更多是一种自我放弃的表达形式而非对支配秩序的洞察与抗争。文章进一步分析了“子弟”反学校文化的生产机制后指出，农民工劳动力再生产的低成本组织模式导致“子弟”高度边缘化的生存状态，这使得他们难以通过教育向上流动，从而以拒绝知识的形式放弃了学业，也因此完成了作为底层的社会再生产。     

Unfair to Me or Unfair to My Spouse: Men's and Women's Perceptions of Domestic Equity and How They Relate to Mental and Physical Health

Research examining the relationship between household labor and health has not sufficiently considered perceptions of domestic equity, physical health, or potential gender differences in these relationships. Using survey data from 1,234 lawyers, we examine how perceptions of domestic equity are related to mental and physical health and whether these relationships differ by gender. The results indicate that perceiving the division of household labor as unfair to oneself is related to poorer mental health, whereas perceiving the division as unfair to one's spouse is related to poorer physical health, regardless of gender. This article demonstrates the importance of treating perceptions of unfairness to oneself and one's spouse as distinct experiences, while also considering the wider context wherein these relationships exist.     

Flexible Labor

This essay assesses the feminist potential of workplace flexibility when it emerged as an object of knowledge in 1980s US public culture. The keyword flexibility, which crossed economic discourses about topics ranging from production to remuneration to consumption, was constructed as coextensive with feminism at this time. The essay begins by analyzing popular knowledge concerning labor flexibility created in scholarship and mainstream news. Next, the paper focuses on the contemporaneous articulation of flexibility to feminism. Since 1980, news, scholarship, and film argued that flexibility might provide a feminist antidote for late twentieth-century capitalism's harsh draining of labor from bodies. Particularly, flexible working conditions became publicized as a way that mothers could be better accommodated in the workplace. Yet as the century waned, flexibility failed to uproot standard time-intensive models of work and excluded some women from job opportunities and job security. When flexibility appeared to fail, pundits blamed feminism for wage-earning women's difficulty balancing family and workplace. This analysis shows that the various contradictory practices understood as flexibility rendered it troublesome as a feminist strategy. The paper concludes with an examination of the contemporary implications of this recent discursive history of flexibility.     

Policy Imperatives for the International Economy and for Financial Markets in the Emerging World Order

The world economy today is swept by unprecedented rates of change, complexity, interconnectedness, and uncertainty. For the first time since the 1930s, issues of the international economy and financial markets are playing a pivotal role in discussions of foreign and domestic policy. However, even as the revolutionary trends in the international economy and in world finance are in the offing, it is important to realize that the problems of mankind are primarily economic and social, not financial or political. While the trends towards liberalization of economic policies and integration of financial markets might seem to point toward the ultimate triumph of the magic of the market and free enterprise, a little reflection will reveal a number of undercurrents, dilemmas, and difficult choices waiting to be resolved. This article identifies the structural and human dimensions of these challenges in the form of thirteen Policy Imperatives aimed at the creation of modified versions of financial markets to make them more humane and less vulnerable to failure.     

The Tyranny of the Customer and the Cost of Consumerism: An Analysis Using Systems and Psychoanalytic Approaches to Groups and Society

This paper argues that an organizationaldiscourse on consumerism is replacing a prior discourseof dependency. This discourse encourages, and isencouraged by, economic rationales for behavior and ismarked by the collapse of many complex societal rolesinto the simpler category of customer.Moreover, practices emergent from consumerism andeconomic rationalism often act as organizational andsocial defences against anxieties about theuncertainties and changes occurring in a worldincreasingly dominated by global markets where thecustomer is sovereign. Six workinghypotheses are proposed to explain the operation of these new socialdefences. Evidence in support of these hypotheses comesfrom collaborative action research projects in which theauthor is involved. The argument moves toward a consideration of the new consumerprovider pair which, it is proposed, has becomea major signifier within the consumer discourse andwhich might be considered as a transitional pair indealing with widespread organizationalchange.     

论国有企业法人产权共享制

确立法人产权共享制的关键是认识法人产权主体 ,法人产权主体根据收益分享权界定。资本、劳动、社会作为法人产权三位一体 ,缺一不可 ,互相制约又互相促进。资本的法人产权是企业法人产生的基础 ;劳动的法人产权是企业法人有效运转的决定因素 ;社会的法人产权是企业法人有效运转的保障     

马克思劳动价值论与边际效用价值论之比较

比较了马克思劳动价值论与边际效用价值论的异同点.不同之处主要体现在(1)在哲学基础上,前者以马克思主义哲学为指导,后者以主观唯心主义和形而上学为指导;(2)在研究的目的和出发点上,前者是为剩余价值理论奠定基础,为无产阶级革命提供思想武器,后者则是为资产阶级服务;(3)在价值源泉上,前者主张活劳动是价值的惟一源泉,后者却认为效用或最后效用程度是价值的源泉;(4)在价值度量标准上,前者认为是社会必要劳动时间,后者认为是边际效用等等.共性方面体现在(1)两者产生的历史背景大致相同;(2)立足点都是市场经济;(3)在本源上,都属于价值论上的"一元论"等等.同时指出,应当坚持活劳动创造价值的一元论,结合新的社会实践,发展马克思主义劳动价值论.     

劳动和劳动价值理论的探析与创新

劳动价值理论研究是现实赋予的重要课题。为了从理论上深化对社会主义劳动和劳动价值论的研究和认识 ,我们必须把创造价值的劳动与社会必要劳动区别开 ,把社会财富生产与价值财富生产区别开 ,把价值源泉同生产要素重要区别开 ,把价值创造同收入分配区别开 ,把决定价值的依据同生产要素分配依据区别开。只有这样 ,才能为推动和充实劳动价值理论提供研究框架 ,寻找劳动价值理论研究的切入点和理论发展的方向     

农业较发达区域农民纯收入的结构构成及其变化趋势——以广东省高州市为例

在高州农民人均纯收入结构中,来自劳务报酬收入比重呈现上升的趋势,并超过农业经营收入。农民人均收入各个组成部分增长存在较大的差异,其根本原因是三次产业劳动生产率的不同。