农民工劳动权益保护问题研究

农民工问题已成为当前重要的社会问题,受到社会各界的重视和关注。目前我国法律法规及政策从不同程度对这一弱势群体的劳动权益加以保护,但保护力度仍显不足。针对当前农民工劳动权益侵害的现状,分析其劳动权益受侵害的原因及提出相应的完善建议。     

关于价值概念的几个问题--与张昆仑教授商讨

张昆仑教授对传统价值概念提出了三个问题,并认为传统价值概念解释不了这些问题了.但是,他提出的几个问题实际上都是不存在的,他提出一些并不存在的问题来说明传统价值概念不能说明问题,进而否定传统价值概念是不正确的.他提出的广义价值概念并不能科学地说明现实.     

人口较少民族经济发展与西方区域经济理论

民族经济的发展,实质上就是民族内部分工和专业化发展以及其经济组织演进的历史过程,而政府产业政策的选择是影响分工进而促进人口较少民族从发展进入良性循环的关键。文章通过新古典学派、制度学派、调和派三种关于政府干预与人口较少民族经济发展关系问题的理论的对比,认为发展人口较少民族经济,缩小民族之间和地区之间的经济差距不能完全依靠自发的市场力量,而要依靠政府的干预。     

制约我国农村剩余劳动力转移的因素及对策分析

中国作为一个人口大国 ,农村发展目前面临的最大制约因素就是农村剩余劳动力的大量存在。解决农村剩余劳动力的出路问题 ,是加快农业和农村经济发展 ,多渠道增加农民收入的迫切需要。论述了我国农村剩余劳动力转移的必要性 ,分析了目前制约农村剩余劳动力转移的因素 ,并提出了对策建议。     

Urbanization,migration, and development

This paper looks at the effect of the new international division of labor on urbanization in developing countries. Previous histories, particularly of insertion into the world economy, affect responses to the new order. Also, previous phases in the organization of the world economy, particularly those associated with import-substitution industrialization, have shaped the urban systems and urban social organization of developing countries in particular ways. By comparing the tendencies of the import-substituting period with those of the new international division of labor, contrasts are brought out in the patterns of migration, the shape of the urban system, labor markets, and in urban social organization. The overall change is likely to be an increasing divergence, both within developing countries and between them, in their urban organization.     

企业内部冲突与企业劳资关系

随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展,企业特别是非公有制企业老板和高层管理者--资方代表和在本企业工作但没有任何投资的人即劳方之间的关系,出现了前所未有的现象,企业劳资双方的冲突经常发生,甚至出现了罢工!解决此类问题靠传统的做法显然不行.所以,该文着重探讨企业劳资关系的解决方法,并借鉴德国的经验,为现实问题的解决提供一个思路.     

城市劳动力供求与外来劳动力就业政策研究--上海的例证及启示

本文系统地研究了2005年到2010年间上海劳动力的供求趋势,测算了所需的外来劳动力数量。结果表明:户籍劳动力的再生产远不能满足经济增长对劳动力的需求,在经济增长速度为10-12%时,这期间上海每年依然需要存在300—600万的外来劳动力。城市在外来劳动力问题上面临两难选择,外来劳动力对城市的贡献与对城市就业岗位的挤占可能同时存在。目前上海劳动力市场中外来劳动力在职业进入、工资水平、社会保障待遇等方面与本地劳动力有明显的差异,其就业环境依然有待改善。我们的结论是:对外来劳动力的歧视性政策可能导致劳动力的大量流失,更有悖于社会公平;外来劳动力就业应主要靠市场调节,地方政府应为外来劳动力就业营造公平竞争的环境。     

PRP在教师中应用研究的新进展

尽管PRP在企业组织中得到广泛的应用并取得了显著的成效,但是在公共部门特别是教育领域中应用研究的时间并不长,本文对国际上有关PRP在教师中应用研究的新进展进行了回顾,重点对PRP在教师中应用的理论成果进行了综述。     

Labor Force Transitions after Childbirth Among Five Birth Cohorts in Sweden

This article describes part-time work in Sweden and performs a multivariate analysis of the choice between part-time work, full-time work, and other activities in connection with childbirth among five birth cohorts of women. Results show that the combination of market work and family is common, but heterogeneity exists among women in the sample analyzed. Previous labor force participation proves important when it comes to returning to the labor market. The extent of previous labor force participation is also important, regardless of sector of, when it comes to the return to part-time or full-time work. Career orientation and social background also prove significant, some indicators probably working indirectly through higher education and different preferences.     

A cohort analysis of female labor participation rates in the U.S. and Japan

Aggregate data of female labor participation rates in U.S. and Japan, classified by period and by age, are decomposed into age, period, and cohort effects using innovative Bayesian cohort models that were developed to overcome the identification problem in cohort analysis. The main findings are that in both countries, age effects are the largest and period effects are the smallest; in both countries, age effects are roughly consistent with life-cycle movements expected by labor economics, but the negative effects of marriage and/or childbearing on women?’s labor supply in Japan are much larger than those observed in the U.S.; and in both countries, upward movements of cohort effects during 1930s–1960s were found. However, cohort effects are larger for the U.S. than for Japan. All the cohort results are roughly consistent with the marriage squeeze hypothesis and the Easterlin hypothesis.