以知识管理解决政府信息失真问题的对策与建议

解决政府信息失真的问题,是提高政府管理能力和管理效率的重要途径。要从根本上真正解决政府信息失真的问题,光靠技术上的信息管理是不够的。文章指出运用知识管理理论来解决政府信息失真问题可能是一条有效途径,运用知识管理理论,建立起学习型政府,明确以知识管理解决政府信息问题的原则,并采取一系列切实有效的对策和措施从根本上解决政府信息失真。     

论日本证券法上的损失填补罪

证券市场交易制度的发展是社会主义市场经济建设的重要一环,而证券公司以损失填补的方式劝诱顾客进行证券投资行为,严重干扰了投资人对于证券投资风险的判断,因此,证券法上特别明文禁止,并且对违反者以行政罚来加以处罚。但是,对于同样的损失填补行为,日本却是根据证券交易秩序维持的必要,采用刑事制裁手段来应付。基于比较法的立场,从日本的立法过程与司法实践中分析损失填补罪的犯罪构成,澄清损失填补罪的保护法益与刑事制裁的必要性,以提供我国将来规范证券公司不当劝诱顾客的立法参考。     

论让步思想让步政策及其作用

在历史发展中,不同的人、阶级、政党、民族、国家都曾使用过不同的让步政策,让步思想经过长时间的演变和发展,出现了各种各样的让步.让步需要有一定的限度,超过限度就达不到让步的目的,甚至走向反面.通过让步,可使让步一方维持自己最起码的“存在”;通过让步,使让步双方共同获得利益;通过让步,使让步双方创造“和平”的时间和空间;通过让步,使让步双方实现共同目标.     

科学发展观视野下政府职能转变的方向与途径探析

科学发展观是一种全新的政治诉求,蕴含着全新的价值取向,呼唤政府职能的进一步转换。科学发展观视野下我国政府职能转变的基本方向是强化公共服务职能以建设公共服务型政府,强化政府的可持续发展推动功能,在政府职能范围上注重收缩与扩展并举。应通过宣传教育在全社会推进政府观念的转型,通过促进公共职能履行主体的多元化来推进公共职能的转移,通过行政体制的完善和行政制度的健全促进政府职能的转变。     

社会管理与政府能力建构

作为主责人类权威性价值分配和管理公共生活的组织体系,政府的能力建构永远与其价值分配导向确立、职能实现以及治理绩效紧密联系在一起。一方面,适应社会发展要求和回应公共问题挑战,能力建构为政府破解各种困局、满足民众需求、履行公共职责提供了有力的改革思路和策略;另一方面,政府能力建构的方向定位体现了政府合法性的基础和依据。中国政府正面对着前所未有的强化社会管理职能的诉求,实现社会管理职能直接关系到中国社会的成功转型,而政府建构并发展与社会管理责任相适配的能力,是完成职能,达成绩效必需的基础条件。基于此,本文阐述了政府能力建构内涵、社会管理中政府能力建构的方向与依据、社会管理三个层次的政府能力建构等三个问题。     

加入WTO后内部审计职能的变化

加入WTO后 ,内部审计职能将随着市场经济的不断发展而发生从监督、评价到控制三个方面的变化。如何适应新形势下内部审计职能的变化 ,应从扩大审计参与权、完善内审制度、重视人才培养三个方面加以解决。     

基于动态损失厌恶投资组合模型的最优资产配置与实证研究

从行为金融学的角度考虑投资者损失厌恶的心理特征,建立预期效用最大化的动态损失厌恶投资组合优化模型。以我国股票市场为依托,将市场分为上升、下降和盘整三种状态,研究动态损失厌恶投资组合模型的最优资产配置和绩效表现,并与静态损失厌恶投资组合模型、M-V投资组合模型和CVaR投资组合模型进行比较。最后,在具有交易成本的条件下对动态模型进行稳健性检验。得出结论：不同情况下,动态损失厌恶投资者具有不同的最优资产配置比例,且动态损失厌恶投资组合模型明显优于静态模型、M-V投资组合模型和CVaR投资组合模型。     

A spanning heuristic for the unordered and ordered matching identification problem

The matching identification problem (MIP) is a combinatoric search problem related to the fields of learning from examples, boolean functions, and knowledge acquisition. The MIP involves identifying a single “goal” item from a large set of items. Because there is commonly a cost associated with evaluating each guess, the goal item should be identified in as few guesses as possible. As in most search problems, the items have a similar structure, which allows an evaluation of each guessed item. In other words, each guessed item elicits partial information about the goal item, i.e. how similar the guess is to the goal. With this information the goal is more quickly identified.The unordered MIP has been studied by Mehrez and Steinberg (ORSA J. Comput. 7 (1995) 211) in which they proposed two different types of algorithms. The purpose of the present paper is to suggest an improved Spanning Heuristic algorithm. Its improvement increases as the problem size increases. Further results and comparisons are derived for the unordered and ordered cases.This research shows that when the search space is very large, it is better to inquire from items that are known not to be the goal (they have been ruled out by previous guesses), for the purpose of acquiring more information about the goal. As the search space is narrowed, it is better to guess items that have not been ruled out.     

Flood Catastrophe Model for Designing Optimal Flood Insurance Program: Estimating Location‐Specific Premiums in the Netherlands

As flood risks grow worldwide, a well‐designed insurance program engaging various stakeholders becomes a vital instrument in flood risk management. The main challenge concerns the applicability of standard approaches for calculating insurance premiums of rare catastrophic losses. This article focuses on the design of a flood‐loss‐sharing program involving private insurance based on location‐specific exposures. The analysis is guided by a developed integrated catastrophe risk management (ICRM) model consisting of a GIS‐based flood model and a stochastic optimization procedure with respect to location‐specific risk exposures. To achieve the stability and robustness of the program towards floods with various recurrences, the ICRM uses stochastic optimization procedure, which relies on quantile‐related risk functions of a systemic insolvency involving overpayments and underpayments of the stakeholders. Two alternative ways of calculating insurance premiums are compared: the robust derived with the ICRM and the traditional average annual loss approach. The applicability of the proposed model is illustrated in a case study of a Rotterdam area outside the main flood protection system in the Netherlands. Our numerical experiments demonstrate essential advantages of the robust premiums, namely, that they: (1) guarantee the program's solvency under all relevant flood scenarios rather than one average event; (2) establish a tradeoff between the security of the program and the welfare of locations; and (3) decrease the need for other risk transfer and risk reduction measures.     

Price Manipulation and Quasi‐Arbitrage

In an environment where trading volume affects security prices and where prices are uncertain when trades are submitted, quasi‐arbitrage is the availability of a series of trades that generate infinite expected profits with an infinite Sharpe ratio. We show that when the price impact of trades is permanent and time‐independent, only linear price‐impact functions rule out quasi‐arbitrage and thus support viable market prices. When trades have also a temporary price impact, only the permanent price impact must be linear while the temporary one can be of a more general form. We also extend the analysis to a time‐dependent framework.