试论反通货紧缩的主要理论及措施

通货紧缩是 1 9世纪初至今在世界范围内陆续出现的经济现象 ,因此许多经济学家对此进行了研究和论述 ,各国政府也相继对此采取了许多措施。总结起来主要有 :有效需求不足论、消费决定生产论、生产自动创造需求论、欲望饱和论、经济福利论、预算赤字刺激论、债务论、货币供应不足论、以通货膨胀治理通货紧缩论、投资论等十大反通货紧缩的主要理论及措施     

The Validation of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief on an Older Latino Sample

Abstract

Purpose: Bereavement is considered to be one of the most profound experiences in older adulthood. However, assessments of emotional reactions to grief and loss have often been based on measures tested on primarily Anglo samples. This study examined the validity and factor structure of a commonly used bereavement measure on an older Latino sample.

Design and Methods: Using convergent and discriminant validation procedures, this instrument was tested using a purposive sample of 134 older, recently bereaved Latinos.

Results: While the instrument was originally designed to measure two domains of grief: Past Behaviors and Present Feelings, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis revealed a three-factor solution for this sample which included also Disbelief of the loss. Items within this domain included anger, rejection, and a sense of injustice.

Implications: This study underscores the need for improved measures in research on grief and bereavement to capture the intensity and severity of grief in a cross-cultural context.     

Retaliatory temporary trade barriers: New facts and patterns

This paper takes a fresh look into the role of Temporary Trade Barriers (TTBs) and whether they are introduced for strategic reasons. We construct a novel sectoral measure of retaliation using daily bilateral data on TTB responses in 1220 subsectors across a panel of 25 advanced and emerging economies over 1989–2015. We use this measure to present novel stylized facts and patterns suggesting that strategic considerations may be more important (in terms of intensity and frequency) than commonly understood from the existing literature, which has tended to ignore within-year responses. Our evidence indicates that retaliation actually often consists of responses across many sectors and indeed that same-sector retaliation is far from being the norm.     

俄罗斯非羁押性强制措施的机制及其启示

作为对“国家尊重与保护人权”宪法精神的回应,我国新《刑事诉讼法》对有关强制措施的内容作了较大的改进,但还存在很多不尽如人意之处,许多深层次的问题还没有解决.俄罗斯非羁押性强制措施对我国的羁押强制措施有借鉴意义,通过对其内容的分析,可以在树立人权至上观念、严格适用羁押强制措施、完善刑事强制措施适用的监控等方面进一步完善,以提高对我国公民合法权益的保护.     

关于高校大学生党支部建设的思考——以某高校H学生党支部为例

高校大学生党支部是党的建设的重要组成部分,是凝聚学生党员的重要阵地。加强大学生党支部建设,对于增强党组织的凝聚力与战斗力有重要作用。本文以某高校H学生党支部为个案,探讨学生党支部建设存在的问题,为进一步改进和提高学生党支部的建设提供建议。     

川西上三叠统生物礁群分布特征及控制因素

川西上三叠统马鞍塘组的硅质海绵生物礁沿龙门山带出露, 前人已对其岩性、 化石、 分布及控制因素作了一定研究。将出露礁体的分布及岩性特征与欧洲硅质海绵礁对比, 进一步结合全球海绵—珊瑚礁的演化特征和川西地震剖面中似礁的丘形隆起现象, 认为川西地区在晚三叠世早期发育硅质海绵—珊瑚礁系列, 其中硅质海绵礁发育在较深水环境, 现今部分被后期龙门山冲断带推覆至地表; 含珊瑚的礁体发育在相对浅水、 高能环境, 现今位于川西凹陷中; 硅质海绵礁的展布范围受北面秦岭古陆的碎屑物注入影响, 沿龙门山方向向北逐渐变小; 高能礁体发育在川西拗陷至川中古隆起的过渡带上, 远离北面物源。对于揭示川西地区海相碳酸盐岩到碎屑岩的转变过程及马鞍塘组的油气勘探具有重要意义。     

宋代海南王化治理的实践路径

两宋以黎汉双轨制的治理模式,从三个层面加强在海南的统治:在汉族人集中的"省民"区域,完善郡县制度设计;在熟黎区,通过委任黎峒首领的土官制度,加强统治;在生黎区,则继续推行"羁縻"政策。从王朝经略效果来看,开疆拓土,人口日增,"版籍"化倾向日益明显,并取得了超越前代的治绩。严格意义上来说,两宋时期是海南封建化的开端。     

风险社会情境下社会管理创新探索

风险社会的出现是现代化和全球化的必然产物,随着我国现代化进程的加速以及社会转型的加深,中国也步入了风险时代。介绍了风险与风险社会的内涵及特征,分析了中国风险社会的复杂性。将社会管理纳入到风险社会的情境中,探讨了中国在当前风险社会的背景下,政府、社会组织和公众等社会管理主体,在社会管理创新上面临的困境与挑战,包括政府在管理方式、管理理念和管理效度上面临的挑战,社会组织在与政府的关系、社会认同和资金方面的困境,公众意识、公众参与渠道和主体地位定位方面面临的挑战,以及面临这些挑战所应采取的解决路径。     

Meditation Program Enhances Self-efficacy and Resilience of Home-based Caregivers of Older Adults with Alzheimer’s: A Five-year Follow-up Study in Two South Asian Cities

This article reports a five-year follow-up study in two South Asian cities on the impact of a long-term meditation program in enhancing self-efficacy and resilience of home-based caregivers of older adults with Alzheimer’s. Intervention group caregivers (pre-test N = 96; post-test N = 78) reported lower perceived caregiving burden, higher self-efficacy in obtaining respite, responding to disruptive patient behaviors and controlling upsetting thoughts, and greater resilience, post-test, in comparison to the control group (pre-test N = 89; post-test N = 67). Gender and relationship with the patient were two strong moderators determining program impact. Caregiver women, spouses, Hindus, middle class, with college and higher education, homemakers, who attended at least 75% of the meditation lessons and regularly practiced at home (i.e. once weekly for at least 75% of the weeks) reported lower post-test perceived caregiving burden, higher self-efficacy, and resilience. Results of the Tobit regression models confirmed the meditation-related moderators and indicated that home practice was the strongest predictor of post-test scores. Overall the meditation program is an effective intervention, however, would need to be refined for specific caregiver subgroups such as men, children and children-in-law and those working outside the home, to suit their realities.     

党外干部任用的条件及培养选拔中存在问题的对策思考

加强党外干部队伍建设是新时期推进我国多党合作和协商民主的必然要求。抓好党外干部培养,必须把握党外干部任用的条件,认真分析培养选拔中存在的主要问题及原因,研究和探索解决问题的对策,从而为党外干部成长创造良好条件和环境。