价值链理论在跨国经营中的应用

本文剖析了价值链的特点及其变化趋势,阐明了在跨国经营中如何应用价值链理论。旨在为提高我国企业的国际经济竞争力提供参考。     

高校后勤社会化的难点分析及对策

后勤社会化是高校后勤改革的必由之路 ,在如何加快推进改革的步伐方面 ,存在着诸多的难点问题。学校应将现有的后勤转化为独立核算、自主经营、自负盈亏、自我发展的产业化的具有法人资格的经济实体 ,实行企业化管理 ,市场化运作 ,加强成本核算 ,明确产权关系 ,建立资产有偿使用及收费服务制度。     

企业服务创新若干问题的探讨

服务创新具有资金投入少、开发过程短、扩散速度快、不确定性大的特点,是企业技术创新的重要组成部分。服务创新是企业增加顾客满意度的积极措施、形成竞争优势的重要手段、获取增值利润的有效途径。服务创新的目标是以低成本提供个性化和高质量的服务,提高企业竞争力。进行服务创新应遵循方案整体化、措施人性化、技术信息化、手段差异化、过程学习化等原则。     

基于信任的供应链治理机制研究

针对供应链的治理难题,提出信任具有决策、协调、约束和简化等功能,信任机制是非垂直管理体系特别是供应链的理想治理工具,由此建构了多层次的供应链信任治理结构体系。     

实现以人为本的的图书馆服务理念

"用户至上,服务第一"是图书馆的核心价值观,图书馆的服务质量直接影响着图书馆工作的发展。本文介绍了新时期图书馆读者服务工作的特征,探讨了图书馆的以人为本、个性化服务内容和服务方式。     

人文精神在高校图书馆管理和服务中的体现

21世纪将是人文精神大放异彩的世纪,高校图书馆作为大学文化的一员,其全部活动更应体现人文主义的关怀.高校图书馆管理和服务体现人文精神是时代的呼唤、教学和科研的需要、高校图书馆的立馆之本.高校图书馆的人文精神体现在对图书馆员的人本化管理和对师生实行人性化服务两个方面.     

论网络环境下的电子阅览室建设

网络环境下 ,高校图书馆的信息服务模式发生了新的变化 ,电子阅览室的作用日益突显。因此 ,图书馆的建设应重视对电子阅览室的认识 ,加强电子览阅室的信息服务 ,以推动图书馆事业的发展     

On an adaptive version of the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm with independent proposal distribution

In this paper, we present a general formulation of an algorithm, the adaptive independent chain (AIC), that was introduced in a special context in Gåsemyr et al . [ Methodol. Comput. Appl. Probab. 3 (2001)]. The algorithm aims at producing samples from a specific target distribution Π, and is an adaptive, non-Markovian version of the Metropolis–Hastings independent chain. A certain parametric class of possible proposal distributions is fixed, and the parameters of the proposal distribution are updated periodically on the basis of the recent history of the chain, thereby obtaining proposals that get ever closer to Π. We show that under certain conditions, the algorithm produces an exact sample from Π in a finite number of iterations, and hence that it converges to Π. We also present another adaptive algorithm, the componentwise adaptive independent chain (CAIC), which may be an alternative in particular in high dimensions. The CAIC may be regarded as an adaptive approximation to the Gibbs sampler updating parametric approximations to the conditionals of Π.     

A bayesian estimator for the dependence function of a bivariate extreme‐value distribution

Any continuous bivariate distribution can be expressed in terms of its margins and a unique copula. In the case of extreme‐value distributions, the copula is characterized by a dependence function while each margin depends on three parameters. The authors propose a Bayesian approach for the simultaneous estimation of the dependence function and the parameters defining the margins. They describe a nonparametric model for the dependence function and a reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for the computation of the Bayesian estimator. They show through simulations that their estimator has a smaller mean integrated squared error than classical nonparametric estimators, especially in small samples. They illustrate their approach on a hydrological data set.     

A Non-parametric Frailty Model for Temporally Clustered Multivariate Failure Times

Abstract A model is introduced here for multivariate failure time data arising from heterogenous populations. In particular, we consider a situation in which the failure times of individual subjects are often temporally clustered, so that many failures occur during a relatively short age interval. The clustering is modelled by assuming that the subjects can be divided into ‘internally homogenous’ latent classes, each such class being then described by a time‐dependent frailty profile function. As an example, we reanalysed the dental caries data presented earlier in Härkänen et al. [Scand. J. Statist. 27 (2000) 577], as it turned out that our earlier model could not adequately describe the observed clustering.