气之清浊各有体——中日古代语言文学与文论中"气"概念的关联与差异

日本的“氢”字不仅仅是对中国之“氨”的简化,它也包含着对中国之“气”在演变过程中出现的→系列混乱现象的整理与超越意识。日本之“气”有“け（ke）”和“き（ki）”两种发音,代表了对中国之“气”理解与接受的两个不同的历史阶段。“け（ke）”表现的是古代日本人对中国之气的抽象性内涵的接受惶惑;“き（ki）”则将中国之“气”这→宇宙天地人生的本体概念,具象化为人生化、情绪化的具有描述与形容功能的词,并衍生出数量上远远超过汉语的“气”字词组。从语义的角度看,中国之“气”经历了四个发展演进的阶段：有形的云气之气（天气）→抽象的元气（宇宙本原之气）→人之气→文之气;日本之“气”则有“云气之气→可感知的神灵之气→人之气”三个阶段,它解构了中国之“气”的抽象化、本体论的性质,但未能实现从“天气”、“人气”向“文气”的延伸与转换。因而,与中国古典文论“以气论文”的“文气”论的深厚传统有所不同,“气”在日本文论中使用较少,且概念化程度不高。     

基于人力资源角度对西藏国有企业改革发展状况的研究

本文从西藏国有企业改革、发展十多年来的成就入手,分析了西藏国有企业发展中存在的问题及其发展的主要制约因素,并基于人力资源的角度提出只有重视“人”的作用,将其作为国有企业改革和发展的着眼点和着力点,才能实现西藏国有企业的稳定、健康、持续发展,发挥国有企业应有的作用。     

A conceptual approach to the creation of public–private partnerships in social welfare

All societies are confronted with complex, often difficult to overcome, challenges associated with changing population demographics. These challenges have placed increasing demands on society for social protection. Individual citizens, politicians, and scholars alike all are searching for the ideal configuration of the welfare mix, that is, a combination of various institutions that can offer the best possible combination of essential goods and services for everyone in every society. Key Practitioner Message: ● The organization of the public–private welfare partnership as viewed from a conceptual perspective; ● The unique contextual and contemporary social forces that shape public–private partnerships in modern welfare state practice; ● Contrasts in the origins and nature of public–private partnerships between two of the world's most populous countries whose histories, traditions, values, and norms differ fundamentally from one another. Even so, considerable learning regarding welfare state formation in different societies is possible through the application of the Public–Private Development Mix to the analysis of welfare state formation in these two contrasting societies.     

系统性风险约束下的商业银行成本、利润效率比较研究

本文基于16家中国上市银行2006~2012年的非平衡面板数据,运用随机边界分析方法,对系统性风险约束下的银行成本、利润效率及其无效率效应进行了比较研究。结果发现:中国银行业的风险主要来源于系统性风险;不考虑风险因素将导致效率值的明显低估;在成本、利润效率模型中,系统性风险越高,其所造成的无效率效应越大。加强风险管理,防止系统性风险的爆发,有利于商业银行效率的提高。     

Value orientations of social welfare policy structures

Substantial literature exists around the variation of welfare policy development in liberal democracies. The contrast of the American welfare state to those in Europe has sparked significant analytical literature about which factors are most significant in the variation. The literature extensively examines many of these factors but has neglected the significance of social values. This article discusses values and policy development as a foundation for further studies linking specific values to policy and institutional development. First, I discuss theorists who have identified value orientation as significant to welfare state variation; second, I review the major comparative welfare state literature. Finally, I discuss the major variation categories through the lens of social values by identifying the significant value orientation of sample policy structures. Comparative welfare state literature benefits from elucidating the values orientation of welfare policies that define the welfare state typological categories. Including the role of social values in welfare state comparisons promotes greater understanding of the origins and trajectory of current policy. Key Practitioner Message: ● Increase understanding of welfare state variation factors; ● Frame questions about social values reflected in social policy.     

新中国成立前后有关壮族论著的比较研究--以刘介与黄现璠的主要著作为例

本文对新中国成立前后广西著名学者刘介的《岭表纪蛮》与黄现璠的《广西壮族简史》代表论著产生的历史背景、学术价值、学术观点以及学术贡献作了系统的比较与评述。     

论中印两国要素积累对服务贸易比较优势的影响

本文比较了中印两国服务贸易比较优势和贸易模式的差异,并在HO理论的基础上,就中印两国要素积累对服务贸易出口增长的影响作了时间序列分析,发现两国服务贸易比较优势的来源不同:前者来源于其丰裕的劳动力,而后者来源于人力资本。上述分析为中印两国服务贸易部门存在的比较优势差异提供了一个基于要素因素的解释,并得出人力资本的快速积累能够为一国增强现代服务贸易部门的比较优势提供有利条件的结论。     

Estimating monotone convex functions via sequential shape modification

We propose a sequential method to estimate monotone convex functions that consists of: (i) monotone regression via solving a constrained least square (LS) problem and (ii) convexification of the monotone regression estimate via solving a uniform approximation problem with associated constraints. We show that this method is faster than the constrained LS method. The ratio of computation time increases as data size increases. Moreover, we show that, under an appropriate smoothness condition, the uniform convergence rate achieved by the proposed method is nearly comparable to the best achievable rate for a non-parametric estimate which ignores the shape constraint. Simulation studies show that our method is comparable to the constrained LS method in estimation error. We illustrate our method by analysing ground water level data of wells in Korea.     

On the Existence of Monotone Pure‐Strategy Equilibria in Bayesian Games

We generalize Athey's (2001) and McAdams' (2003) results on the existence of monotone pure‐strategy equilibria in Bayesian games. We allow action spaces to be compact locally complete metric semilattices and type spaces to be partially ordered probability spaces. Our proof is based on contractibility rather than convexity of best‐reply sets. Several examples illustrate the scope of the result, including new applications to multi‐unit auctions with risk‐averse bidders.     

早期儒家和犹太—基督教传统中的智慧观：比较研究的思考

智慧是一切哲学与宗教传统的中心,本文是对早期儒家和犹太-基督教传统中的智慧观比较研究的一种思考,通过分析两种传统中智慧观的同中之异和异中之同来把握智慧的本质和价值,力图从比较的框架来审视智慧的哲学含义、伦理蕴涵和宗教层面,进而理解早期儒家和犹太—基督教传统中智慧观在文化、政治和哲学上的分歧之处。