Role Fusion: The Occupational Socialization of Prison Chaplains

The conclusion that prisons, as total institutions, are “forcing houses” for the changing of persons can be extended beyond inmates to the prison staff. In this article I focus on one subset of prison staff that has received only scant examination: prison chaplains. Using qualitative interview data, I analyze the occupational socialization of state‐employed prison chaplains. I begin by discussing the initial expectations chaplains held about their work and what they hoped to accomplish. I describe the challenges of working in the correctional environment and note the occupational adjustments chaplains made in reaction to these challenges. I conclude with a theoretical examination of the role and identity processes that framed the occupational socialization of prison chaplains.     

Relationship of Dyadic Closeness With Work‐Related Stress: A Daily Diary Study

We examined the association between work‐related stress of both spouses and daily fluctuations in their affective states and dyadic closeness. Daily diary data from 169 Israeli dual‐earner couples were analyzed using multilevel modeling. The findings indicate that work stress has no direct effect on dyadic closeness but rather is mediated by the spouses’ negative mood. Evidence was found for spillover of stress from work to mood at home, as well as negative crossover among couples with higher marital quality, resulting in greater distance on stressful days. Such increased distance may reflect either a deleterious effect of work stress on marital relationships or a protective mechanism used by couples in times of stress.     

基层政府社会风险治理流程优化研究

社会风险治理是社会治理的重要组成部分,增强基层政府社会风险治理能力是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的一大关键。随着我国社会的进一步转型,社会风险呈现出虚拟化、网络化、联动化等新态势,它使得基层政府社会风险治理面临着新的挑战。因此,需要从流程优化的角度,对基层政府社会风险治理的机制与方式进行创新,从而提高基层政府社会风险治理的水平。     

扶贫移民适应期生计风险、扶持资源承接与政策优化

扶贫移民兼具扶贫和生态保护功能,有效破解区域生态可持续和社会经济发展矛盾的同时也会出现目标的“反功能”现象。基于适应期扶贫移民生计特征归纳,寻求可能遇到的丧失发展资源、失去公共服务、社会关系网络受损、边缘化等生计损失及致贫风险,针对扶贫移民适应期生计发展扶持政策实施过程中存在的“政策对接有落差、政策衔接有缝隙、政策承接有障碍”等资源承接问题,尝试提出提高移民发展可行能力、注重产业发展、整合发展扶持政策与资源、强化移民专业经济组织建设、健全农村要素市场、促进发展要素整合联动等建议,以促进扶贫移民安稳致富奔小康。     

我国职业年金制的整合构建问题探析

随着中国经济市场化改革的进一步深化,作为养老保障的第二支柱,中国的职业年金制度终将被整合构建起来。本文从职业年金概念的辨析开始,采用文献研究法梳理出职业年金制整合设计的几个基本问题。并有针对性地提出将职业年金制设计为：企业、机关事业单位等作为雇主参与职业年金筹资;筹资模式采用基金制的缴费确定型计划;缴费率目标值设定为由雇主和雇员共同承担10％~15％,且替代率目标值设定为40％~50％;职业年金基金实行市场化运作。     

Expanded renal transplantation: a competing risk model approach

Multi-state models (MSMs) are useful to analyze survival data when, besides the event of main interest, one or more intermediate states of the individual are identified. These models take the several existing states and the possible transitions among them into account. At the same time, covariate effects on each transition intensity may be investigated separately and, therefore, MSMs are more flexible than the standard Cox proportional hazards model. In this work, we use MSMs to investigate the impact of the quality of a transplanted kidney for a group of patients at the Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Specifically, we use an illness-death model to study the evolution of patients with kidney disease who received a renal transplant after a dialysis period. The intermediate state is defined as the failure of the received organ, while the terminating state is the death of the patient. In order to increase the potential number of organs available for transplant, the standards of quality for the transplanted kidneys were relaxed (the new criteria are labeled expanded criteria), and these ‘expanded kidneys’ were transplanted in appropriate candidates (older patients, with higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus). Results suggest that the expanded kidneys have a minor effect on survival, while both the kidney mortality and the risk of death increase with the patient's age and the serum creatinine and serum hemoglobin levels.     

Computation of Sharp Bounds on the Expected Value of a Supermodular Function of Risks with Given Marginals

We show that the rearrangement algorithm (RA) introduced in Puccetti and Rüschendorf (2012 Puccetti, G., Rüschendorf, L. (2012). Computation of sharp bounds on the distribution of a function of dependent risks. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 236(7):1833–1840.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) to compute distributional bounds can be used also to compute sharp lower and upper bounds on the expected value of a supermodular function of d random variables having fixed marginal distributions. Compared to the analytical methods existing in the literature the algorithm is widely applicable, more easily obtained and gives insight into the dependence structures attaining the bounds.     

经济责任审计风险的成因与防范

经济责任审计是一项政策性很强的工作。从多方面分析经济责任审计风险存在的原因以及防范经济责任审计风险的方式、方法,可以提高审计工作质量,保证经济责任审计报告的公正性、真实性和权威性。     

大学教师学术职业分化的历史逻辑及意义 ——基于社会分工理论的分析

大学教师是从事高深知识的发现、发展、传播的学术性职业,其质量的高低决定着高等教育质量的优劣。随着大学与社 会关系的加强,大学教师逐渐走出“象牙塔”,呈现出越来越明显的世俗化、职业化特征。中世纪以来,大学经历了“单一职能” 到“双重职能”再到“多元职能”的历史变迁,客观上导致了大学教师职业的不断分化。因此,大学教师学术职业分化与社会分 工的不断细化有紧密的联系。理清大学教师学术职业分化的历史逻辑,不仅有利于大学教师的专业发展,而且可以帮助人事 管理部门对教师进行分类管理,提升管理水平。     

老龄化背景下政府与企业在养老保险基金风险中的博弈

文章从政府与企业博弈的角度,对当前老龄化背景下中国社会养老保险基金中存在的问题进行探讨。通过对未来中国养老保险制度负担比的预测,比较养老保险成本率和缴费率的关系,分析中国养老保险基金存在的风险。集中描述政府与企业在养老保险基金风险问题上的博弈,并提出规范博弈行为和完善养老保险制度的相应对策。